2022년 3월 11일 금요일

Anti-Japanese War of Independence and General Ji Cheongcheon of Baeksan Mountain. 11. Liberation came true, but... (1)

 In early 1947, when the People's Army in North Korea became powerful and communist forces took control of the nearby Manchuria area, Rhee Syng-man, who came to China after visiting the United States, returned to Korea and offered cooperation in the founding project. Thus, since Jicheongcheon Stream was exiled to Manchuria after the March 1 Independence Movement in 1919, it returned to its homeland almost 30 years after the years of armed independence movement and Pungchan homelessness. Jang Gae-seok did a favor by letting Rhee Syng-man and Ji Cheong-cheon use their favorite plane, Jagangho. On April 22, 1947, he arrived at his country where he was painting in Mongmae, but Ji Cheong-cheon's feelings were not just happy. Ji Cheong-cheon recalled comrades, seniors, and subordinates who were famous under the sky without seeing liberation in the ranks of the troubled anti-Japanese struggle. He recruited righteous army as a catcher, actively fought against Japan, set up the most brilliant major in the Battle of Japan as the vanguard of independence forces, but led Hong Bum-do, a former Korean soldier, to a great victory.Yeo Jun, Lee Jang-nyeong, who were sacrificed in the midst of the anti-Japanese struggle for a long time, Yang Ki-tak, Kim Chang-hwan, Ko Go-gi, and Kim Gyu-sik, who was assassinated by a traitor on the independence movement, and his life in the anti-Japanese independence war. Although their country was independent at their expense, the confusion of their country was too severe, such as trust rule, domestic political turmoil, inter-Korean division, and accumulated people's livelihoods. Therefore, Ji Cheong-cheon's trial to return to his liberated country, leaving behind the struggling anti-Japanese struggle, seemed to bear a "heavy burden" of future founding activities and the completion of a complete independent state rather than thrilled joy. It can also be said to be the beginning of new hardships and distress. Ji Cheong-cheon had never thought of himself as a politician and regarded himself as an eternal armed force. Thus, even after returning to Korea, priority activities were started for the formation of the Korean Armed Forces, which is important for the true independence of the country. After returning to Korea, Ji Cheong-cheon established a plan to establish the ROK Armed Forces in Manchuria, Siberia, and China to establish a military base through US aid, revealing that military activities in Korea are important in organizing world order in East Asia. In order to unify youth activities, Ji Cheong-cheon interviewed with the Supreme Council member of the Joseon Youth Party to discuss the future career path of the youth movement. In addition, at the National Youth Federation Meeting for Promoting Independence, Ji Cheong-cheon insisted on the integration of youth organizations with the support of Rhee Syng-man. Thus, on August 7, representatives of each organization met at the Liberation Youth Association Hall to developmentally dismantle each youth organization and formally form the Daedong Youth Corps Preparatory Committee. Although the Korean Youth Corps opposed the integration, three political leaders Syngman Rhee, Gu Kim, and Gyu-sik Kim actively supported the unification of the youth movement, and Ji Cheong-cheon overcame difficulties and formed the Daedong Youth Party on September 21, 1947. General Ji Cheong-cheon, who took office as the head of the Daedong Youth Party, gave the following speeches at the presence of national leaders such as Oh Se-chang, Shin Ik-hee, Cho Sung-hwan, and Kim Gu. "I will try to revive Korea. The complete independence of the country can be achieved by the youth in one lump, and although Na Ji-cheong-cheon is old, he will fight only for the complete independence of his country with young people. I support the general election to solve the urgent problem of regaining our sovereignty. Supporting Dr. Syngman Rhee is the most effective way to achieve our independence." Daedong Youth Party consists of 109 members, including Ji Cheong-cheon, Lee Sun-geun, and Oh Kwang-sun, and Kim Yoon-geun and 14 other inspectors. Daedong Youth Party, formed by General Ji Cheong-cheon for the construction of the military, a basic element of an independent state, conducted military training to cultivate construction talents despite the poor situation that groups other than the guards could not arm themselves under the U.S. military government. In December, training centers were set up in Seoul, Daegu, Daejeon, Masan, Gwangju, Yecheon, and Jinju, but military training with weapons was impossible due to the disapproval of the U.S. military government. However, focusing on mental and physical training, he taught Korean geography, military principles of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, military tactics, and weapons manipulation methods. In addition, Jicheongcheon Stream planned to open a training center in the north if the 3.8th line was removed, but this did not come true, and in early 1948, training centers were also opened in Hongseong, Yuseong, and Chuncheon. However, due to financial difficulties and refusal of sponsorship by the U.S. military government, these training did not proceed smoothly. Meanwhile, the Daedong Youth Party insisted on anti-trust in accordance with Ji Cheong-cheon's conventional position and supported the general election to escape the U.S. military government system as soon as possible. In order to end the military administration as soon as possible, the government should be promoted by holding general elections under UN officials to independent the country and if the Soviet Union refuses to hold a general election. In March 1943, the National Assembly issued a statement stating the establishment of the central government by the general election, the abolition of the 3.8th term, and the guarantee of absolute independence through joining the UN after the establishment of the central government. 1. Forming the National Assembly with the general election of the Geumban and establishing a central government will enter the general election with the strictest attitude under the outpost of the first stage of a full-fledged campaign for reunification of the two Koreas. Since the 2.3.8th election is an international pledge, the UN will also take responsibility for the abolition as soon as possible. 3. The central government established by the general election will be officially affiliated with the UN and at the same time, absolute independence will be recognized to exclude other interference. In addition, Ji Cheong-cheon was elected as a standing member of the national delegation to solve all problems related to the general election and consult with the UN Committee at the representatives' meeting of each political party's social organization held on March 5. However, Kim Gu opposed South Korea's sole general election and visited North Korea with Kim Kyu-sik to negotiate with Kim Il-sung and Kim Doo-bong, but failed to achieve any clear results due to the Soviet Union's refusal to hold the general election. After that, Kim Gu was assassinated by Ahn Doo-hee, who was instructed by Kim Chang-ryong and Nodeok-sul, and there were few political leaders in South Korea to keep Rhee Syng-man in check. Ji Cheong-cheon, who decided to participate in the 5.10 election of the Daedong Youth Party, ran as a candidate for the National Assembly in Seongdong-gu, Seoul, and was elected to the first parliament with the most votes in the country. At this time, the Daedong Youth Party had as many as 13 elected members of the National Assembly, which was a great achievement considering that the Daedong Youth Party was a youth organization, not a political party, and thus had no financial support or political ideology. The first parliament in Korea to establish a democratic government elected Rhee Syng-man as chairman and Shin Ik-hee and Kim Dong-won as vice-chairmen. Ji Cheong-cheon was appointed as a "basic member of the Constitution and Government Organization Act" and began to revise the Government Organization Act with Kim Sang-deok, Baek Gwan-soo, Lee Yoon-young, Kim Ik-ki, Hong Ik-pyo, and Shin Hyun-don. Ji Cheong-cheon submitted a proposal to the plenary session of the National Assembly to build strong defense capabilities to cope with confusion and external aggression in the founding project. In order to build an important defense force in the founding country, it was necessary to organize a defense meeting that could be dedicated to him first, but this agenda was not implemented, and the construction work was delayed and the defense power weakened. In the process of establishing the government, the argument that defense power should be strengthened first was not accepted by Rhee Syng-man, and when the Korean War broke out later, Ji Cheong-cheon said, "President Lee Seung-man did not listen to me and eventually things happened." After the constitution was enacted, Rhee Syng-man was elected president by presidential election, and Lee Si-young was appointed vice president. However, Syngman Rhee did not nominate strong supporters such as Cho So-ang, Shin Ik-hee, and Kim Sung-soo, who were rising from the public to become prime ministers by checking the powerful forces, but named Lee Yoon-young as an objection. However, when the National Assembly rejected Lee Yoon-young's consent to appoint him as prime minister, Rhee Syng-man nominated Lee Bum-seok this time. In the nomination of the prime minister, the National Assembly initially decided to oppose the nomination and asked Syngman Rhee to reconsider it, but later refusing to nominate the second prime minister would delay the establishment of the government and cause problems in the National Assembly. In addition, Lee Bum-seok was approved as prime minister in the National Assembly held under the judgment of the government's decision, relief that the establishment of the government would be delayed for a week due to the appointment of the prime minister. Afterwards, Syngman Rhee entered the cabinet formation, Ahn Ho-sang as Minister of Education, Jeon Jin-jin as Minister of Social Affairs, Yoon Chi-young as Minister of Home Affairs, Cho Bong-am as Minister of Agriculture, Lim Young-shin as Minister of Commerce and Industry, Lee Bum-seok as Minister of Communication, and Yoon Seok-gu as Minister of Foreign Affairs.

There were many voices of criticism in the general public, organizations of each political party, and the media over this cabinet camp for neglecting public opinion and public opinion too much. In the midst of this, as public anger rose to me, the State Council decided and negotiated with Kim Sung-soo and Lee Yoon-young to appoint Ji Chung-cheon as a free-standing State Council member as a stopgap measure, but all were rejected. Thus, the media at the time expressed concern that the government would face difficulties in the future. Afterwards, at 1 p.m. on the 13th, the U.S. State Department finally officially approved the Korean government, and the Korean government was established on the 15th. However, the strengthening of the defense power that Ji Cheong-cheon had wished for did not take place, and the first president Rhee Syng-man was promoting the administration in a mess, filling the State Council with his secretaries. Eventually, on October 20, the Yeosu and Suncheon revolts broke out, proving that the Rhee Syngman administration was a poor underdog. Ji Cheong-cheon, along with Seo Sang-il and Kim Joon-yeon, formed an emergency committee and submitted an agenda to the National Assembly to strengthen military power by dissolving and integrating youth groups that were not immediately implemented after the establishment of the government. However, the Rhee Syng-man regime did not take practical measures to strengthen its defense capabilities, citing the position that the government could not take responsibility because the rebellion was caused by communists.

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