The sovereignty of Gando Island is in Korea.

 Gando has been an active stage of the Korean people, centering on Baekdusan Mountain, Songhwagang River, and Heukryonggang River, since Wanggeom Dangun founded Gojoseon in the past. Gojoseon, Goguryeo, and Balhae were all great countries that dominated the Manchuria area, and in particular, Baekdusan Mountain was regarded as the birthplace of the people. Even during the Goryeo Dynasty, the southwestern part of Manchuria, including Gilimseong Fortress and Heukryonggangseong Fortress, was a territory of the Korean people, and Gongheomjin was located in at least 700-ri north of the Dumangang River, which was founded by Yun Gwan, who founded Byeolmuban in 1108. However, until the early Joseon Dynasty, Kando Island only maintained its reputation as a buffer zone between neighboring countries. Since the founding of the Qing Dynasty in Manchuria in 1616, the influx of Koreans has been frequent, resulting in military and diplomatic friction between the two countries. At that time, there was no clear border in the Gando area, and residents were not very aware of the border and flowed according to the convenience of life. Accordingly, in 1627, the Qing Dynasty established a kind of buffer zone, Gonggwangji, in the alternative areas of the Yalu River and the Tuman River. In 1689, a treaty was signed between Qing and Russia, and the upper part of the Heukryonggang River became the border between Qing and Russia. The reason why the Blue House became interested in the Gando area, which had been set as a buffer area, was that Russia felt the need to check it as it moved south to the coast of the Heukryong River. After that, from 1709, Cheong began to investigate the mountains and topography of Baekdusan Mountain. In 1710, the diplomatic relationship between Joseon and Qing Dynasty developed into a very difficult situation as the incident occurred in which Lee Man-gun and eight others of the Qing Dynasty killed five people and looted property across the border. Accordingly, King Seongjo, the fourth emperor of the Qing Dynasty, ordered a group of Mokgeukdeung to build a Jeonggyebi monument on the border between the Yalu River to the west and the Tomun River to the east in 1712 at the watershed of Baekdusan Mountain. Eventually, at this time, the 19,000의 of Seogando Island became the land of the Qing Dynasty, and only the Bukgando Island area in the east bordering the Tomungang River remained as the land of Joseon. However, the political monument of Baekdusan Mountain was not by agreement between Joseon and the Qing Dynasty, and even the interpretation of the place names mentioned in the political monument was mixed, which became the seed of the territorial dispute between the two countries. In 1885 and 1887, a persimmon story was held between the Joseon Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. Cheong's attitude toward the former Jongjuguk and arrogant attitude struck Tomungang River as the Dumangang River. Accordingly, Lee Joong-ha, the Joseon Dynasty's Tomungang Gamgyesa, strongly protested that even if the neck could be cut off, our country could not reduce an inch, and the talks broke down. The Qing Dynasty argued that the Tomungang River, Domungang River, and Dumangang River were the same river, exemplifying the same pronunciation. In response, Joseon countered that the Tomungang River was marked as an upper stream of the Songhwagang River on various maps of China as evidence, and that it was a separate river that was completely different from the Tumen River.    The name of the Tomungang River is written as Tomunha in the whole map of China, and the origin of the Songhwagang River is also marked as the upper stream of the Songhwagang River, as well as the Songhwagang River. The dispute was temporarily suspended due to the Russo-Japanese War, but Japan, which deprived the Korean Empire of diplomatic rights through Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905, signed a 1909 Kando Agreement to swallow Manchuria as a whole and handed over our land to China. The most fundamental purpose of China's push for the Northeast Process to incorporate Goguryeo history and Balhae history into its own history is to keep Kando, a legitimate Korean territory, in its own territory forever. Currently, many Korean-Chinese live in Northeast Samsung, including the Gando area. The Chinese authorities continue to provide brainwashing education to these Korean-Chinese that their identities are not in South Korea and North Korea, but in China. From China's point of view, it is necessary to crush the unification of South and North Koreans and expand political influence on the North Korean region in order to continue its control over Northeast Samsung and keep Kando as its subordinate territory. Therefore, it is believed that after inducing a pro-China coup in North Korea to collapse the Kim Jong-il regime in the future, the Northeast Fair is being implemented to take over all of North Korea and provide a justification for China's strength in North Korea. However, the South Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade has not actively responded to China's distortion of Goguryeo and Balhae history for fear of diplomatic friction with China, and has promised that South Korea will no longer officially raise issues with China. It is said that territorial issues usually expire after 100 years of prescription that the prescription expires after 100 years. Therefore, the issue of the right to vote for Gando Island needs to be declared to the international community six years later, before reaching 100 years in 2009. However, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Korea was the home of the armed anti-Japanese struggle under Japanese colonial rule while conducting humiliating diplomacy in the form of a four-way race against China, and is now making no effort to regain the vast territory where a large number of Koreans reside. It's a very unfortunate reality. Gando Island is a land of opportunity and hope that will emerge as the central base of Northeast Asia in the near future. Our people should re-cultivate "Gando' Even if there has been no opportunity to claim the right to exercise Kando against China, which occupies Kando without legitimate rights, it is time to make a claim to regain our natural rights, then let's take a look at China's position on the Kando issue. First, China explains the liver problem with fabrication and fiction. In China, the overall liver problem, such as the geographical location of Gando, the residence of Joseon, and the cause of the liver problem, is fabricated. In China, the name Gando is not originally unique to China, but is called Yeongil because it was intentionally created in Joseon and Japan. China believes that Koreans forged the liver problem and diplomatic fraud. Jeonggyebi Monument, built by Mokgeukdeung in 1712, was located in Sobaeksan Mountain, and it is an international diplomatic fraud that Koreans who judged that it was disadvantageous for reclamation moved the Jeonggyebi Monument to ask China for territory. However, historical facts such as the establishment of the Baekdusan Mountain Jeonggyebi Monument in 1712, Eulyu Gamgye Dampan in 1885, Jeongjeong Gamgye Dampan in 1887, and the 1909 Gando Convention cannot be simply regarded as a fictional fabrication. Korea's understanding of Kando of China's theory of fabrication and falsehood is interpreted in terms of linguistics, ethnic, geographical, and historical aspects, focusing mainly on giving historical meaning. Choi Nam-seon argued in the Baekdu Mountain Geunchamgi that China's overwhelming attitude and our resignation posture made the Yalu River a customary border. Former Chinese Prime Minister Zhu Eun-rae explained that the Manchurians quickly flourished and took control of the vast area of the Yoha basin from Baekdusan Mountain, pushing Koreans to the east to push them to the Yalu River and the Tuman River.   China's own research on the period of residence in Kando Island includes retrospective cases to ancient times, "the theory of migration of original and late Qing," but China has recently defined the migration of Koreans since the mid-19th century. However, according to the Japanese Consulate General's document, Koreans lived in the northeastern region of Goto and were not easily assimilated into the Han Chinese like the Manchurians, and naturally lived in the northeastern region before the Han Chinese. Second, China explains the liver problem with the theory of leniency policy or neglect policy. China's Gando Island was originally Chinese territory, but the problem arose because Koreans were tolerant of illegal migration, and the border between Korea and China was basically between the Cheongcheongang River and the Daedonggang River. It is said that the border between China and Goryeo began with King Taejo of Geum, and in Myeongdae, an administrative organization was established and governed around the Tuman River, so in the 16th century, the border between China and Joseon was basically formed. Therefore, it is believed that the good excuse for the occurrence of the liver problem was due to the policy of Jaso (a large country loves a small country) that made much of the changes between Korea and China non-military areas and was tolerant of Joseon's demands. Unlike Chinese, Koreans did not pay wasteland reclamation taxes and other miscellaneous taxes, so China implemented a generous policy. However, before the border is clearly established, the buffer zone between the two countries can be said to be a multi-state zone. However, it is said that China unconditionally made it its own decree and implemented a leniency policy to Koreans, but for Koreans, it is rather a suppression of power and difficult to understand as a leniency policy. Preemption and exercise of administrative rights are very important factors in determining sovereignty. However, the Chinese data, Gwangseo Jodonghwarok, also records that Koreans have already reclaimed a very large area where the Chinese have never cultivated, and Hamgyeong Province's own history issued and registered sovereignty to regard the area as a Joseon Dynasty. Naito, Japan's leading researcher on liver problems, pointed out in 1906 that Koreans pioneered the Kando area before Chinese in the Northeast River Valley in Korea.

[The epitaph of Baekdusan Mountain Jeonggyebi] I can see the words of the western Yalu East Witomun] Third, it is the theory of validity and effectiveness of Baekdusan Jeonggyebi. China explains the establishment of the Baekdusan Mountain Political Monument in 1712 as the theory of validity and invalidity of the political monument. China unilaterally listened to Koreans without knowing the exact changes between the two countries, and half of Baekdusan Mountain lost a lot of territory by building a political monument belonging to Joseon. This is even the fault of the Qing Dynasty's King Seongjo. On the one hand, it is said that the political monument is only a monument to Sim Si-bi who investigated the change. It cannot be regarded as a border treaty because it was not attended by representatives from both countries, and it is simply a monument because it has no political implications. The reason why China wants to view Baekdusan Mountain's Jeonggyebi Monument as a political monument is that except for the controversy over where the soil gate of the Jeonggye inscription is, the border between the Yalu River and the Tuman River has been confirmed. However, the reason why China sees Baekdusan Mountain's political monument as Simsibi is that it wants to block the controversy over where the soil is from the beginning in the content of the political epitaph's "to the east." In addition, the fact that there is no official record of talks between the two countries, only the Qing Dynasty's national name Daecheong on the monument, and the Joseon Dynasty's national name is missing is also a problem to see as a national monument between the two countries. The reason China itself argues for conflicting views is that the territorial categories of the two countries vary depending on the interpretation of the political epitaph's "Yalu in the West and Tomun in the East." China wants to maintain its position that no discussion between the Yalu River and the Tumen River is possible. Therefore, China explained that although the 1887 border talks did not reach a final conclusion, Lee Joong-ha, the representative of Joseon, acknowledged the identity of the Tumen River and the Tuman River, as if the two countries reached an agreement. However, the Joseon Dynasty reported that there was coercion by Cheongjo during Dampan, and on May 16, 1888, Jo Byeong-sik, the sole disciple of negotiation and trade affairs, notified Wien Sky that a new border wall should be opened. The two countries disagree on the contents of the Korea-China border talks, but the two countries agree that the border talks have not reached a final conclusion. Therefore, it should be considered that open border talks without disagreement between the two countries of Korea and China remain a historical unresolved task. The fourth is the theory of international legal resolution. China will insist on maintaining the status quo on the liver problem, but it is also spurring international legal review through the Northeast Process project. Although the final logic did not come out because it is currently being studied, five legal principles were suggested to resolve the modern and contemporary change dispute. China's five legal principles (respect for customs disapproval of secret agreements disapproval of unilateral changes only recognition of the treaty to sign a central ambassador negotiation between the two countries) need to be applied to the simple issue. ① China claims that the Yalu River and the Tumen River are traditional customs lines between Korea and China, but in order not to have any dispute between the two countries, the two countries must resolve it through negotiations in consideration of history and practical factors. ② Joseon established administrative organizations, dispatched management, and collected taxes in the Kando area, but Korea (unified Korea) cannot agree that China claims all of the areas as Chinese territory and defines borders. In addition, Korea cannot approve the Kando Convention signed in 1909 with China by Japan, a third party, on the border between Korea and China, by diplomatic rights illegally exercised by Japan. ④ If the treaty on the border line, which was not signed by the ambassadors of the central governments of the two countries, cannot be recognized, there is room for re-discussion of the Baekdusan Mountain political monument established in 1712. ⑤Considering that the issue of simplicity is raised, it can be said that it is a historically unresolved territorial issue and a change issue, so China should negotiate so that the two countries can resolve the border dispute peacefully based on the Five Principles of Peace. China is facing changes with several countries and applies different international legal logic depending on individual issues, so if China's contradictions are well utilized, a good way can be provided for liver problems. We need comprehensive and interdisciplinary research to solve the issue of humanity, which is a territorial dispute between Korea and China. In particular, considering that the final decision of the territorial dispute follows the "general principles of international law related to territorial acquisition and loss," it is necessary to approach the issue from the perspective of a third-party arbitration agency or international judicial agency. Similar precedents judged by territorial disputes should be compared and reviewed to consider strategic application in preparation for simplicity issues and focus on developing legal principles that can overcome the legal principles of international judicial institutions. It is necessary to analyze China's territorial acquisition practices to recycle China's logic and examine how the 1962 Treaty on Secret Changes between North Korea and China will be applied to the 'utiposidetis principle' after reunification on the Korean Peninsula.  A map created by Japan at the time of the 1909 Kando Convention. The "Tomungang River" clearly identifies it as a separate tributary of the Songhwagang River, not the Tuman River, and is an important rebuttal to China, which has always claimed that "Tomungang River, the border between Joseon and Qing, is another name of the Tuman River." This map stipulates the name "Tomungang River" in the river that flows northeast near Baekdusan Mountain and then turns north to join the Songhwagang River, and the river flowing east is written "Tumangang River" to clarify that the Tomungang River and the Dumangang River cannot be other names.The place names specified in the "Waterway Exploration near the Jeonggyebi Monument of Baekdusan Mountain" marked on the northwest side of the Tumen River ▲① Unlike the signing of the Gando Convention, which regarded the "Tomungang River" as the "Tomungang River" as the Baekdusan Mountain Yalu River, where the Tumengang River 정 Jeonggyebi Monument was established, Japan also knew that it was the Tomungang River. At the time of the 1965 Korea-Japan Agreement, the Japanese government officially declared that all treaties signed by the Japanese before the defeat were invalid. Therefore, Kando, where the Japanese sold Kando Island, a territory of Joseon, to the Qing Dynasty, must now return to our legitimate land]  [Doseong Paldo Map, presumed to be a map made in the 18th century] On the side of North Hamgyeong Province, the Gando area is clearly recorded as our territory. In particular, this map directly reverses China's claim that "Tomungang River is the Tumen River," which was the basis of the agreement between the Qing Dynasty and Japan, separating the Tumen River and the Tumen River.  ▲ This map separates the Tomungang River from the second red circle on the left side of the picture and the Tuman River on the right side of the picture and reverses the Chinese deterrent of "Tomungang River is the Tuman River," which was the basis of the agreement between the Qing Dynasty and Japan. You can see Baekdusan Mountain on the left.