A brief history of the Huns

 The history of the Huns is so long that it dates back to the 9th century B.C. and threatened China under the name of Hum Yun. Their performance was such an object of fear for the Chinese that the poem contained the phrase "The reason why we lost our homes and the reason why we couldn't rest for a while was because of Humyun." The heart of the Huns was between the Orhon-Selenga River in what is now the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China and the Karafum Desert and the Ordoz region of the Outugen Plain, which the ancient Turks regarded as sacred areas. By the 4th century B.C., the Huns' name was strongly highlighted in history. Huns greatly threatened Yeon, and in particular, Huns and Jin collided repeatedly because they were adjacent to the center of Jin. The Jungwon dynasties tried to prevent the invasion of Huns by building their own generals, but the civil war between them did not have much effect. In 221 B.C., the relationship between Hun and Jungwon changed rapidly when Qin's Emperor Xi ended the 549-year Spring and Autumn period and unified China for the first time in history. In 215 B.C., Emperor Xi gave 300,000 troops to General Mongyum to attack the Huns, and the Huns, who were pushed back by this offensive, abandoned Ordoz and temporarily retreated north of the Gobi Desert. In order to effectively cope with their invasion, Emperor Xi, who drove out the Huns, newly renovated the generals built by each country during the Warring States period to build the famous Great Wall. However, after the death of Emperor Xi, led by Jin Seung and Wu Guang's Rebellion, all parts of China were embroiled in a whirlwind of rebellion, so they had no choice but to neglect the Hun issue. At that time, Tengri Kutu Seonwoo, the ruler of the Hun, was officially named Tengri Kutu Seonwoo. When Seonwoo, the son of heaven, favored the son of the concubine and tried to hand over the throne to him, he also marked Modon, the eldest son (Mukteuk, or Mukdol). The Mongolian original name was Bator) protested. In the power struggle between the father and son, Tumen was killed by Modon and Modon became the forerunner of the Hun. Modon Seonwoo reorganized the state and strengthened the internal affairs, conquered the surrounding tribes, destroyed Dongho, which reigned as a powerhouse in the western part of Dongmongol and Manchuria, and conquered the spirit people living around the Yenisei River and Lake Baikal. It did not stop here, but advanced west again, defeating the Wolji people living in the Cheonsan Mountain Range and the Gamsuk region and driving them away to Central Asia. In parallel with Invasion from North Korea, the Ordoz region of Hanam, which had been lost to the emperor, was restored, and cities in northern China were also seized. At this time, the number of strong Huns exceeded 300,000, and at that time, China was unable to fight against Huns due to the civil war between Hangwoo and Yubang. The war between Modon Seonwoo and Han Gojo breast, which took place between 201 and 199 BC, ended with Modon's unilateral victory. In particular, at the Battle of Baekdeungsan Mountain in 200 B.C., Modon Seonwoo surrounded 300,000 troops of Han Gojo for seven days, including 400,000 troops of Hunno and surrendered Korean troops. Tired of the cold and hunger, the Han army suffered 80,000 casualties, and eventually, Han Go-jo surrendered on humiliating conditions that he offered Modon Seonwoo grain and silk every year as tribute and married Modon Seonwoo. Modon Seonwoo's conquest war expanded further, and by subjugating Wolji and Oson in northern Turkistan, almost all peoples of the Asian grasslands were unified by the Huns. The border of the Hun Empire formed a huge territory connecting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula to the east, Lake Baikal to the north, the Aral Sea to the west, the Gisu of China, the Tibetan Plateau, and the Karakoram Mountains to the south. The 60-year-old subordinate relationship between Hun and Han ended with the enthronement of Han Mu-je. In 133 B.C., Han Mu-je ambushed 100,000 soldiers in Ma-eup to lure Sun-woo, a military retainer of the Hun, but failed, and the two great powers immediately entered the war. The war between the Huns and the Republic of Korea lasted for 43 years. The extreme wars that took place everywhere ended in the destruction of the two, with the names Hanamjijeon, Haseojijeon, Maknamjijeon, and Makbukjijeon. The national power of Han, handed down by the economy and problems, was consumed for the war of the Great Chest, and the Hanmuje was eager to raise arms. At this time, a vicious fiscal exploitation policy emerged to tax salt, iron plows, and even rice bowls. This theory of salt iron later became the beginning and scripture of the national resale system. As the situation worsened so much, Han's social discipline reached its worst level that even ordinary crimes were resolved by paying money. When Hanmuje died in 87 B.C., the population of Han decreased from the initial 40 million to 20 million. In the end, the Bank of Korea went on the path of collapse due to unreasonable violent labor. The situation of the Huns was not easy. The constant war with the Korean Peninsula resulted in numerous deaths, 200,000 people being captured and taken to the Korean Peninsula, and the central Asian city-states, which used to be the money line for the Huns, fell under the control of the Han, and the Hun's economy was devastated. In addition, the subordinates who saw the weakness of the Hun began to rebel. At that time, the subjects who rebelled against the Huns were the spirits around Lake Baikal, the scholars along the Shiramuren River (the descendants of Dongho, who was destroyed by the Huns), and Oson, north of the Silk Road. The misfortune of the Hun Empire never stopped. The expeditionary forces, who went to conquer Oson, suffered a terrible snowstorm and self-destructed before the battle, and in 68 B.C., the worst natural disaster occurred, leading to an extreme situation in which 60-70% of the people and livestock died. The departure of neighboring subordinate countries and repeated natural disasters gradually caused internal conflicts in the Huns. Starting with the death of Heo Ryeo-kwon in 60 B.C., this internal conflict expanded to a state of civil war in which five Seonwoos, including pottery, Hogae, Duri, Ocha, and Hohanya, were scattered, leading to endless confusion. In 56 B.C., four Seonwoos were defeated one after another, and Hohanya Seonwoo managed to resolve the confusion. However, this time, King Hushun in the west, the cousin of pottery, became independent and became Gyujin Seonwoo, and Hohanya's older brother, Hodo Osa, the port king in the east, became independent and called him Seonwoo whether he would lose. From 54 B.C., the forces of Jilji gradually became stronger, defeated Gyujin, and then attacked Hohanya. Hohanya, attacked by Jilji, fled south with his subjects, surrendered to the Han's predecessor, and became his servant. In return, Hohanya ruled the border area of Owon-gun in northwest China. As a result, by 55 B.C., the Hun's power was completely divided and further weakened, and the attack on China was completely lost. At this time, the breakthrough of the Jill was in the west. First of all, Jilji, who defeated Hohanya and took the throne of Sunwoo, continued to advance west in 51 B.C. and merged Ogal of the Silk Road and Gyeongon of the Xinjiang Uighur region. After subjugating the Qiu River and southern Kazakhstan, which were threatened by Oson's invasion, they attacked Oson and conquered a vast area of the Aral Sea. In 41 B.C., the capital of the new Hun Empire was built in Gyeongon between the Chu River and the Talas River, and castles were built to defend. This served as an opportunity for Turkic races to settle in earnest in Turkistan, which connects Iran, Afghanistan, India, and East and West Europe. Furthermore, Fergana and Bactria belonged to the Huns, and Jilji prepared to attack the kingdom of Parthia, which connects the southwest border to the Anatolian Peninsula. However, Sunwoo's grand dream did not last long. Before the effective governance system for vast conquests was completely overhauled, it was attacked persistently by Han. After taking control of Ganggeo and Oson, Han launched an attack on Jilji Seonwoo in Ganggeo in 36 B.C. Seventy thousand Korean soldiers dispatched from the Hun and other subjugated countries fought a fierce battle surrounding the Hun city on the Talas River. Eventually, the city was completely destroyed, 1,518 Huns including Jilji were killed, and the other Huns were scattered. The Huns, who were dispersed in search of new residences due to the death of Zilji Seonwoo, further advanced and settled in Central Asia, formed a state in the eastern Sogdiana, the Dnepr River, and the Aral Sea. The Huns, who enjoyed a peaceful life without much friction with neighboring countries for about two centuries, advanced further from Central Asia to Europe due to changes in natural climate, depletion of ecosystems, and pressure from their compatriots, the Aftals, who were driven out of North China around 350. The first time the Huns appeared in Europe was 374 A.D., and from then on, the Huns were called Huns. In 374, the Huns conquered the Alans, who had been powerful in South Russia and the Caucasus under the leadership of commander Balamir, and in the same year attacked the Kingdom of Dongot, which now occupies Ukraine. Armanarik, the king of Dongot at the time, committed suicide, and the Huns appointed Hurimund as king to rule Dongot. As a result, the East Goths were ruled by the Huns for 80 years. The Huns' amazing mobility and excellent horseback riding tactics, which threatened Han, the strongest power in East Asia, were fully demonstrated in Western Europe. The Huns defeated the Seogoths on the Dneffre River, and in 375, King Atanarik, along with the remaining forces, sought protection from the Roman Empire and moved to what is now Bulgaria across the Don River. The Huns' continued attacks and strong military forces were unable to counter any Germanic people at the time, which led to countless Germanic peoples fleeing their territories and moving into the Roman Empire, which was the beginning of a great migration of the Germans in history. Before this, the Roman Empire was practically divided, and the invasion of the West Goths further promoted it, and in 395, the Roman Empire was finally divided into east and west. The emergence of the Huns and the rapid conquest of Eastern Europe caused extreme fear among Europeans. The exaggerated description and hostility of the Huns in Latin or Greek literature reflect this well. The Huns, who continued to advance, crossed the Tuna River in the spring of 378 with an army composed of the Goths, the Allans, and the Germanic Taipali who were dispatched from the conquering land, and reached Thracia without resistance from the Romans. But the first step in Rome's territory, However, the Huns' reserve forces, which took their first steps into Roman territory, were merely reconnaissance avant-garde troops. At the same time, another unit of Hun was conducting a raid on the Hungarian meadow. At this time, many peoples in Eastern Europe, threatened by the Huns' attacks, began to gradually move into the Roman compound. The Markomanni, Kuad, Iranian nomads, Sarmatians, and the Visigoths of Transylvania, who lived in Austrian arable land, invaded the Roman compound in 381 through different channels. On the other hand, Germanic tribes and Iranian bashtarna threatened the south coast and Italy along the Alps in western Hungary. The Huns began their full-fledged invasion of Rome in the spring of 395, when Roman Emperor Theodosius I died and Rome and East and West were divided. The Huns, who launched attacks across the two fronts, pressed East Rome from the Balkans toward Thracia, and another main force from the Caucasus to the Anatolian Plateau. In particular, the Anatolian expedition was led by the eastern legions of the Hun Empire, based in the Don River basin, and was led by two commanders, Bashik and Kurshik. The expedition caused extreme tension and fear not only in the Eastern Roman Empire but also in the Sasanjo Persian Empire due to the size of the army and the influence of the reorganization of the situation in neighboring countries. The Huns' elite troops started from the Erzurum region, passed through the valleys of Karasu and Euphrates, and advanced to Melitene (now Malatia) and Kilicia (now Chukurova). After occupying Edessa (now Urfa) and Antachian fortresses, the most important strategic locations there, they moved south to Syria and attacked Tyros (now Sur). Then he went back to Jerusalem. Hun's army turned north again in the fall of 395, arriving in Central Anatolia, ravaging Caisserie and Capadocia and Galatia on the plains of Ankara, where it returned to its northern base along the Azerbaijan-Baku road. In 398, the Hun army carried out another expedition to Anatolia, but the Eastern Roman Emperor Arcadius I had to stand by helplessly and watch the Hun army invade his territory. The rapid expedition of the Huns to Anatolia and the subsequent destruction and killing are particularly evident in the negative tales and dances of the Huns written by the Eastern Christian Church clergy in the region. Meanwhile, in the western camp around 400 years, the Huns expedition was led by Commander Uldin. Uldin, a descendant of Balamir, laid the foundation for the Huns' foreign policy that continued until the time of Attila. The basis of his policy was to maintain friendly relations with the West while threatening the Eastern Roman Empire. This was because the primary goal was to block East-West Roman relations, prevent the emergence of political forces threatening Hun, and effectively check more powerful Eastern Rome. In addition, because the neighboring peoples attacking Western Rome were hostile to Hun, Hun tried to target them in alliance with Western Rome. When Uldin, who was pressuring various ethnic groups scattered in Eastern Europe, appeared along the Tuna River with a large army, a second ethnic movement began. Visigoths, who were attacked by the Vandal and Huns, flocked to the Italian border. Stilico, a Roman general from the Vandal, defended Rome in April 402 by struggling to defeat the Alaric-led Seogoth army, but was unable to effectively cope with the ongoing attacks of the surrounding peoples. Finally, General Radagiasus of Dongot united several Germanic tribes, including Bandal, Suebi, Cuad, and Burgund, who were driven out by the Huns to attack Rome. The Huns intervened when Italy was devastated and even General Stilico lost the Battle of Fabia. In the fall of 406, Roman and Uldin-led Hun's army won a great victory at the Battle of Paesule in southern Florence and executed Radagiasus, saving the West dramatically from the crisis. As a result, the power of the Huns vibrated throughout Europe. The Bandal, Allan, Suebi, and Sarmatians moved across the Rhine toward Gaul, avoiding the Huns' threat. Hun's Western European management has now become more vibrant as political and military obstacles have been removed. Uldin was the king who ruled the western part of Hun. He continued to threaten the Byzantine by crossing the Tuna River in 404–405 and securing a bridgehead in the southern part of the river in 409. In addition, according to Greek literature, Uldin showed off the power of the Hun Empire by declaring to the Governor-General of Trachia, who was dispatched for peace negotiations with Hun, that he would conquer all the territory from where the sun rose to where the sun set. 410 With the death of Uldin, the rule of the Hun Empire was delegated to Carathon. He was active in Hun's eastern management for about a decade from 412 to 422. 422 was the same year as the beginning of a new era in the history of the Hun Empire. In this year, the four brothers of the Hun family, Luga, Munjuk, Aibars, and Octar, competed for power with each other, and Luga took the throne. And with Munjuk's death, the other two brothers were sealed by the local Elig (King Bun, respectively. Luga, who inherited Uldin's policy, defeated the Byzantine army in 422 when the Byzantine attempted to make an expedition to the Balkans against Hun's infighting and subjugation, and imposed an annual donation of 350 libres (Libre = 450 grams). In 423, Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II (408-450) launched an invasion of Rome against Western Roman Emperor Valentian III, who ascended to power at the age of four. When the Army and Navy of East Rome advanced to Italy, the West asked the Huns for help. Luga led 60,000 cavalry to the Italian front. At this time, the Roman Senate abolished the young emperor and appointed Johannes as its new emperor. At the time, Aetius, a 35-year-old Western general, quickly joined Lucca's camp to escape the war in Western Rome. Hun's invasion forced the Byzantine army to pay heavy war compensation instead of the ruins of Rome by evading and retreating from a hopeless war. In 432, Aetius fled the Hun Empire to escape the attack of his political opponent Bonifacius, who fought against the African half-moon king Geisserik. This fact disproves that the Hun Empire, along with Lucca's strong governance, had a direct influence on Rome's internal and external policies. In the spring of 434, Luga died and Attila and Bleda took over. Attila, who was 40 years old at the time of his ascension as king of the Hun Empire, was raised by his uncle Luga when his father, Munjuk, died early. At the same time, he participated in numerous conquest wars and had an opportunity to grasp the circumstances of various races and countries around him, and he was able to build up his virtues as a ruler and experience in state management. Attila, along with his brother Bleda, succeeded to rule the Hun Empire. Bleda was romantic and enjoyed art, and sovereignty, including military operations and establishment of foreign relations, was exercised by Attila. Uncle Aibar and Octar continued to enjoy the status of the former King Luga era as wealthy kings in the eastern and western regions, respectively. Bleda died around 445 after participating in the empire for 11 years as Attila's collaborator, and rumors circulated that Attila was killed. In the spring of 434, when the Byzantine mission dispatched by Theodosius II reached the Hun border, King Louga died and Attila welcomed them. Attila greeted the Byzantine envoy on horseback on the wall of Constantia on the north bank of Tuna, opposite the fortress of Margus in the Byzantine territory, firmly conveying Hun's requirements for peace. First, the Byzantine must cease contact and solidarity with Hun's subjects. Second, send back those who fled from Hun to the Byzantine immediately. Third, trade deals between the two countries should be conducted only in designated border villages. Fourth, the annual contribution to the Byzantine Hun will be doubled to 700 libre (about 315 kg). This was called the Treaty of Constantinople. Theodosius II accepted the peace agreement unconditionally and handed over the fugitives to Hun as the first step in implementing the agreement. Attila imprinted his authority and prestige on the Byzantine and other neighboring countries by executing them in Karsus, Trakia, within the Byzantine territories. Then Attila traveled to the eastern part of the empire and crushed the Sharagurian rebellion along the Volga River in 435. By this time, the eastern center was on the Dneffre River, and the western center was in the Tuna region. The territory incorporated into the Hun Empire covered a vast area from the Balkans, Caucasus to the Baltic coast, and from the Ural Mountains to the Alps, with 45 subjugated races. The subordinates were merely members of the Hun as a political unity, maintained their own language and customs, and were ruled by tribal chiefs, governors, and kings of the same race at the ethnic, ethnic, and national levels. Until the middle of the 5th century, political stability continued within the Hun Empire. At this time, due to the great migration of the Germanic tribes, many ethnic groups traveled through the Western Roman compound to commit atrocities and plunder, and farmers in distress rebelled, and the country was in trouble. Then Rome sent Aetius again to ask Hun for reinforcements. The two-year peasant revolt managed to execute the ringleader and subdue the disturbance with the help of soldiers sent by Aetius and Attila. But this time King Gundikar of the Burgundians invaded Belgium and threatened the western part of Hun. Under the command of Octar, the king of the western part of Hun, Hun's army won the battle between Hun and the Burgundians, with 20,000 Burgundians, including King Gundikar. This war became the subject of the famous medieval German epic Nibelungen Song. As a result of the battle in which the main forces of the Germanic tribes were defeated by Hun, many ethnic groups such as Burgund, Bayabur, Frank, and Longobard were newly placed under Hun's influence. After 440, Attila's attack on the Byzantine was further strengthened. This was due to Theodosius II's refusal to repatriate fugitives from Hun without thoroughly complying with the Constantine Agreement. Theodosius stimulated Hun by not repatriating Arnegisilhus from the Goths among Hun's prisoners, but by appointing him as a general and sending him to Thracia on the border of Hun.In addition, trading principles on the border market were often violated by Greek merchants. In particular, Bishop Margos robbed Hun's tomb near Constantia, and the Huns' ill feeling toward the Byzantine reached its peak. At this time, Geyserik, the Asiatic king of North Africa, asked Atilla for reinforcements against the Byzantine, which prevented them from entering the Mediterranean. For this reason, the Hun army, led by Attila, went on the first Balkan expedition starting with the occupation of Margos, took over Singidunum and Naisus, now Belgrade, and stopped its advance in Thracia through Western mediation and re-entered an agreement with the Byzantine. Aethius, the powerful ruler of the West, made sure to abide by Theodosius' peace agreement and sent his son Carpillio to the court of Hunting as a guarantee. Attila, who accepted Aetius' proposal, took over the Byzantine fortifications scattered along the Tuna River and completely destroyed the Balkan fortresses that could be a base of attack against Hun. In 445, the death of his brother Bleda brought Attila to the top of power in name and reality. By complete military control of the region from West Asia to Central Europe, there was no force against it, including East and West Rome. However, when the Byzantine Empire violated the agreement with Hun again, Attila attempted the second Balkan expedition in 447. Attila's army attacked the Byzantine compound from two directions, capturing Sardika, Philipopolis, Marciano Polis, and Arcadiolis, and plundered each city. The Huns continued to march to Thermopylae in Thessaly and lay in Atira (now Buyuk Chekmeze outside Istanbul) to surround Constantinople. When the situation became urgent, Theodosius sent Anatolius, the political officer, to Attila to propose a truce. Known as the Anatolian Agreement, the ceasefire stipulates that the two trade markets should not station Byzantine troops in the five-day south of Thuna, and that the two countries should pay Hun 6,000 libres (about 2,700 kg) in compensation for the war and triple their annual contribution should be doubled to 2,100 libres (about 945 kg). Because the Byzantine finances were incapable of paying such enormous war compensation and seniority, Theodosius conspired to murder Attila, but information was leaked and failed. Attila's attention, however, was more focused on Western Rome, which was weakened by internal strife than on Eastern Rome. Attila's military aid to Western Rome was last suspended in 439. While faithfully fulfilling his contributions to Hun, Seoma was preparing for a showdown with Hun, on the other hand, centered on commander Aetius. Attila thus approached carefully and worked hard to build up his military strength. In 448, when the two-year military build-up and political stability came to an end, they finally launched a diplomatic offensive against the West. First of all, Attila announced that she would accept Honoria, the younger sister of Emperor Valentian III (425–455), who once sent her an engagement ring after her marriage was decided. and asked for the Gaul (now France) province as a dowry for the wedding gift. When Valentian and Aetius rejected Attila's request, Attila used it as a pretext for invading the West. In early 451, the Hun army, which began its expedition from the center of Hungary to the west, had a size of 80,000 to 100,000 people. Germanic and Slavic subjugation forces of the same size as Hun joined, and the scale increased to about 200,000. By the time 200,000 Hun Allies crossed the Rhine from three directions and entered Gaul in mid-March 451, Italy, Aetius's Roman army had formed a large army of the same size as Hun, forming a group of Burgundy, Sogot, and Franks against Hun. Finally, on April 7, Hun conquered Metis and Durocottoroom and confronted Aetius, who was stationed there at Aurelianum (now Orléans) near Paris. However, the showdown between the West and Hun and the two major powers of the Western world took place in Catalanum on June 20, 451. After a fierce battle that lasted all day, both sides ended without a winner or loser, leaving 165,000 dead. European historians have described this battle as a victory for Rome since the 19th century, in which the Roman army was not destroyed and the Hun retreated. However, another study revealed that the Roman chain of command collapsed on the night of the war, and Aetius himself was surrounded by the Hun camp, isolated, and finally escaped, and the Franks and the Visigoths, who died in the Roman army, were severely damaged and retreated. As a result, Hun's invasion of Western Rome devastated Gallia, which served as a military base for the Roman Empire, blocking the rear supply lines of Western Rome. The weakening of Aetius' position after this war is also very suggestive in relation to the victory or defeat of the war. Attila's army returned to the capital city of Pannonia about 20 days after leaving Gaul. And a year later, he carried out another large-scale expedition to Italy. According to Prospertiro's records, who was the attendant of Pope Leo I, Aetius, who lost his defense against Attila's attack, continued to advance without resistance, recommended Emperor Valentian to leave Italy and flee. In the spring of 452, Attila led a large army of 100,000 people across the Alps to the plains of Venice today. He captured the castle of Aquilea and marched south again, conquering the area of Aemilia, and reaching the outskirts of Ravenna, the capital of the Western Roman Empire at that time. Urgent by the unrest of the terrified people and the attack of the enemy, the Western Roman Empire accepted the Pope and Senate's proposal for peace and urgently dispatched a delegation. In mid-July 452, a delegation of Pope Leo I visited Atilla, which was located on the banks of the Minshio River and the Po River. On behalf of the Western Roman Emperor and the Christian world, the Pope politely requested that the destruction of Rome be restrained. Attila promised not to devastate Rome in terms of cultural protection, recalling the precedent of advancing to the suburbs of Constantinople five years ago and withdrawing even before the occupation of the Byzantine capital. Attila believed that the Pope's visit had already been placed under his rule like the Byzantine Empire. This is evident in the record of Priscus' message of Romulus, the Western envoy who visited Hun's capital in 448, suggesting that East and West Rome was already under his rule by revealing that the next target of attack was the Sasanian Persian Empire. However, his dream of becoming a world empire did not come true. After returning from an expedition to Italy, Attila died suddenly on the night of her wedding with Erika (Ildico, Hildico), the daughter of the German Emperor. Attila's reputation and fear of it spread throughout Europe. His novels, legends, paintings, plays, operas and sculptures poured out of Italy, Gaul, Germanic, British and Scandinavia. A new Attila study in the late 20th century highlights the fact that he was a great political leader of his time, with great virtues, governance, excellent international sense and exceptional commanders, while being disparaged as a thorough barbarian and predator by the closed Christian community of the Middle Ages. After Attila's death, the Hun Empire was sharply weakened by internal strife over the succession to the throne. Attila's son, Prince Elak, was killed in a battle in Pannonia with the rebellious Germanic Allied Forces, and Dengizik lost his life in a battle against the Byzantine Empire. Realizing that the Huns were difficult to settle in Europe, Irnek led the war-torn Huns to the west coast of the Black Sea. Under Irnek's leadership, the Huns appeared on the plains of South Russia at the time, and joined the Bulgarians and Mazars (Hungarians), who settled in the Balkans and Central Europe to build the country, giving them many political, military and cultural influences. For this reason, Arafat, the chief who led the Mazarites to settle in Hungarian soil and established a kingdom, claimed to be a descendant of Attila, and the Hungarians still value Attila as a great monarch. References: Turkish History <Korea Textbook Co., Ltd.> Wind of Ambition in Eurasia <Minjokwon> Attila, King of Huns <Garam Planning>