Samguk Yusa and Samguk Yusa record the stage where Gayasa Temple was unfolded from Gayasan Mountain to Namhae in Haeinsa Temple and from the west of Nakdonggang River to Jirisan Mountain (Seomjingang River). However, archaeologically, traces of Gaya culture are also found in Dongnae, Yangsan, and Changnyeong in the east of the Nakdonggang River, and Jinan, Jangsu, Imsil, and Namwon in the west of the Seomjingang River. In other words, Gayasa Temple was developed in areas including a little bit of Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk, centering on the current Gyeongnam and Busan. The basins divided into many mountains and rivers were suitable for the formation and development of various independent Gaya countries, but made it difficult to achieve a unified kingdom. Gaya is called by various names because it did not achieve a unified kingdom. ▶ In the 1st to 4th centuries, Gimhae's Garakguk was Keun Gaya, and in the 5th to 6th centuries, Goryeong's Rebelguk was Keun Gaya. It is common to call Goryeong Daegaya because the last "big Gaya" in Gayasa Temple was a country of rebellion. Gaya's history is divided into electric Gaya and late Gaya based on the incident in 400 when King Gwanggaeto of Goguryeo dispatched 50,000 troops to attack Gaya. Garakguk of Gimhae was the central force in the early Gaya period, and Daegaya of Goryeong was the central force in the late Gaya period. Electric Gaya flourished in Geoje, Gimhae, Changwon, Haman, and Goseong adjacent to the southern coast, while the late Gaya flourished in Goryeong and Hapcheon.·Changnyeong, Uiryeong, Geochang, Namwon, Hadong, and Sacheon blossomed in Gaya culture. During the post-B.C., small-scale political bodies began to form in areas such as Gimhae, Changwon, Masan, Haman, Goseong, Sacheon, and Jinju, which can be said to be the beginning of Gayasa Temple. ▶ Their political bodies were usually "small countries" of about 3,000 to 3,500, but the Guya-guk of Gimhae and Anya-guk of Haman were "great countries" of about 25,000 to 25,000. Gayasa Temple began on the southern coast because it was negotiating with advanced regions such as Nakrang-gun and Daebang-gun through sea routes. Samgukji records the sea transportation route from Daebang-gun to the Japanese archipelago around the 3rd century. It was the route from Hwanghae-do to the south along the west coast, entering the South Sea, heading eastward, anchored in Guyaguk, Gimhae, and then crossing the Korean Strait to Kyushu via Tsushima. This also indicates the path through which the advanced culture of Han, the world's best civilized country at the time, traveled. Gaya's small countries adjacent to the South Sea were in the same position as the gateway to this advanced cultural path. For this reason, China's advanced culture was accepted early, and it was able to develop based on this.Chinese cultural objects imported through this route are excavated from Daeseong-dong Ancient Tombs and Yangdong Ancient Tombs in Gimhae, Daho-ri Relics in Changwon, Dongoe-dong Shell Mound in Goseong, and Hadae Ancient Tombs in Ulsan. Diplomacy and trade with Chinese counties and prefectures played an absolute role in the development of small countries in ▶ Electric Gaya. The Rebellion of Posang Palguk (201-212) delivered by Samguk Sagi or Samguk Yusa was a war in which Gaya such as Sacheon, Goseong, Chilwon, and Masan attacked Garakguk to take away Gimhae's maritime trade rights. From the founding myth of Gaya, it can be assumed that several Gaya countries were close like brothers. However, the "Rebellion of the Rebellion of the Eight Kingdoms" tells us that even in the same Gaya culture, wars were fought depending on interests. After that, in 313-314, Nakrang-gun and Daebang-gun, which were sources of advanced Gaya culture, were ousted by Goguryeo, and in 400, King Gwanggaeto of Goguryeo attacked Gaya. These historical changes in the first century led the center of Gayasa Temple to move from the southern coastal area to the northern inland area. Gaya's federated countries were establishing multilateral foreign policies according to the changes in the situation on the Korean Peninsula, that is, the trends of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla. At that time, several small countries existed in the Gaya area. However, representative countries such as Geumgwan Gaya in Gimhae, Daegaya in Goryeong, and Anraguk in Haman can be seen relatively clearly through records. In the 4th century AD, Nakrang and Daebang were extinguished by Goguryeo, and the situation on the Korean Peninsula was undergoing many changes, with King Geunchogo of Baekje advancing to the Hwanghae-do area. In the case of Baekje, King Geunchogo placed importance on negotiations with Gaya or Japan, the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, to increase competitiveness with Goguryeo in the north, and Gaya had a friendly relationship with Baekje because it needed advanced culture. Meanwhile, Silla, which was competing with Gaya and Baekje, joined hands with Goguryeo to check these forces. In other words, at that time, there were largely allied forces of Baekje, Gaya, and Japan, and combined forces of Goguryeo and Silla. ▶ At the end of the 4th century, Gaya and Japan united to attack Silla. At this time, Goguryeo dispatched large-scale troops to help Silla and defeated Gaya and Japanese soldiers, fearing that even Baekje participated in these allied forces would pose a threat to them. As a result, Geumgwan Gaya (Gimhae), the main target of the Gaya Federation at the time, was hit hard and gradually disappeared from the front of history. On the other hand, Anra-guk (Haman) managed to maintain its national power, and Daegaya (Aged) was able to grow through this gap. ▶ In the 5th century, with the growth of Goryeong Daegaya, a new order was formed in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. First, in the first half of the 5th century, Gaya allied with Baekje, and Baekje and Silla launched a united front in preparation for the southward of Goguryeo. In other words, Gaya and Baekje dispatched relief forces to prevent Goguryeo's attack on Silla. This shows that Daegaya has grown significantly politically, and such growth can be seen from the fact that it was sent to Namje, China in 479, under the title of "General Boguk's Home Country King." ▶ However, after the 6th century, Silla and Baekje gradually became greedy to merge Gaya Station, showing complex positive results. First of all, in 510, Baekje entered the Gaya area in earnest, and by 562, Daegaya was destroyed. The period until the 540s AD, just before its collapse, is divided into three and examined as follows. --------------------------- In the 510s-520s ▶ 513, Baekje invaded the Gimun (Imsil, Namwon) area. Accordingly, Gaya built a castle in the Daesa (Hadong) area and fought against Baekje, but could not be defeated. The Daesa area was one of the main ports where trade between Gaya and Japan took place before. Therefore, securing the metabolic area of Baekje resulted in Gaya's loss of important ports of importance. Accordingly, Daegaya took a pro-Silla policy, and an example of it is the marriage alliance (522). In other words, when King Ineung of Daegaya proposed to Silla, King Beopheung sent the sister of Lee Chan's grandfather, and the marriage was established. 2. In the 530s, ▶ Silla and Baekje entered the southern Gaya area to secure an upper hand in the Gaya area. During this period, Geumgwan Gaya collapsed, and Silla and Baekje confronted each other, bordering Anraguk (Haman). In the Gaya area, Daegaya and Anraguk took their own diplomatic responses from their respective positions. Silla attempted to enter the Gaya area after 529 when the marriage alliance with Daegaya collapsed. Accordingly, several small countries in southern Gaya seek self-rescue measures in preparation for Silla's attack under the supervision of Anra Kingdom, and what was held at this time was the Anra Conference. The purpose of this meeting was to inform the small southern countries centered on Anra and put diplomatic pressure on Silla. At that time, Baekje, who felt threatened by Silla's entry into Gaya, attended the Anra Conference. However, since Anra maintained an independent position while showing pro-Japanese tendencies, Baekje responded militarily to these small countries in the southwest. As a result, Anra and other small countries in the southwest were placed under the indirect rule of Baekje. 3. In the 540s ▶ period, Gaya tried to maintain independence between Baekje and Silla while playing a central role in Daegaya and Anraguk. Accordingly, Daegaya and Anraguk made joint diplomatic efforts, which was consistent with Baekje's interests. In other words, King Seong of Baekje tried to cover Gaya Station without war as much as possible to check Goguryeo and Silla. Meanwhile, in this process, Japan was also used diplomaticly. However, Baekje tried to receive military support by continuously pressing Gaya and Japanese due to the need to check Silla. Accordingly, Gaya communicated with Goguryeo to loosen Baekje's pressure and buy time to strengthen internal maintenance. In other words, in the first month of 548, Goguryeo attacked Doksanseong Fortress. However, unexpectedly, in order to keep Goguryeo in check, Silla sent relief soldiers to Baekje, which made Goguryeo easily defeated. Meanwhile, the testimony of Goguryeo prisoners revealed the secret communication between Gaya and Goguryeo, which forced the upper part of the Anra Kingdom to give up its role as the leader of small Gaya countries in the southwest. In addition, the small Gaya kingdoms were completely under the influence of Baekje. Geumgwan Gaya in Gimhae was defeated by Goguryeo King Gwanggaeto's army around 400 and then went downhill, and later led the Gaya Federation with Goryeong Daegaya and Haman's Anraguk at the center. Entering the 6th century, the Gaya Federation implemented a fierce foreign policy between Silla and Baekje, but eventually Geumgwan Gaya was destroyed by Silla in 532 (19th year of King Beopheung). It was the first time in 10s and 490 years from King Suro to King Koo. Meanwhile, Daegaya was destroyed by Silla again in 562, 30 years later, and the Gaya Federation finally disappeared from the historical stage. Looking at the situation of the neighboring countries during the fall of ▶ Daegaya, first of all, Goguryeo was weakened by the internal strife of the aristocratic society and was dispersed by pressure such as a sudden fire on the northwest border. In 551 AD, Baekje succeeded in stealing the Hangang River basin from Goguryeo with the support of Silla and Gaya. In response, Baekje sent envoys to Japan in 552 under the names of Baekje, Daegaya (Goryeong), and Anraguk (Haman) to request relief soldiers with the intention of destroying Silla. In 553, Silla succeeded in taking away the Hangang River basin by surprise even before Baekje's scheme took effect. In a hurry, Baekje quickly asked the Japanese for help, and the Japanese army arrived in 554. Thus, the allied forces of Baekje, Gaya, and Japan engaged in a war of national fortunes with Silla in Gwansanseong Fortress (Okcheon) in July 554.
Samguk Yusa and Samguk Yusa record the stage where Gayasa Temple was unfolded from Gayasan Mountain to Namhae in Haeinsa Temple and from the west of Nakdonggang River to Jirisan Mountain (Seomjingang River). However, archaeologically, traces of Gaya culture are also found in Dongnae, Yangsan, and Changnyeong in the east of the Nakdonggang River, and Jinan, Jangsu, Imsil, and Namwon in the west of the Seomjingang River. In other words, Gayasa Temple was developed in areas including a little bit of Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk, centering on the current Gyeongnam and Busan. The basins divided into many mountains and rivers were suitable for the formation and development of various independent Gaya countries, but made it difficult to achieve a unified kingdom. Gaya is called by various names because it did not achieve a unified kingdom. ▶ In the 1st to 4th centuries, Gimhae's Garakguk was Keun Gaya, and in the 5th to 6th centuries, Goryeong's Rebelguk was Keun Gaya. It is common to call Goryeong Daegaya because the last "big Gaya" in Gayasa Temple was a country of rebellion. Gaya's history is divided into electric Gaya and late Gaya based on the incident in 400 when King Gwanggaeto of Goguryeo dispatched 50,000 troops to attack Gaya. Garakguk of Gimhae was the central force in the early Gaya period, and Daegaya of Goryeong was the central force in the late Gaya period. Electric Gaya flourished in Geoje, Gimhae, Changwon, Haman, and Goseong adjacent to the southern coast, while the late Gaya flourished in Goryeong and Hapcheon.·Changnyeong, Uiryeong, Geochang, Namwon, Hadong, and Sacheon blossomed in Gaya culture. During the post-B.C., small-scale political bodies began to form in areas such as Gimhae, Changwon, Masan, Haman, Goseong, Sacheon, and Jinju, which can be said to be the beginning of Gayasa Temple. ▶ Their political bodies were usually "small countries" of about 3,000 to 3,500, but the Guya-guk of Gimhae and Anya-guk of Haman were "great countries" of about 25,000 to 25,000. Gayasa Temple began on the southern coast because it was negotiating with advanced regions such as Nakrang-gun and Daebang-gun through sea routes. Samgukji records the sea transportation route from Daebang-gun to the Japanese archipelago around the 3rd century. It was the route from Hwanghae-do to the south along the west coast, entering the South Sea, heading eastward, anchored in Guyaguk, Gimhae, and then crossing the Korean Strait to Kyushu via Tsushima. This also indicates the path through which the advanced culture of Han, the world's best civilized country at the time, traveled. Gaya's small countries adjacent to the South Sea were in the same position as the gateway to this advanced cultural path. For this reason, China's advanced culture was accepted early, and it was able to develop based on this.Chinese cultural objects imported through this route are excavated from Daeseong-dong Ancient Tombs and Yangdong Ancient Tombs in Gimhae, Daho-ri Relics in Changwon, Dongoe-dong Shell Mound in Goseong, and Hadae Ancient Tombs in Ulsan. Diplomacy and trade with Chinese counties and prefectures played an absolute role in the development of small countries in ▶ Electric Gaya. The Rebellion of Posang Palguk (201-212) delivered by Samguk Sagi or Samguk Yusa was a war in which Gaya such as Sacheon, Goseong, Chilwon, and Masan attacked Garakguk to take away Gimhae's maritime trade rights. From the founding myth of Gaya, it can be assumed that several Gaya countries were close like brothers. However, the "Rebellion of the Rebellion of the Eight Kingdoms" tells us that even in the same Gaya culture, wars were fought depending on interests. After that, in 313-314, Nakrang-gun and Daebang-gun, which were sources of advanced Gaya culture, were ousted by Goguryeo, and in 400, King Gwanggaeto of Goguryeo attacked Gaya. These historical changes in the first century led the center of Gayasa Temple to move from the southern coastal area to the northern inland area. Gaya's federated countries were establishing multilateral foreign policies according to the changes in the situation on the Korean Peninsula, that is, the trends of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla. At that time, several small countries existed in the Gaya area. However, representative countries such as Geumgwan Gaya in Gimhae, Daegaya in Goryeong, and Anraguk in Haman can be seen relatively clearly through records. In the 4th century AD, Nakrang and Daebang were extinguished by Goguryeo, and the situation on the Korean Peninsula was undergoing many changes, with King Geunchogo of Baekje advancing to the Hwanghae-do area. In the case of Baekje, King Geunchogo placed importance on negotiations with Gaya or Japan, the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, to increase competitiveness with Goguryeo in the north, and Gaya had a friendly relationship with Baekje because it needed advanced culture. Meanwhile, Silla, which was competing with Gaya and Baekje, joined hands with Goguryeo to check these forces. In other words, at that time, there were largely allied forces of Baekje, Gaya, and Japan, and combined forces of Goguryeo and Silla. ▶ At the end of the 4th century, Gaya and Japan united to attack Silla. At this time, Goguryeo dispatched large-scale troops to help Silla and defeated Gaya and Japanese soldiers, fearing that even Baekje participated in these allied forces would pose a threat to them. As a result, Geumgwan Gaya (Gimhae), the main target of the Gaya Federation at the time, was hit hard and gradually disappeared from the front of history. On the other hand, Anra-guk (Haman) managed to maintain its national power, and Daegaya (Aged) was able to grow through this gap. ▶ In the 5th century, with the growth of Goryeong Daegaya, a new order was formed in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula. First, in the first half of the 5th century, Gaya allied with Baekje, and Baekje and Silla launched a united front in preparation for the southward of Goguryeo. In other words, Gaya and Baekje dispatched relief forces to prevent Goguryeo's attack on Silla. This shows that Daegaya has grown significantly politically, and such growth can be seen from the fact that it was sent to Namje, China in 479, under the title of "General Boguk's Home Country King." ▶ However, after the 6th century, Silla and Baekje gradually became greedy to merge Gaya Station, showing complex positive results. First of all, in 510, Baekje entered the Gaya area in earnest, and by 562, Daegaya was destroyed. The period until the 540s AD, just before its collapse, is divided into three and examined as follows. --------------------------- In the 510s-520s ▶ 513, Baekje invaded the Gimun (Imsil, Namwon) area. Accordingly, Gaya built a castle in the Daesa (Hadong) area and fought against Baekje, but could not be defeated. The Daesa area was one of the main ports where trade between Gaya and Japan took place before. Therefore, securing the metabolic area of Baekje resulted in Gaya's loss of important ports of importance. Accordingly, Daegaya took a pro-Silla policy, and an example of it is the marriage alliance (522). In other words, when King Ineung of Daegaya proposed to Silla, King Beopheung sent the sister of Lee Chan's grandfather, and the marriage was established. 2. In the 530s, ▶ Silla and Baekje entered the southern Gaya area to secure an upper hand in the Gaya area. During this period, Geumgwan Gaya collapsed, and Silla and Baekje confronted each other, bordering Anraguk (Haman). In the Gaya area, Daegaya and Anraguk took their own diplomatic responses from their respective positions. Silla attempted to enter the Gaya area after 529 when the marriage alliance with Daegaya collapsed. Accordingly, several small countries in southern Gaya seek self-rescue measures in preparation for Silla's attack under the supervision of Anra Kingdom, and what was held at this time was the Anra Conference. The purpose of this meeting was to inform the small southern countries centered on Anra and put diplomatic pressure on Silla. At that time, Baekje, who felt threatened by Silla's entry into Gaya, attended the Anra Conference. However, since Anra maintained an independent position while showing pro-Japanese tendencies, Baekje responded militarily to these small countries in the southwest. As a result, Anra and other small countries in the southwest were placed under the indirect rule of Baekje. 3. In the 540s ▶ period, Gaya tried to maintain independence between Baekje and Silla while playing a central role in Daegaya and Anraguk. Accordingly, Daegaya and Anraguk made joint diplomatic efforts, which was consistent with Baekje's interests. In other words, King Seong of Baekje tried to cover Gaya Station without war as much as possible to check Goguryeo and Silla. Meanwhile, in this process, Japan was also used diplomaticly. However, Baekje tried to receive military support by continuously pressing Gaya and Japanese due to the need to check Silla. Accordingly, Gaya communicated with Goguryeo to loosen Baekje's pressure and buy time to strengthen internal maintenance. In other words, in the first month of 548, Goguryeo attacked Doksanseong Fortress. However, unexpectedly, in order to keep Goguryeo in check, Silla sent relief soldiers to Baekje, which made Goguryeo easily defeated. Meanwhile, the testimony of Goguryeo prisoners revealed the secret communication between Gaya and Goguryeo, which forced the upper part of the Anra Kingdom to give up its role as the leader of small Gaya countries in the southwest. In addition, the small Gaya kingdoms were completely under the influence of Baekje. Geumgwan Gaya in Gimhae was defeated by Goguryeo King Gwanggaeto's army around 400 and then went downhill, and later led the Gaya Federation with Goryeong Daegaya and Haman's Anraguk at the center. Entering the 6th century, the Gaya Federation implemented a fierce foreign policy between Silla and Baekje, but eventually Geumgwan Gaya was destroyed by Silla in 532 (19th year of King Beopheung). It was the first time in 10s and 490 years from King Suro to King Koo. Meanwhile, Daegaya was destroyed by Silla again in 562, 30 years later, and the Gaya Federation finally disappeared from the historical stage. Looking at the situation of the neighboring countries during the fall of ▶ Daegaya, first of all, Goguryeo was weakened by the internal strife of the aristocratic society and was dispersed by pressure such as a sudden fire on the northwest border. In 551 AD, Baekje succeeded in stealing the Hangang River basin from Goguryeo with the support of Silla and Gaya. In response, Baekje sent envoys to Japan in 552 under the names of Baekje, Daegaya (Goryeong), and Anraguk (Haman) to request relief soldiers with the intention of destroying Silla. In 553, Silla succeeded in taking away the Hangang River basin by surprise even before Baekje's scheme took effect. In a hurry, Baekje quickly asked the Japanese for help, and the Japanese army arrived in 554. Thus, the allied forces of Baekje, Gaya, and Japan engaged in a war of national fortunes with Silla in Gwansanseong Fortress (Okcheon) in July 554.
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