As the Japanese invasion began in earnest at the beginning of the first righteous army war, the Korean Empire suffered a great ordeal. As a result, national resistance arose in various fields. The most active resistance movement to the Japanese invasion was the righteous army war. The first anti-Japanese righteous army took place in various parts of the country on the occasion of the Eulmi Incident committed by Japanese invaders and the Single Order published by the pro-Japanese cabinet. Among them, activities such as Yoo In-seok, Lee Song-eung, and falsehood were notable. The so-called Eulmi soldiers were led by Confucian scholars with the idea of Wijeong Cheoksa Temple, and the remaining forces of ordinary farmers and Donghak Peasant Army participated. They expanded military activities across the country, attacked major cities in Chungju and other provinces, and executed pro-Japanese officials and Japanese people. However, the struggle of Eulmi's soldiers ended most of the time when the pro-Japanese regime collapsed in the wake of the annexation of Korea, and the king's recommendation organization for dissolution was issued. At this time, some of the dissolved farmers organized the Hwalbindang and continued to carry out anti-feudal and anti-invasive movements. In the wake of the 2nd righteous army war (expansion of war), the Japanese imperialism unilaterally announced the conclusion of the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905 while actively invading. Accordingly, movements to condemn the invasion of Japanese imperialism and to insist on the abolition of the treaty took place everywhere. Cho Byung-se, Lee Sang-seol, and Ahn Byung-chan campaigned to appeal to the emperor demanding punishment and abolition of treaties signed by Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905, while Min Young-hwan and others protested against Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905 by self-determination due to the loss of diplomatic rights. Na Cheol and Oh Gi-ho organized a five-enemy assassination team to fire up the five-enemy's house and attack Iljinhoe to punish the traitor. In addition, people like Jang Ji-yeon spread violent anti-Japanese media to condemn Japanese imperialism and appeal for national protests. As the existence of the state was at stake in the wake of the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905, the righteous army, who rebelled again, staged a fierce armed struggle against the abolition of the treaty and the overthrow of the pro-Japanese cabinet. First, after the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905 was announced, Min Jong-sik abandoned his government post and raised a righteous army to occupy Hong Ju-seong Fortress and confronted the Japanese army. And when Choi Ik-hyun entered Sunchang with his righteous army and confronted the government forces, he stopped fighting and became a prisoner because he said he could not bear to kill his fellow soldiers, but eventually was taken to Tsushima Island by the Japanese army and died. Meanwhile, Shin Dol-seok, a righteous army commander from a commoner, gathered righteous army soldiers and entered the territorial sea, seized government weapons, and worked in Pyeonghae and Uljin, where the number of righteous army soldiers once exceeded 3,000. The conventional righteous army commander was generally Confucian, but from this time on, the activities of the righteous army commander from commoners were remarkable, showing a new aspect of the righteous army movement. With the forced resignation of Emperor Gojong and the dissolution of the army in the development of the third righteous army war, the righteous army's salvation movement developed into a righteous army war in terms of its size and nature (1907). The righteous army at this time is called the Jeongmi army. With the suicide of Park Seung-hwan, the battalion commander of the protesters, the organization and firepower of the righteous army were strengthened by joining the righteous army of the disbanded soldiers who fought against the Japanese army. During this period, the organization and activities of righteous army not only spread throughout the country, but also reached Gando Island and Maritime Province across the Tuman River. Meanwhile, righteous army units across the country formed a united front for vacuum in Seoul. More than 10,000 righteous army allied units led by Lee In-young and Heo Wi gathered in Yangju, Gyeonggi-do, and the advance team advanced to the suburbs of Seoul, but the Japanese counterattack was severe, so they could not advance further and retreated. At this time, the righteous army sent a letter to the consulates of each country in Seoul asking them to approve the righteous army as a combat organization under international law, claiming that they were independent forces. In addition, righteous army units in Kando and Maritime Province, led by Hong Bum-do and Lee Bum-yoon, attempted a domestic vacuum operation, and Ahn Jung-geun, who was active as a righteous army, killed Ito Hirobumi, the culprit of the Korean invasion, at Harbin Station in Manchuria (1909). The righteous army war, which had been actively unfolding in this way, was then greatly dampened by the brutal Japanese army's so-called South Korean punitive operation. However, many righteous army crossed the Yalu River and the Tuman River and moved to Gando and Maritime Province to become independent forces and continued to fight against Japanese imperialism. The Righteous Army Uprising was reborn as an independent army and launched a fierce anti-Japanese armed struggle. Among the activities of an independent army, General Kim Jwa-jin's battle in Cheongsan-ri and General Hong Beom-do's battle in Bongo-dong are famous. The righteous army war of the anti-Japanese righteous army war made the whole country the scope of activity and covered a wide range of social classes, but could not overpower the powerful Japanese regular forces with dominant weapons. And at first, solidarity was not strengthened due to the guidance route of the aristocratic Confucian who insisted on maintaining the feudal ruling order. After Japan-Korea Treaty of 1905 was forced, international support could not be expected because diplomatic rights were lost and internationally isolated. Thus, the righteous army war did not produce the desired results. However, the righteous army war was a representative form of the national salvation movement that occurred when the state and people were in crisis due to corruption, incompetence, and foreign invasion of the ruling class, and expressed the strong spirit of resistance of the people. Furthermore, the righteous army war formed a big stem in the history of the anti-Japanese national movement by laying the foundation for armed struggle to restore national power. In addition, the righteous army war has great significance in the history of the independence movement of the world's weak people in that it launched an armed struggle against the Japanese invasion during the early 20th century when the imperialist powers invaded a weak country.
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