Righteous army uprising at the end of the Joseon Dynasty.

 Japan, which suppressed the Donghak Revolution, a righteous army of Eulmi, which stood up to avenge the country, tried to lead the Sino-Japanese War to victory and monopolize Joseon. However, when Russia joined forces with Germany and France to interfere with the Three Kingdoms, Japan gave in. The Min administration, which had been watching the international situation, also tilted to pro-Russian policy. Japan killed Empress Myeongseong and implemented a suspended reform (Eulmi Reform) with the pro-Japanese regime as an emergency means to make up for its inferiority. Through the Eulmi Reform, solar power was used and modern postal affairs were carried out, and on November 15, 1895, a single order was issued. The public's anger over Empress Myeongseong's death and the single decree reached its peak, and righteous army rose across the country to overthrow the Japanese invaders. The righteous army was started by Yoo In-seok in Jecheon, Lee So-eung in Chuncheon, and Park Joon-young in Yeoju. The anger of the whole people was raging when the national mother of the country was inflicted by Japanese enemies and a one-day order was issued to change the customs that had been passed down from generation to generation. Since it was to crush the pride of the delivery competition, people like Choi Ik-hyun strongly opposed it, saying, "Even if you cut the neck, you can't cut the topknot." In particular, Yoo In-seok's Jecheon righteous army occupied Chungju and gained momentum. The basic spirit of the righteous army at the end of the Korean War was the idea of the above political history, and its advocates were Ki Jeong-jin and Lee Hang-ro. They defended the country like their own home and regarded the king as parents, rebelling against the national mother's punishment and the single order. Righteous army also took place in this area where the wounds of the Donghak Revolution were still intact. One was the righteous army of Confucian scholars centered on Jangseong, and the other was the righteous army of children centered on Naju. Ki Sam-yeon, Jeong Eui-rim, Ko Gwang-soon, and Kim Ik-jung, the writers of Ki Jeong-jin, took the lead, centering on Ki Woo-man. In January 1896, Kiuman sent a separate gate to a nearby town, and appealed to avenge the death of the national mother and the single decree, and to bring the king who fled to the Russian legation. Kiuman entered the local Confucian school of Jangseongbu in February and gathered meaningful people and ran to Naju. He killed Ahn Jong-soo, the Chief of the Naju Observatory, and encouraged the anxious Naju righteous army. The Honam righteous army centered on Kiuman Bay was headquartered in Hyanggyo, Gwangju, and used Ki Sam-yeon as the vanguard, and his general righteous army gained momentum with about 300. On top of that, Jeong Seok-jin, head of Haenam-gun, and Min Jong-ryul, head of Damyang-gun joined forces to sweep 13 villages in Jeolla-do. However, Yi Gyeom-je, the commander of the company, suppressed the righteous army in Jinju, entered Jeolla-do, killed Jeong Seok-jin, the head of Haenam-gun, and arrested Min Jong-ryul, the head of Damyang-gun, threatened the righteous army. In addition, Shin Ki-seon of Namro Line urged Kiuman to disperse the army. At this time, Ki Sam-yeon objected that the demand for the dissolution of the righteous army was not the will of wages, and if the army was dissolved here, everyone would be angry, but Kiu-man disbanded the army. Honam's early righteous army was disbanded without having a single fight with the government and Japanese troops. However, it is meaningful in that it rebelled again about a year after the Donghak Peasant War committed tremendous slaughter and looting and exploded the anger of the people. In November 1905, Choi Ik-hyun, who raised the righteous army due to the response of the Honam region, Japanese invaders forced Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905 to deprive them of their diplomatic rights. In addition, the Ministry of Customs and Inspection was established to make Joseon their protective country. In a situation like a ruin, the people protested against the Japanese invasion and showed national spirit. There were appeals activities, self-determination by death, condemnation by the media, national power recovery movements through smuggling, Eulsaojeok assassination activities, and the development of the government bond compensation movement, but the most intense and active struggle was the righteous army uprising. After the signing of Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905, it was Choi Ik-hyun's uprising in June 1906 that sparked the righteous army movement in the Honam region. Choi Ik-hyun, a former bureaucrat, was one of the most well-known figures in the country as the head of the Cheoksapa at the time. He was angry at Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905 when he heard the news of Song Byeong-seon's death and planned a righteous army uprising. He worried about the country and discussed countermeasures with meaningful scholars such as Baek Kyung-in and Lee Baek-rae of Boseong. He started as Taein to raise righteous army in Honam, where he is just and loyal, and met Lim Byung-chan. Choi Ik-hyun met Kiu-man and 50 scholars in the region at Yongchusa Temple in Damyang on April 8 to strengthen his resolution. He wrote a special statement stating, "Let's work together to defeat the enemy orangkae, eliminate the seed, fire the den, annihilate the traitor's Dodang, and strengthen the reputation of the country." Choi Ik-hyun and Lim Byung-chan held a lecture at Taein's Museongseowon Confucian Academy on April 13 to reveal 16 crimes committed by Japan. The important contents are crime of invading the palace during the Donghak Peasant War, crime of land occupation and pro-Japanese recommendation, coercion of loyalty and public opinion, oppression of Iljinhoe and patriotic groups, provision of telecommunications institutions, torture, political consumption, Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905. After that, they passed through Taein, Jeongeup, Gokseong, etc. and became a big disease in Sunchang. Then Heungdeok's employees participated with about 30 catchers. On April 15, Jeongeup was occupied and an armory was accepted. On the 16th, Sunchang was occupied, a new department was set, and about 10 Japanese soldiers were defeated outside the castle. However, on April 21, Choi Ik-hyun's unit confronted the soldiers of the Jinwi Army in Jeonju and Namwon in Sunchang, but stopped fighting and disarmed them, saying, "I can't even kill my own kind." Choi Ik-hyun himself was arrested by punitive forces along with 12 people, including Lim Byung-chan, and was taken to Seoul, but eventually taken to Tsushima Island by the Japanese military and died. Choi Ik-hyun's uprising did not receive as much response as originally expected. Nevertheless, the march to 11 counties in Jeollanam-do, Taein, Jeongeup, and Sunchang, which Choi Ik-hyun and others sent during the uprising, had a great influence on the righteous army movement in Honam's righteous army movement. Since then, there have been several righteous army uprisings centered on Confucian scholars in various parts of Honam. In November 1906, Baek Nak-gu raised righteous army in Gurye such as Ko Gwang-soon and Lee Gwang-seon to advance to Gwangyang and Suncheon. In March 1907, Yang Hoe-il and Lee Baek-rae raised righteous army in Hwasun and swept Hwasun, Neungju, and Dongbok. Yang Han-gyu of Namwon joined forces with Ko Kwang-soon to occupy Namwon. Ko Gwang-soon of Damyang is from Changpyeong, a descendant of Ko Gyeong-myeong, and raised righteous army like Ki Woo-man and Ki Sam-yeon during the Eulmi Incident. When Choi Ik-hyun and Lim Byung-chan raised the righteous army, they protested in Changpyeong in response. When Choi Ik-hyun was arrested and the righteous army was dispersed, he unfolded a united front with Yang Han-gyu of Namwon and occupied Namwon-eup. When Yang Han-kyu died, he recovered the scattered soldiers and returned to Hwashun. Ko Kwang-soon was active on the stage of Neungju, Dongbok, Gurye, Gwangyang, and Suncheon in Hwasun, but when his power weakened, he disbanded the army and retired in Changpyeong. In August 1907, he, along with Go Je-ryang, Ko Gwang-hoon, Shin Deok-gyun, and Yoon Young-ki, raised righteous army again in Changpyeong and attacked Dongbok's patrol post. After that, while staying at Yeongoksa Temple in Gurye, he called in righteous army from all over the country, and about 1,000 righteous army responded from Dongbok, Suncheon, Gokseong, Gwangyang, and Gurye. However, 13 people, including Ko Kwang-soon, were killed at Yeongoksa Temple in Gurye on September 17. Baek Nak-gu raised righteous army with Lee Hang-seon, Nowon-jip, Chae Sang-soon, and Yoo Byung-woo, who are living in Gwangyang, and dispatched to surprise Suncheon-eup on September 20, 1906. However, cheering units from all over the country were arrested and exiled to Gogeumdo Island while waiting because they could not arrive due to a mistake in contact. He was released in the spring of 1907, joined the righteous army, and died in Taein. As such, there have been several righteous army uprisings in various parts of Honam even after Choi Ik-hyeon.