China's Cultural Revolution Mao Zedong's Nonsense

 The political and social turmoil that shook Chinese society for 10 years from the fall of 1965 led by Mao Zedong. This revolution, called the "Musan Cultural Revolution" in China, not only shook Chinese society violently as a socialist social revolution movement, but also left it in unprecedented chaos and shocked the world. In particular, the sudden emergence of the Red Guards movement under the slogan "Giovanni Yuri" in the summer of 66 and the succession of political leaders and the establishment of Mao Zedong absolute power were unexpected changes. [Regulations at the time] In China, the Cultural Revolution at that time was emphasized as a "revolution that moves the soul of people", and officially defined the "New stage of the Chinese socialist revolution" as distinguishing. The Cultural Revolution was based on Mao Zedong's instruction to the entire Party and the whole people at the 10th Plenary Session of the 8th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in September 1962. [3 aspects] The Cultural Revolution consistently has the characteristics of a power struggle within the Communist Party of China and a popular movement of intra-party struggles, but there are three aspects: political, ideological, and social. Politically, Mao Zedong's absolute authority was established in the first stage of the Cultural Revolution, and a new political leadership was established, with Lin Biao as chairman of the State Council and Mao Zedong's successor. However, it also showed that it was impossible to escape from the so-called powerful forces, including Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping, unless led by the People's Liberation Army centered on Lin Biao, which showed internal contradictions in China's power crisis. The shocking Lin Biaoyu incident in September 1971 proved this. Ideologically, the Cultural Revolution had an aspect of fundamentally changing the conventional sense of culture or value, as initially appeared as <Moon Ye-pung>. There was a question of how socialist society inherited human cultural heritage at its development stage, and in this respect, China seemed to be trying to thoroughly rewrite its civilization history, but the absolutization of Mao Zedong Thought only resulted in a function of systematic ideology. Socially, he sought to transform Chinese society by pursuing the so-called "Utopia of Poverty", and Mao Zedong's consciousness had the idea of breaking down the new stratification of Chinese society centered on urban elites. The Hangzhou Incident in the summer of 1975 and the Tiananmen Square incident in April 1976 were a popular rebellion against Mao Zedong's politics, and in October of the same year, Mao Zedong's close aide, "Sainbang", was overthrown. Mao Tse-tung announced the opening of the Literature Revolution in Shanghai, where the so-called Zhang Qing Literature Salon gathered, and on November 10, 1965, young literary critic Yao Wenyuan, then secretary of the Shanghai City Party Committee, published a new historical drama called Haepa. The criticism of Wuhan expanded to Beijing's leading intellectuals, the so-called Samga Village Group, and soon the party's Beijing City Party Committee was fiercely criticized as a stronghold of the powerful, and the mayor of Beijing (the first secretary of the party's Beijing City Committee). In this process, in early April 66, the Party Committee of Beijing was reorganized, and on April 18, the editorial of the People's Liberation Army, the People's Liberation Army, first officially identified this series of processes as the "Proletarian Cultural Revolution." Subsequently, on May 16, the Party's central <Notice>, which served as a signal trumpet for the Cultural Revolution, was promulgated, and the Party's central cultural and revolutionary group (Leader 伯達,, First Deputy General Zhangjing) was established. Soon on May 25, Nye Yuanz, a young female teacher at Beijing University, posted a cover letter criticizing principal Lu Ping and others as members of the "Uncle Group." On June 1, Mao Tse-tung ordered the Daejabo to be broadcast nationwide and praised it as the "Declaration of Paris in the 60s of China in the 20th Century." On June 3, the announcement of the dismissal of Feng Zhen and the reorganization of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee announced the collapse of the powerful stronghold, and Lin Biao's achievements in maintaining Mao Zedong Thought began to be widely reported. In August 66 the 8th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. On August 5, during the session, Mao Zedong attached <Let's Shelling the Command-My Great Self-Portrait>, and on August 8, <Decision on the Cultural Revolution of the Proletariat> was announced. However, on August 18, 66 at Cheonan Gate Square, the Red Guards, who gathered at the first 1 million rally, entered major cities across the country and carried out violent old culture destruction activities praising Mao Zedong Thought. The Cultural Revolution changed from a street struggle centered on the Red Guards to a struggle for powerlessness. However, the resistance of the real power group was persistent, and as the armed struggle between secession and anti-decentralization continued in various places, the People's Liberation Army under Lin Biao decided on January 23, 1967 to intervene fully. In Shanghai's struggle to withdraw from power called the January Revolution, the rebels in Shanghai began to envision commune-type power, but Mao Zedong and other central parties suddenly suppressed this commune plan. This became a turning point for the Cultural Revolution, and then Mao Zedong and Lin Biao Liquor appealed for the revolutionary faction's withdrawal from power by the Great Union and appealed for the establishment of a revolutionary committee. Against this backdrop, the 9th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (abbreviated as the 9th National Congress) was held in April 69 for the first time in 13 years since the 56th National Congress. The Ninth Plenary Session marked a major turning point in the Cultural Revolution, and at the same time was a ceremony to establish Mao Zedong's unparalleled authority and promote Lin Biao as Mao Zedong's successor. Cheon Bo-da, a close aide to Mao Zedong and a leader of the Cultural Revolution Group, was demoted at the 9th Second Plenary Session from August to September 1970 because it was called "Daeyasimga and Conspiracy." It was Lin Biaoyu that happened in this situation. The Linbiao Incident remains a mystery to this day, but in July 1973, Chinese authorities announced that Linbiao fell to death in Mongolia after failing to kill Mao Zedong. The Communist Party of China's 10th National Congress was held in August 1973, after a serious incident called the Linbiao Incident, which was the major conclusion of the Cultural Revolution. At the 10th National Congress, a new central leadership was elected after adopting Zhou Enlai's political report and Wang Hong-won's report on the revision of the party regulations. Mao Zedong was elected as the chairman of the Central Committee and Lin Biao was the only vice-chairman at the ninth round, while five people were elected, including Zhou Enlai, Wang Hong-won, Kang Sung, Ye Jianying, and Li Li Deng. The 10th National Congress showed a ceremony that carried out Lin Biao's execution and criticism of the Soviet Union in a grand manner, but it also confirmed the size of "Non-Mao Zedonghwa under Mao Zedonghwa" and "Tidal Current" aiming for the post-cultural revolution. However, on the other hand, the Confucius Critique and the Emperor Yechan movements, which took place before and after the 10th World War, soon became the "Birim Bikong" movement, and the internal axis of the late Mao Zedong regime gradually intensified. The Hangzhou incident, which took place in the summer of 1975, was an incident in which the army overpowered the confusion around Hangzhou caused by the alliance strike to demand higher wages for factory workers, and the Mao Zedong system's terminal social contradictions. In this way, Prime Minister Zhou Enlai died of illness on January 8, 1976, amid the internal struggle between "bird" and "anti-bird". Deputy Prime Minister Deng Xiaoping, who read the investigation at his funeral, dared to pledge the succession of the "Four Modernizations" line to the face of the Cultural Revolution leader, causing great anxiety among the Cultural Revolutionists. In early February, Hua Guofeng of the non-Shanghai group of Munhyeokpa was nominated by Mao Zedong as acting prime minister of the State Council, but it was the Tiananmen Square incident that occurred as a public protest against such a "reversal current." The Central Committee of the Party convicted this case as a counterrevolution case and dismissed Deng Xiaoping from all positions, but when the Tiananmen Square incident was later reevaluated, the Tiananmen Square was the most powerful of the popular rebellion under Mao Zedong. Under these circumstances, when Mao Zedong died on September 9, 1976, China's power center intensified the struggle for succession power within Mao Zedong's close confidant system without time to mourn his death. Taking Mao Zedong's death as a decisive opportunity, on October 7th, things will be handled on a "definite basis."The Huaguofeng system was formed at once with the shocking Beijing coup in which all of the literary and revolutionary Shanghai groups, "Sainbang", who quickly insisted on Mao Zedong's succession to power, were overthrown. In this way, Huaguofeng presented his legitimacy as a successor to Mao Zedong as another Mao Zedong's motto, "If you do it, I'm relieved." However, "Shadow of Mao Zedong" soon clouded Huo Guofeng's political future as a whole of China's internal affairs progressed, and in July 1977, Deng Xiaoping was revived at the Third Plenary Session of the 10th Communist Party of China. At the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in August of the same year, "Four Modernizations" among the new party conventions were specified, and at the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in December 1978, it was decided as a unified national goal. In this way, China has largely shifted to the route of today's "Four Modernizations." [Today's evaluation] On October 1, 1979, in celebration of the 30th anniversary of the founding of China, Ye Jianying first pointed out the mistakes of the Cultural Revolution.

In June 1981, the Cultural Revolution was officially denied by the Party's resolution on some historical issues since its foundation by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Communist Party of China. Source: Naver