In order to understand our history correctly, knowledge of the time and space of our history must precede. Where did our ancestors come from, and how much did they stage? What does our ancestors have to do with the distant land of Siberia? What does it mean to excavate relics from earlier periods than Neolithic relics excavated from Siberia on the Balhae coast and the Korean Peninsula? Let's trace the footsteps of our ancestors that encompass Siberia, the Balhae coast, and the Korean Peninsula. ● The best way to know the past history of Paleolithic relics on the coast of Balhae and the Korean Peninsula is to interpret the literature data left by the old people. However, there are much longer periods in the history of mankind that are not than periods that have left literature historical records. Therefore, there is a need to distinguish between the history after the appearance of literature historical materials and the previous history, and the period when literature historical materials exist is called the historical period, and the prehistoric period. In prehistoric times, there were no literature data, so they were classified according to their lifestyle (band society, tribal society), and tools used. Among them, it is common to classify them as tools. Among the methods of classification as tools, the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age are the most widely accepted, depending on the materials used by Danish archaeologist Tomsen [C.J. Thomsen]. Among them, the Stone Age is divided into the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age according to the method of processing stone tools, as is well known. In the Paleolithic era, other stone tools were used, and in the Neolithic period, Maise stone tools were used. Other stone tools refer to stone tools that impact stones or remove pieces from large stones and make them into desired shapes. Maje stoneware is a stone tool that is made into a desired shape by grinding stones. How long did it take in human history for the tool-making method to develop from a third-party method to a third-party method? This can be seen by looking at the time that developed from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic period. If you look at only the relics excavated from the Balhae coast and the Korean Peninsula, which are currently directly related to us, Paleolithic relics are excavated from about 600,000 years ago. But Neolithic artifacts can only be traced back up to 6,000 years at most. This means that it took more than 600,000 years to evolve from the stone removal method to the grinding method. Although it is difficult to understand from the current brilliant development time of civilization, it should be taken into account that the brain capacity of the ancestors of mankind, that is, the people of this era, was very small compared to modern people. However, if we expand it into world history, the Paleolithic era begins much earlier. The reason for the first use of stone tools in humans is called Homo habilis, and the first stone tools they used were found in East Africa and are estimated to be about 2.6 million years old. Homo habilas evolved into Homo erectus about 1.5 million years ago. Homo erectus travels in search of a better place to live as the climate in their area changes, some of which are believed to have come from Africa to Asia. The reason why the people who lived in Africa have become related to us is because of climate change on Earth. As a Homo erectus, the Peking people are leaving traces of using fire. It was not until about 200,000 years ago that Homo saqiens emerged that humans now have a similar level of brain capacity. When Homo sapiens lived, the climate fluctuated a lot and it was colder than today, so there was an ice age. They also travel in search of a livable climate, and during the last ice age, sea levels were lowered, revealing land between the Asian and American continents. The land route was not only a homo sapiens, but also a route for many animals traveling in search of a livable climate. These animals became food for Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens lived by hunting and gathering. Homo erectus as well as Homo sapiens lived on the Balhae coast and the Korean Peninsula. This can be seen as Paleolithic relics excavated from these areas. However, until the early 1960s, it was believed that Paleolithic people did not live in Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula. In fact, Paleolithic relics such as animal bones were already found in Donggwanjin, Jongseong, Hamgyeongbuk-do in the 1930s, but colonial historians with the stereotype that Paleolithic people did not live on the Korean Peninsula ignored this. Then, in the 1960s, Paleolithic artifacts were excavated from Manchuria and all over the Korean Peninsula, and this stereotype began to be broken. In the Manchurian region, a late Paleolithic mammal fossil was found in 1963 at the remains of a cave in Seokmunsanchon, Eondo County, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province, China, confirming that Paleolithic people lived in Manchuria for the first time. Starting with this, about 20 Paleolithic ruins were excavated in Manchuria. In 1974, Beijing University excavated the remains of Geumusan Cave in Yeongguhyeon, Yodong Peninsula. In the early Paleolithic, located on the bottom floor of the site, traces of human stone tools and fire, including mammal fossils, were found, as well as complete human fossils such as skulls and limbs, drawing keen attention. The remains are believed to be of the same lineage as human fossils in the Chugucho branch of Beijing, which is called the Peking Gyeongwon people. Therefore, the remains of Geumusan Mountain are considered to be the last stage of the remains of the main store, and are estimated to be 500,000 to 200,000 years old, similar to those of North Gyeongsang Province. In fact, uranium measurements on the lower layer showed that it was around 270,000 years old. The cave ruins discovered by chance in 1978 at a limestone quarry south of Myofusan Mountain in Bongye-si, Liaoning Province, China, are noteworthy because they are similar in many ways to the cave ruins of the main branch in Beijing. In the ruins of Myofusan Mountain, a fossil of Homo erectus stage 1 and a mammalian animal were found, suggesting that the fossil of Homo erectus was related to the fossil of Homo erectus found in the main store in Beijing. The animal statue is also similar to that of the Zhu Gu branch in Beijing. Although opinions are not consistent among scholars, it is highly probable that humans such as Beijing Yuan lived in Manchuria. Therefore, it is attracting extraordinary attention regarding the distribution of Homo erectus in East Asia. In the ruins of Myofusan Mountain, a family of molar fossils from the Homo sapiens stage, one stage after Homo erectus, and a fragment of an arm bone were also found. This suggests that this area is an area where Paleolithic people lived for a long time. Paleolithic artifacts from earlier periods are found along the Balhae coast. The early Paleolithic sites such as Donggokta and Changliang in Nihaman, northern China, were formed about 1 million years ago, the earliest in the region, and the Namjeon Paleolithic sites found in the middle of the Yellow River were about 800,000 years old. Next, let's look at the Korean Peninsula. Despite the discovery of the ruins of Jongseong-dong Gwanjin in the 1930s, the existing theory that the Paleolithic era did not exist on the Korean Peninsula collapsed in the 1960s when Paleolithic relics began to be found in Manchuria and all over the Korean Peninsula. The site of the Black Anvil Cave, located on the southern cliff of Umulbong Peak at the foot of the Sangwon River in Pyongyang's Sangwon-ri, was excavated in 1966, for 600,000 yearsPaleolithic artifacts dating back 400,000 years have been excavated. Animal fossils such as mice and rabbits, subtropical, tropical monkeys, elephants, kkkk double rhinos, and water buffalo were found, indicating that the Korean Peninsula was in a tropical climate during this period. However, among the animal statues excavated from the ruins of the Black Anvil Cave, there is a fossil animal statue similar to that of the main store in Beijing, drawing attention. In addition, Paleolithic artifacts were excavated in Jingok-ri, Yeoncheon-gun, Gyeonggi-do in 1978. As for the stone tools excavated from this site, the excavation team of Myofusan Mountain in Liaoning Province said that it was the same method of manufacturing as the stone tools excavated from Myofusan Mountain. This is because it shows that there is a close relationship between the Paleolithic man who lived in Myofusan Mountain in Yonyeongseong Fortress and the Paleolithic man who lived in Jeongok-ri on the Korean Peninsula. The discovery of fossils of similar types of causative and animal fossils along the Balhae coast covering Beijing's main district, Manchuria, and the Korean Peninsula is interesting because it suggests that Paleolithic people living in this vast area were of the same character in the distant past. At that time, the causes of the same characteristics led their lives by hunting and gathering on the stage in Beijing, Manchuria, and the vast areas of the Korean Peninsula. However, Paleolithic people who lived in these areas have no direct blood relationship with us. It is estimated that Homo sapiens sapiens, a direct ancestor of modern humans, appeared about 50,000 to 40,000 years ago in the late Paleolithic period. Unlike previous causes, Homo sapiens sapiens not only created sophisticated stone tools and bone fragments, but also produced works of art such as murals to create a new later Paleolithic culture. The fact that they are divided into black, white, and yellow races and distributed around the world suggests that they lived on the move. In this regard, fossils of children's teeth and leg bones were excavated along with many other types of mammal fossils and stone tools at the remains of Seonin-dong Cave in Sogosan Mountain, Haesung-hyeon, Yodong Peninsula in 1981. In addition, fossils from the late Paleolithic era were found in the remains of Geumusan Mountain and Myofusan Mountain on the Yodong Peninsula. In the Korean Peninsula, ruins from the late Paleolithic era are mainly excavated in the Daedong River basin. In the cave of Sungnisan Mountain in Deokcheon, North Korea, the jaw bones of the human bones were excavated over two layers. This human survival date is 40,000 to 30,000 years ago and is judged to be our direct ancestor, Homo sapiens sapiens. Homo sapiens sapiens skull has an average brain capacity of 1,400cc, the same level as modern humans. In addition to the cave of Sungnisan Mountain, human fossils in the Homo sapiens stage were found in the remains of the Mandali cave and Hwacheon-dong cave in Seungho District near Pyongyang. The human fossils of Homo sapiens sapiens, found in the Balhae coastal areas covering Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula, are important data to shed light on the beak of the Korean people.
Source; Humanist ' Explanation of Living Korean History - A New Revolution in Korean History Description; Lee Deok-il, Director of the Hangaram Historical and Cultural Institute.
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