After the meeting for the integration of the three divisions broke down in November 1928, representatives of each division attempted to re-integrate according to the power and movement methodology of the three divisions. Thus, the three branches were resolved spontaneously and the formation of the Innovation Council and the Ministry of the People's Department was seen. In late December 1928, Ji Cheong-cheon, along with several comrades such as Kim Dong-sam, Kim Jwa-jin, and Kim Seung-hak, held a representative meeting for the unification of the three parts in Gilin to form an innovation council. The Innovation Council made major tasks such as active assistance in facilitating the Grand Party, prevention of military advance and enemy invasion, organization of legal Chinese local governments, and handling of remnants. With the birth of the Innovation Council, administrative management of the existing jurisdiction of the Ministry of Justice and the newly created jurisdiction of the Ministry of National Affairs became a problem. In other words, a temporary conflict was created between the Innovation Council and the Ministry of People. However, the mutual competition between these two independence movement groups was by no means beneficial. Eventually, when the Ministry of People was organized in South Manchuria in April 1929, the Innovation Council, which was a temporary administrative organization, was officially disbanded in May of the same year without forming a unified military government. It can be said that this was a measure to prevent internal strife of the independence movement camp. The most important task decided when the Innovation Council was established was to form the only national party. As a result of efforts to form the only national party, the Innovation Council organized the National Unrivaled Party Jaeman Policy Committee. Bookjinhoe decided on the following three policies, first to encourage general constituent elements to advance to the foundation of the party's composition, second to organize the inherent contradictions of the Manchurian Revolution, and third to prevent evil invasion. It is presumed that the Chaekjinhoe wanted to receive weapons and food support through old age because it is very difficult in Manchuria to have armament, the basis of the increasingly blatant Japanese invasion of Manchuria. The executive members of the committee decided to move to their respective activity base areas to cultivate military revolutionary talent to strengthen the independence movement camp, systematically strive to form a unique national party, and raise funds to secure financial armed forces. Jicheongcheon moved to Oh Sang-hyeon, Gilim Province, Chung Ha-jin, organized a growth company, along with Hongjin, Lee Jang-nyeong, Kim Jwa-jin, and Hwanghak-soo, and began work to raise funds for the independence movement. However, these activities faced difficulties as the communist camp was working to break down the nationalist camp at the time. At that time, China's political situation was a time when the state-run joint venture broke down after the national revolution, and conflicts and confrontations between the Chinese People's Party and the Chinese Communist Party were sharpened. Accordingly, the Chinese Communist Party took an armed uprising line and tried to overthrow the Kuomintang by triggering communist lines from all over the country. Behind this policy was the influence of Comintern. As the policies of the Korean-Chinese Youth Alliance and the Japanese Peasant Alliance were reflected in the communist camp in Manchuria, communist organizations such as the Korean Youth Alliance in China and the Japanese Peasant Alliance turned their policies toward the struggle against the nationalist camp. Thus, Korean communists declared that the only nationalist organization was unnecessary and withdrew from the only party movement, and joined the Chinese Communist Party under the principle of one party. And he developed a struggle against the nationalist camp. Until the late 1920s, it can be said that the anti-Japanese war overcame ideological differences under the common goal of; and the union between nationalism and communism was realized. However, by 1930, the confrontation and conflict between the communist and nationalist camps in Manchuria began in earnest. At that time, Oh Sang-hyun and Chung Ha-jin also killed Park Il-man, a communist Hongdo, who was active as a breeding death, and even Ji Cheong-cheon tried to execute him through an open trial, but failed and fled. In the meantime, the Chinese authorities issued a deportation order to Korean farmers in the region, citing the murder case. Eventually, the farmers of Chunghajin left for other regions, reflecting on the sorrows of the people who lost their country. Thus, the growing history activities, which had been developed with the aim of liberating Korean farmers in a serfs state and expanding funds for the independence movement, also ended without achieving the desired purpose. Meanwhile, Kim Jwa-jin, who moved to Bukmanju, the original base of activity, after working as the only national party Jaemanchaekjin Association along with Kim Dong-sam and Ji Cheong-cheon, was assassinated by Park Sang-sil, a member of the Goryeo Communist Youth Association. In the late 1920s and early 30s, the situation in Manchuria was becoming more urgent. When Manchuria's warlord Jang Jak-rim was killed in a bombing by a conspiracy by Japanese Kwandong-gun, his son, Hak Hak-ryang, pledged to be loyal to the Kuomintang government in December of that year and took an obvious anti-Japanese line. In addition, the national independence movement of Koreans in Japan, which has been continuing since the March 1st Movement, was also facing a new turning point through the One and Only Party Chokseong Movement. As the anti-Japanese atmosphere of the two major ethnic groups living in Manchuria rises, and if the anti-Japanese struggle between Korea and China is combined, of course, Manchuria will deviate from Japan's domination. In the long run, it is predicted that independence of Joseon will be possible. In this situation, nationalist leaders, who have been striving to build autonomous administrative agencies and strengthen armed activities of Manchuria Koreans, have made more efforts to form an organization for the unity of the nationalist camp based on their activities. In July 1930, about 40 national leaders, including Hongjin, Shinsuk, Jicheongcheon, Hwanghaksu, and Lee Jangnyeong, agreed to form the Korean Independence Party at Kim Kwang-taek's house in Wiha Prefecture, and established the party and party rules. The main party of the Korea Independence Party defeats its enemy, Japan's invading forces, restores 5,000 years of independent land and sovereignty, builds a true democratic republic based on equality in politics, economy, and education, and further promotes equality and happiness of mankind around the world. Korean Independence Party policy First, it defeats the invading forces of Japan, the head of the country, and acquires complete sovereignty of the Korean people. Second, it drives out feudal forces and all counter-revolutionary forces and establishes the Manchurian ruling regime. Third, it eliminates the economic system in which minorities steal the majority and builds an equal system in people's lives. Fourth, a local government system is implemented in units of counties. Fifth, carry out the armed forces of the people. Sixth, the people have all the right to vote and to be elected. Seventh, the people have freedom of speech, assembly, publication, association, and faith. Eighth, the rights of men and women are the same. Ninth, large-scale production organizations and agricultural enterprises are state-owned. Tenth, land is nationalized and distributed evenly to farmers. Eleven, all economic activities of the people are unified under the leadership of the state. Twelve, it guarantees freedom of public agricultural movement. Thirteenth, a progressive tax system is implemented. Fourteen, as a national economy, two types of education are implemented: duty and occupation. Fifteenth, establish public projects such as nursing care, childcare, and relief. Sixteenth, all property of the nationality and the public property of Japan, the head of the Joseon Dynasty, are confiscated. Seventeenth, in accordance with the principles of freedom, equality, and good luck, it supports the liberation movement of oppressed ethnic groups around the world. At the formation meeting, the Central Executive Committee was formed consisting of six departments, including military, general affairs, accounting, organization, inspection, and propaganda, after enacting the Danggang and Danggyu. In addition, the specific operation policy was decided by the Central Executive Committee. The members of the Central Executive Committee of the Korea Independent Party are as follows. Central Executive Committee Chairman Hong Jin, General Executive Committee Chairman Shin Sook, Military Chairman Ji Chung-cheon, Executive Committee Chairman, Choi Ho, Executive Committee Chairman Nam Dae-gwan, Propagation Committee Chairman An Hoon, Party Organization, etc. Thus, a representative meeting was held in Yeongan-hyeon, and the following specific organization of the Korea Independence Party was completed. Chairman Hong Jin Advisors Yeo Jun, Lee Tak, Yoon Gak, Kim Dong-sam, Kim Chang-hwan, Vice Chairman Lee Jin-san, Hwang Hak-soo, Lee Jang-nyeong, Kim Gyu-sik, executive committee members Hong Jin, Lee Jin-san, Lee Hak-soo, Lee Hak-soo, Kim Hak-cheon, Kim Chang-sik, Kim Chang-sik, Deputy Commissioner of General Affairs, Lee Kwan-il and Kim Dong-jin. Civil government committee members Jeon Seong-ho, Kim Hae-gang, Lee Kwan-il, military deputy Ji Cheong-cheon, Oh Kwang-sun, Minmu, Lee Bung-hae, Kim Cheong-nong, Choi Man-chwi, Son Moo-young, Jeong Nam-jeon, Gong Chang-jun, Park Kwan-hae, Cho Un-dal, Cho Kyung-han, propaganda committee members. If you look closely at the organization of the Korean Independence Party, you can see that the Korean Independence Party focuses more on military activities than anything else. The Korea Independence Party decided to organize a party military with local and old branches, divide Jeon Man-ju into 15 districts to recruit recruits, train them in advance for three months, and actively conduct party members or youth education to prevent them from being involved in the propaganda of communist forces.
Since the Korea Independence Party was an illegal secret association organization, legal administrative agencies were urgently needed to effectively cope with the mounting attacks of communist forces at the time while effectively carrying out anti-Japanese struggles. Accordingly, in August 1930, at the suggestion of Hongjin, Shinsuk, and Lee Jangnyeong, the Hanjok Autonomous Federation was formed in Hadong, Juha-hyeon. The Korean People's Association was basically an association of local residents' associations that engaged in autonomous activities, but considering that organizations such as the Ministry of Military, Propaganda, and the Ministry of Education were formed, it can be seen that they tried to carry out various activities for the anti-Japanese movement. However, Jung Shin, along with Minmu and Hongjin, was killed by Lee Jong-rak, a member of the Communist Party, while trying to strengthen the local organization of the Han Chinese Autonomous Federation, and Baek Un-bong and Go-gi, who heard farmers' resentment due to excessive abuse of authority, killed Noeun Kim Gyu-sik. In addition to these disputes, the Hanjok Autonomous Federation was eventually disbanded because it was no longer possible to survive due to the slander of communist forces against the nationalist camp. As a result of active activities to expand the party's power and strengthen its military power, the number of party members exceeded 10,000 and the ruling military district in charge expanded to 36 regions by the end of 1931. While the Hinguk Independence Party was striving to expand its power and anti-power base, the Japanese colonial rule finally spread the magic of the invasion to the Manchuria area and provoked the Manchurian Incident, which was September 18, 1931. In this desperate situation, the leadership of the Korean Independence Party decided to resolve the existing confrontation and unite for the development of the independence movement in consultation with the Ministry of People, the Joseon Revolution Party, and the Return Party. In addition, the leaders of the Korean Independence Party, such as Hongjin, Shinsuk, and Jicheongcheon, created the Korean Independence Army based on preparations so far to fight against the military power of Japan, which began the invasion of Manchuria. In the face of the Manchurian Incident, Ji Cheong-cheon predicted the military strategy and international situation for armed anti-Japanese struggle as follows. "This invocation of the Japanese enemy will not only invade Manchuria, but will also invade the Chinese continent and other regions within the Sanhaigwan in the future, and this result will surely lead to a world war. Then, the opportunity and justification for Korean independence will sprout here. From now on, we can jointly operate with the armed anti-Japanese struggle units at the bottom of Manchuria to obtain all the supplies of weapons and ammunition, and furthermore, if we participate in the World Alliance's engagement operation together, we will surely gain independence at the postwar reinforcement conference. In this perception, the following points are noted. First, it is predicted that Japan's invasion of Manchuria will not stop there, but will lead to an armed invasion into mainland China in the future and eventually expand to World War. At that time, Japan was constantly taking an expansion policy due to the nature of imperialism, accelerating armed invasion centered on the military. And in reality, following the Manchuria invasion, it invaded mainland China in 1937. Second, it is predicted that Manchuria, which became the stage for the anti-Japanese struggle, will fight in partnership with the Chinese military. Since the March 1st Movement in 1919, there have been large and small anti-Japanese battles, including the Cheongsan-ri Battle, but this can be said to have been a short-term and decentralized battle. Therefore, in the wake of Japan's invasion of Manchuria, the Chinese army, which raised anti-Japanese awareness, launched a large-scale regular war in the long run, leading to the prospect of promoting the end of Japanese imperialism and independence of their homeland. It can be said that the fact that the Korean Independence Army decided to engage in an all-out war by combining the armed forces of each country is also with long-term and large-scale anti-Japanese warfare in mind. Third, it is predicted that the Manchurian Incident will ultimately lead to World War and that the Korean Independence Army will participate in the World War as a coalition engagement organization, strengthening the position of Korean independence after the end of the war. Under the prospect of this military strategy, the Korean Independence Party held an emergency central committee meeting in Daeseokha on November 3, 1931, and decided to convert future activities into military forces against Japan and cooperate with the Chinese military. Ji Cheong-cheon formed the general command of the Korean Independence Army, the party forces of the Korean Independence Party, and dispatched Oh Kwang-seon, Heo Kyung-sam, Wang Deok-sam, Jo Gyeong-han, and Kwon Deuk-soo to each military to start conscription. Each region's conscripted unit was organized into 3 and 3 systems, with 30 people forming one platoon, and the 3rd platoon consisted of 1 platoon and 3rd platoon consisted of 1 platoon. The conscripts of the Korean Independence Army were veterans under the age of 40 or young people. Meanwhile, Shinsuk and Jicheongcheon established a temporary system of the Korean Independence Army to carry out urgent military activities first before veterans and young people were convened in each region. Commander-in-chief Ji Cheong-cheon, Deputy Commander-in-chief Nam Dae-gwan, Chief of Staff Shin Sook, and Diplomat Ahn Yasan, Commander of the Volunteer Army, Oh Kwang-sun, Commander of the Volunteer Army platoon, Lee Chun-jeong, Assassination Captain Lee Woo-jung. In the early days, the size of the unit was about 150. However, this organization method can be said to be a general example of the formation of armed forces with a kind of militia or military character. In addition, considering that it is not such an easy task to establish armed groups under the conditions of overseas without a national base, the establishment of such a small combat unit should be considered of great significance. Ji Cheongcheon, the commander-in-chief of the Korean Independence Army, deployed Shin Sook and Namdaegwan to meet with Jeong Cho, the commander of the Middle East Railway Command, and Ko Bong-rim, the head of the 3rd Army. When the leaders of the Guilimjawi Army Commander Lee Doo and the Middle East Railroad Commander Jeong Cho positively accepted the offer from the Korean Independence Army, Jicheongcheon Stream was appointed as the worst, Oh Gwang-seon, Shim Man-ho, and Choi Cheong-nong. At this time, the promises made to each other were as follows. 1. Regardless of the poor environment, the Hanjungyang-gun pledges a long-term war. 2. Boundary on the Middle East Railway, the Western Front is handled by the Chinese Guguk Army, the Eastern Front is handled by the Korean Independence Army, 3. The Korean Independence Army's wartime training is borne by the Korean Independence Army, and the Korean Independence Army's Soyo body is supplied by the Chinese army. What is noteworthy here is that military supplies are supplied by Chinese volunteer forces, but the Korean Independent Army is in charge of the eastern front and conducts military training independently. Therefore, from this point of view, although it was supported by military supplies from China, it can be seen that the Korean Independent Army planned to carry out independent operations while maintaining it as an independent unit. Meanwhile, conscription activities from all over the country went smoothly, and Oh Kwang-sun and Lee Eung-seo recruited three battalions and arrived at the command first, and three battalions were recruited from the landscaping limit Seoran and Gilim to join the command. And in the other two places, the conscription activities went smoothly, and the march began toward the headquarters. As large and small units from all over the country arrived at the headquarters one after another, Ji Cheong-cheon soon changed the organization of the Korean Independence Army from a small-scale guerrilla battle organization to a large-scale regular battle. General Commander Ji Cheong-cheon Deputy Commander Kim Chang-hwan, Chief of Staff Shin Hak-soo, Chief of Staff Shin Sook, Chief of Staff Cho Gyeong-han, Choi Myung-soo, Kim Sang-deok, Deputy Minister of Sculpture, Choi Man-chu, Lee Hanhae In Nammanju, the Joseon Revolutionary Army, led by Ko Yi-he, Yang Se-bong, and Park Dae-ho, fought against the Japanese by conducting joint operations with Chinese volunteer forces.
댓글 없음:
댓글 쓰기