In 1865, Heungseon Daewongun began reconstruction of Gyeongbokgung Palace, which was burned during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1595, and completed it two years later. The royal family was trying to increase its dignity, but the side effects were great because it was financially unreasonable. Although the casting of Dangbaekjeon caused considerable confusion in the economy, today's Gyeongbokgung Palace, including Geunjeongjeon Hall, Gyeonghoeru Pavilion, and Gwanghwamun, was rebuilt. How did Gyeongbokgung Palace burn during the Imjin War? The Korean History published by the Diagnostic Society roughly states as follows. "When the king left the palace, refugees first set fire to Jang Ye-won and Hyeongjo, broke into Naego, broke through financial wealth, set fire to Gyeongbokgung Palace, Changdeokgung Palace, Changgyeonggung Palace, and other small books of Bogi and Hongmungwan." In addition, when Im Hae-gun and former military commander Hong Yeo-soon's house were set fire to the house, Seoul was already set fire and plundered before the Japanese army entered." There is a counterargument to these records on the part of Jeongsa, which would have relied on the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty. In 1935, Kim Dong-in published a short article titled "Responsibility for the arson of Hanyang." On April 29, 1592, King Seonjo went to Mongjin and returned the following year, and all buildings such as Gyeongbokgung Palace, Changdeokgung Palace, Changgyeonggung Palace, Seonhyecheong Pavilion, Jongmyo Shrine, Munmyo Shrine, Jangyewon, and Hyeongjo were destroyed. This article begins by citing several original texts, saying that Joseon's old records coincide and hold Joseon Sangmin as the culprit of arson. However, Kim Dong-in claims that the culprit of Hanyang Fire Protection is not a Joseon resident. He cited the records of the Japanese warlords at the time as the basis. It cites Nabejima's records depicting how beautiful the palace of Joseon is and the Joseon Diary by Jonggunseung. It is also mentioned that Ukida, who entered the temple on May 8, camped in Jongmyo Shrine, and the house cried loudly and the sickbed died during the night, and strange events continued to occur and moved to Nambyulgung Palace. Kim Dong-in emphasizes that it is a grand palace that was destroyed by the arson of ordinary people before the Japanese army entered, and that it is clear that Jongmyo Shrine remained even after the Japanese army entered. The culprit was the invasion force at the time, he says. It is in the military law to set fire to get rid of the chase's food or position when retreating. Therefore, it is natural to set fire when the Japanese army retreats. He says the sentiment of the ruling class at the time when he turned a blind eye to this natural governor and tried to put the crime on the common people was abominable. "The whole group came near Seoul, so they couldn't even fight once and went on the way to escape in a hurry. When I ran away and came back, all the royal tombs turned into ashes. At this time, if there is even a small conscience, even if the culprit of arson is a commoner of his own country, he will have to put the crime on the enemy. This is the upper road in national psychology. "But why did you put it on Sangmin?" He says that it is because he had a bizarre psychology of seeing his common people more hateful than the enemy and has done too much to buy the original court from Sangmin. Jang Ye-won and Hyeongjo may have been burned by ordinary people and slaves, but the arsonists in the palace and Jongmyo Shrine are the invading Japanese army. In fact, Kim Dong-in translates and cites Nabejima's royal description in Chapter 8 of the Spring of Unhyeongung Palace published in the Chosun Ilbo in 1933. Moon Il-pyeong also writes that if some of them burned down, there would be no story at all, saying that he can see a line praising the architectural beauty of Gyeongbokgung Palace in the Joseon Diary of Japanese Jonggunseung. When the Japanese army entered, Gyeongbokgung Palace was intact. Citing the three volumes of the Japanese record "Jeonghan Wirak," he said that the Japanese army set fire to it during the retreat in Seoul in 1593. He only admits that Jang Ye-won's arson was before the entry of the Japanese army. If Kim Dong-in or Moon Il-pyeong's claim that the Japanese army is an arsonist in Gyeongbokgung Palace came out after liberation, it would be less convincing. However, this argument came from the 1930s based on Japanese records. Many of the field historians or local historians rely on imagination or arbitrary reasoning rather than demonstration. Kim Dong-in and Moon Il-pyeong cannot be regarded as such kind of family. It is an interesting issue that stimulates historical imagination. ● **FYI, Jang Ye-won was not in the palace in the early Joseon Dynasty. Everyone knows that Gyeongbokgung Palace was burned down during the Imjin War. However, it is incorrectly known when and by whom it was destroyed. In other words, "After the royal family and officials fled early, the people invaded the empty palace, burned slave documents, and looted treasures even before the Japanese invaders broke into the capital, Hanseong." In addition to the Annals of Seonjo Sujeong, the records of the time, such as Yoo Seong-ryong's Seoaejip, are written as such. However, this is merely a mistake for what others have heard to be true. The time when Yoo Seong-ryong directly witnessed the palace burned was on April 20th, 1593, after the allied forces of Joseon and Ming recaptured Hanseong, when Jongmyo Shrine was already burned down and all three palaces collapsed. However, on May 2, 1592, when the Japanese entered Hanseong, Gyeongbokgung Palace stood intact and revealed only the emptiness of the empty palace that lost its owner. It can be said that the lives of Gyeongbokgung Palace, Hanseong Palace, and the people were unknown until the Japanese army occupied Hanseong and rang the Seungjeon High School. If so, wouldn't the Japanese soldiers, who had lost the battle of the plains and recaptured Hanseong, have set fire to the facilities of the capital, including Jongmyo Shrine and palaces, and carried out looting and slaughter? In the Chosun Diary of King Seungseok, who participated in the war according to the Japanese army, the details of his visit to Gyeongbokgung Palace immediately after the Japanese army entered Hanseong are written, indicating the appearance of Gyeongbokgung Palace that remained intact. There is a uterus facing south under Buksan Mountain, and stones are carved to surround all directions. There is someone in every five steps, and there is an angle in every ten steps, and the eaves are high. The name of the pavilion is unknown. A ditch was built with a red island stone, which flows from west to east. There is a stone bridge in the front, and it is decorated with a stone railing with lotus patterns. Four stone lions are guarding the bridge on the left and right sides of the pier. In the middle of it, stones were trimmed and walls were built, and there were 16 stone lions, eight characters high and four in directions at each corner. On top of it are two halls: Himself and Cheongnyang. A dragon was carved under a stone pillar. The roof is covered with glass tiles and each row is like a blue dragon. The rafters are hanging trees, and each rafter has a landscape. Gold and silver were turned on the colored beams and red feet, and beads were hanging. On the walls of all sides of the ceiling, five-colored eight-chae giraffes, phoenixes, dukes, orchids, cranes, dragons, and tigers are drawn, and in the middle of the stairs, stones engraved with phoenixes are laid on the left and right sides. It is hard to tell whether this is the world of dragons or the world of gods. As can be seen from here, when the Japanese army entered, Gyeongbokgung Palace was beautiful enough to be considered a place where gods lived, rather than riding on balls, which aroused the surprise and exclamation of the royal Japanese monk. This record makes us realize how dangerous it is to see our history with the views of the ruling class, who were surprised by the serious damage of the war and severely pushed their citizens without confirming the facts. In addition, there is room for reconsideration of the record of Daedong Wild Victory, which contains the appearance of Gyeongbokgung Palace, which was rebuilt in September of the 9th year of King Myeongjong (1554), which was destroyed during the Japanese Invasion of Korea. If the palace was not burned, it would be reasonable to think that the palace paintings would have been moved and stored well or looted by the Japanese military. Therefore, it may appear in front of us someday. Now that we have not found the Hanyang Palace Dobyeong, it is a paradoxical situation that we can only look at the appearance of Gyeongbokgung Palace, which was rebuilt during King Myeongjong, with records of invaders who are the palace arsonists. Anyway, we can estimate the following valuable facts through the Chosun Diary. There is a stone bridge on the Myeongdangsu, which flows through the front of the palace, and the railing is decorated with a pillar representing the royal style of the Joseon Dynasty, and four stone beast sculptures were placed on the left and right sides of the bridge to protect the bridge. It is said that four stone beasts were carved at the four corners of the stone stylobate at the core of the palace, but this incorrectly explains the three Haitai sculptures currently there, but confirms that the remaining stone sculptures were made in the early Joseon Dynasty. And when the Japanese army entered Gyeongbokgung Palace, there were countless pavilions and haenggangs in the stone-stacked Gyeongbokgung Palace, but there were countless pavilions and haenggangs in the stone-stacked Gyeongbokgung Palace, but all the signboards were removed so that their names were unknown. Thus, it is said that there are two halls, himself and Cheongnyang, on the eight-character-high stylobate, but in terms of context, Jaseonjeon seems to refer to Geunjeongjeon Hall. The existence of Cheongnyangjeon Hall seems to have been handed down from the building from an early age, as King Taejo only said that it was the place where he avoided the prince's rebellion and did not appear in Sinjeung Dongguk Yeoji Seungram. The reason that shook the first Beopgung-Igung Yanggung system of the Joseon Dynasty from the root was the Imjin War. On April 13, 1592 (the 25th year of King Seonjo's reign), the Japanese Invasion of Korea broke out and Busanseong Fortress was captured. The next day, Dongnae, Gimhae and Miryang, Sangju on April 25, and Chungju collapsed one after another. On the 28th, the royal court discussed the issue of Geobin, the king, leaving Hanyang, and the next day, King Gwanghaegun was proclaimed as Crown Prince, and King Seonjo, the royal family, and the royal court left the Injeongjeon Hall of Changdeokgung Palace in the rain and headed north. As King Seonjo left and the Japanese army entered Hanyang, all the palaces were burned down. However, the contents are all different about the exact timing of the fire. First of all, the records of the Annals of Seonjo and the Annals of Seonjo Sujeong in Korea are mixed. ' The Annals of King Seonjo' first sent a team disguised as Joseon-gun from Chungju to confirm that the royal court had left Seoul when the Japanese army entered Seoul on May 3rd.
All the troops guarding Seoul fled, and the Japanese army reached Heunginmun Gate while Seoul was empty, and dozens of soldiers were sent into the castle first to spy dozens of times, and only after they reached Jongru and concluded that there was no Joseon defender. In the midst of this, 'At that time, all the palaces were burned down.He mentioned ''. And immediately after that, it is recorded that the Japanese general Dairano Hideye camped in Jongmyo Shrine and when a new soldier appeared and injured a large number of Japanese troops, the camp was inevitably moved to Nambyulgung Palace. On the other hand, in the Annals of Seonjo Sujeong, when he decided to leave Seoul on April 30, both the half-boks and the consorts in the palace were separated. After the funeral that the enemy would reach the city the next day due to the deep night, the ancestors, royal family, and royal court left Seoul after leaving Donuimun Gate.At this time, there is a record of "the city was burned." It is not a matter of when the palace was burned, but connected to the subject of arson. In the Annals of the First Amendment, which sees the time of the fire as April 30, the subjects of arson are regarded as civilians and refugees in the city. "When King Seonjo's Geoga tried to leave, the city's Ganmin first entered the Naetango and stole the treasure, and when Geoga left, refugees first rose to burn Jang Ye-won and Hyeongjo, who had construction slaves, looted and set fire to the palace's warehouse, and all disappeared at once." This perception was established throughout the Japanese colonial era. Gyeongseongbusa, a comprehensive book on Seoul's history and related systems compiled in 1934, still has considerable influence, affirms that the Japanese military did not do such a thing by strictly prohibiting arson or looting by military command during the Imjin War. At first, the people of heaven burned down Jang Ye-won, where the literature of the construction slave was kept, to take this opportunity to destroy his family register. The next thing that went crazy about Michang, Seonhyecheong, and each palace, would have been to loot rice and Jaebo and hide their sins by doing so. As the arguments for such arguments, <The Annals of Seonjo>, <The National Treasure>, and <Jingbirok> are presented. However, there is much room for reconsideration of this perception. The situation in Seoul before and after King Seonjo's dream and Japanese invasion was in the midst of confusion over the war situation, and most of the records of the situation at that time were not directly viewed and confirmed by me, but heard later, so it is probable but cannot be concluded. In particular, the Annals of Seonjo referred to in Gyeongseong Busa is the Annals of Seonjo Sujeong. In the Annals of King Seonjo, it is stated that "the palace was burned at this time, recording in great detail the movements of the Japanese army on May 3rd, not April 30th, when King Seonjo left Seoul." It can be interpreted that this strongly implies that the subject who burned the palace was the Japanese army. <The Annals of King Seonjo> was compiled by North Korean forces who took the lead in political power at that time in the Gwanghae Army. However, Gwanghae-gun was expelled from the throne due to the Injo Rebellion, and at this time, the North Korean forces were also removed. As for the Seoin forces that caused the Injo Rebellion, the contents of the Annals of the ancestors, which led the compilation by the North Korean forces, were inevitably dissatisfied. Naturally, on the issue of subtle political evaluation, the contents of the Annals of the Advancement and the Annals of the Amendment of the Advancement were mixed. Both annals were not compiled based on reliable data written at that time, but were only compiled by attracting personal writings and other materials after the war was destroyed. Although it is difficult to conclude which side is true due to the poor content of both diaries, it may be assumed that the Annals of the ancestors are closer to facts than the Annals of the Annals of the Annals of the Annals. First of all, <The Annals of the ancestors> was compiled first because of its large historical value, and the contents of the war situation are much more detailed and close to the facts. The record that Joseon refugees burned and plundered all the palaces, starting with Jang Ye-won, Hyeongjo, and others, is only a very malicious assumption, as if they had waited for the king to dream. Even if you accept the expression "refugee," which reflects the perspective of the ruling class at the time, the question remains as to how many palaces were looted and arsonized just before your nose. Moreover, it rained heavily on the night of April 30 when King Seonjo was leaving Seoul. Even if it rains, it is possible to burn wooden buildings such as palaces and government offices, but it is difficult to say that not a part of them have been burned out. What should be noted as data supporting this assumption is the Japanese monk or the war record of Japanese military officers who fought in the war when the Japanese army entered Seoul. The description of "Gyeongseongbusa" is in line with "Japanese Warrior's History," Tokudomi's "Modern Japanese National History," and Hidehira's "Chosun History," compiled by the former Chief of Staff Headquarters in Japan. In particular, Tokudomi's writing is almost the same as "Gyeongseong Busa". However, what is important is that the above data do not refer to Japanese data such as the Japanese's veterans and war flag during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, and the contents of the war period, such as the war, contradict the contents of Gyeongseongbusa. It describes that the palace was maintaining its shape when the Japanese army entered Seoul. First of all, in the biography of Oozeki, a general under Konishi, the Joseon Jeongbeolgi, "On May 3rd (8 p.m.), I entered the Dongdaemun, the capital of Joseon, where I saw Hwangseong, and thousands of roof tiles lined up on the walls of Okrugeumjeon." Nevertheless, I couldn't see the soldiers fighting against them, and the gate was tightly closed, so it was all quiet." Oozeki described the first appearance of Gyeongbokgung Palace he saw and the attitudes of Japanese generals who saw it as follows. When I entered Nae-ri, the palace was empty, and the four gates were arbitrarily open. Only then did I look closely at the hall, and the palace was rising above the clouds and the beautiful appearance was reminiscent of the encouragement of the Jingung... There was a scent of cosmetics in the concubine and a splendid mirror remained in the corals. The scent of the orchid exudes outside the hall, as well as the traces of people living, and beds decorated with endless beads remained intact. Each building has its doors open and there is no one guarding the palace gate, so wherever you look, it is pathetic. The brave Konishido bowed to the throne of the Heavenly Heavenly Emperor and was surrounded by a sacred and orphaned atmosphere, so Sosima, Arima, and Omura shed tears following their eyes.' The above data are more reliable than Joseon's data on the situation in Seoul at the time the Japanese army entered. In this way, it can be confirmed that the palace was not destroyed on May 3, when the Goshini unit first entered Seoul as the vanguard of the Japanese army at the time. It was on the morning of May 4 the next day when the Kato unit, the second unit of the Japanese army, entered Seoul. Until then, the palace had been preserved. Jeguka, the monk of the Kato unit, recorded his experience of admiring the palace after he first entered Seoul in the Joseon Diary. However, on May 7th, when I entered Geumjung, all the palaces were turned into grassland in another royal monk Denkei's Seojeongilgi, which is actually the beginning of Hwahu.There is a description of ". These records show that the palace was destroyed between May 4 and May 7. If the time when the palace was burned is right after the Japanese occupied Seoul, it can be assumed that the main culprit who destroyed the palace was also the Japanese army. Among the Japanese soldiers, they suggested to Toyodomi Hideyoshi that Hanyang should not be destroyed, and rather than Goshini that Joseon should not be destroyed for fear of trade being cut off, they are the main players and masters of the Choto operation. If this is an assumption and refugee arson is also presumed, wouldn't it be more convincing to assume that the Japanese military was responsible in the end, considering the postwar situation? Here, we would like to clarify that we went through the Japanese colonial period.
댓글 없음:
댓글 쓰기