beginning and end of the Southern Bay period

 The Southern Man period in Japanese history refers to the period from 1543, when Europeans first visited Japan, to 1650, when almost all Europeans were expelled from the archipelago after the declaration of a blockade.   The Chinese character "Namman" was originally the name of people from South Asia or Southeast Asia. There was a custom in which the Chinese called the "Orangkae" surrounding them by names in four directions: east, west, south, and north. - East, West, South, and North - In Japan, the word "South Bay" was used in a new sense to refer to the Portuguese who first visited Japan in 1543, followed by the Spanish, and later the Dutch and British. The word "South Bay" was thought to be a natural name for new visitors because Europeans came by boat from the south and their attitudes seemed very crude to the Japanese. This is how the Japanese records of the time are transmitted. "South Koreans don't use chopsticks like us, but use their fingers to eat. They express their feelings without restraint. They don't even understand the meaning of letters."  Japan's paper industry was incomparable to Europe's. While Japanese people blow their noses with soft disposable "toilet paper" made of Japanese paper, most people in the West still blew their noses using their sleeves.  Alejandro Balignano was born in 1539 in the kingdom of Naples and is an Italian Jesuit missionary who contributed greatly to spreading Christianity to Far East Asia, especially Japan.  He joined the Jesuits in 1566 and was dispatched to the Far East in 1573.  It is interpreted that the reason why the Italian missionary supervised the Portuguese-controlled Asian region, which was noisy at the time, was the intention of the Vatican to strengthen its influence over the colonial region.   Balignano establishes a Jesuit university in Macau. He left the orphan and visited Japan three times in 1579, 1590, and 1598. Balignano respected the Japanese people very much and hoped that Japan would become the most exemplary Christian country in the world in the future. He left a well-known evaluation of the Japanese as follows. The Japanese "not only excel other Asians, but also outperform Europeans" (1542-64) Balignano sent four Japanese aristocrats led by Manzio Ito to Europe, the first Japanese to be ordained as Jesuit priests, thereby establishing the first organization in Asia to cultivate native priests.   Balignano died in Macau in 1606.  Originally proposed by Alejandro Balignano to send the Japanese mission to Europe, the three Christian daimyo, Omura, Otomo and Arima, served as sponsors. Otomo Sorin, a daimyo in the Bungo area of Kyushu, was acquainted with Ito Shrinosuke, Manchio Ito's father, so Manchio Ito decided to act as a spokesperson for the party. In 1582, Manchio Ito departs from Nagasaki with three other nobles. Balignano, a supporter of the group, also accompanied two servants, a tutor, and an interpreter, Diego de Mesquita.   Their arrival in Lisbon was in August 1584, and they stayed in Macau, Cochin and Goa for about nine months during the voyage. Upon arriving in Lisbon, the delegation headed for Rome, the original goal of the journey. In Rome, Mancio Ito is appointed an honorary citizen and will also receive a European aristocracy named Cavaliere di Speron d'oro. While the delegation was in Europe, they met Spanish kings Felipe II, the Duke of Francisco de' Medici, the Duke of Tuscany, Pope Gregory XIII, and his successor Pope Sixteen. The delegation returned to Japan on July 21, 1590. The delegation left all of their long journey in books for eight years. The four soon became the first Japanese Jesuit priests to be ordained by Alejandro Balignano.  On top of the first Japanese delegation to Europe in 1586, from left to right: Julio Nakamura, Father Masquita, and Ito Manchio. Down - from left to right: Martinao Hara, Miguel Chizhi and the South Bay gunmen Japanese were most interested in the guns of the orangas. The first Europeans to visit Japan were three Portuguese who arrived in Tanegashima, Japan's southern island, on a Chinese ship, and they had Arquebus and ammunition. At that time, Japan was in the middle of a civil war called the Warring States Period.   To be exact, the Japanese were already familiar with gunpowder, and since 270 years before the Portuguese came, they have used Chinese presidents and flowerpots on the battlefield. However, the Portuguese guns were light and easy to aim for because they were in a way that was fired up with arrows.    Shortly afterwards, Japanese blacksmiths learned the mechanisms for operating firearms and began to produce guns in large quantities.    It was 1556, 13 years after Mentos Pinto, one of the merchants who handed over the Hwaseunggun at the time, left when he stepped on Japanese soil. Even in the remote mountainous area, it was so widespread that there was no place without guns. Faced with this reality, Mentos Pinto attributes it to Japanese instinctively liking weapons and military issues.    Nearly 50 years later, "By the end of the 16th century, guns became the most common thing in Japan, incomparable to any other country in the world."  The Japanese army was armed with guns so large that any European army of its time looked shabby.    Guns were used as powerful tools to unify Japan under the power of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu, and were also used as main weapons in the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 and 1597.     In 1583, at the end of the Warring States period, Balignano sent the following documents to King Felipe II of Spain.  "Japan is a country that cannot be controlled by foreigners. The Japanese are not helpless and ignorant enough to withstand the rule of foreigners. Therefore, King Espanya will not have any control or jurisdiction over Japan, nor will he ever have."       Spain reigned as Europe's greatest military power. It goes without saying that the king of Spain exercised the greatest power of his time. For such a king, the Catholic priest writes that Japan is a country that cannot be controlled by foreigners. There are many reasons. The missionary cited the warlike nature of the Japanese and also the solidity of the Japanese territory. This is because Japan is a very far-off country that cannot be reached without going through a long and rough voyage.   Japan's steel forging method was the best in the world, its military equipment was sharp, and its military power was noticeably strong. I don't know if this report was valid, but wherever I went, I led armed soldiers to colonize Spain, but I didn't attack Japan in particular.       In 1609, the Spanish royal family once issued a special declaration to the commander of the Spanish army in the Pacific, saying, "Don't collide with the Japanese army and put our military and national reputation in danger." Conversely, they were expelled from Japan in the 1630s.   The southern barbarians' ships had a great influence on the ship manufacturing industry in Japan, and in fact, many Japanese merchants went abroad on the Namman Line at that time.  It is a 1634 Japanese master ship that imitates Western-style horizontal sails, triangular sails, rudder, and tail. These ships are generally armed with six to eight cannons. The Shogunate established an overseas trade system in which it sailed through East Asia and Southeast Asia through a ship called the owner ship that gave the permit. The master ships were stealing the structure of the Namman Line in terms of sails, direction keys, and the arrangement of cannons. The owner ship carried many Japanese settlers to ports in Southeast Asia, and sometimes had the ability to have a great influence on events that took place in the settlement area, as in the case of Yamada Nagamasa, a well-known Japanese adventurer in Siam (Thailand.    At the beginning of the 17th century, the shogunate produced several ships of pure southern design, such as the Galeon ship San Juan Bautista, which crossed the Pacific Ocean to Nueva Espanya (Mexico) with the help of foreign engineers. The following is a vivid record of the actions of Tsunenaga Hasekura and his party. "The Japanese never touch food, but instead eat with three fingers holding two small sticks." "They blew their noses with soft, silky paper, never used it twice, and it was customary to throw the nose-pulled paper on the ground, and they enjoyed seeing our country around the Japanese quickly pick up the discarded paper."     "The Japanese sword was so sharp that they put soft paper on the blade and blew it with their mouth, and it was cut off."   Pope Paul V (1605-1621) wrote a letter to Date Masamune, the Daimyo of Sendai, in 1615, Pope Felipe III (1598-1621) of Daimyo of Sendai, Duke of Lema, the Christian godfather of Diego Velazquez Hasekura Tsunaga (16031). It refers to the southern lacquerware, which refers to the way furniture is painted or done in Portuguese style, and was a very popular item in Japan at the end of the 16th century.       Namman Snack - a cake modeled after Portuguese and Spanish confectionery, and typically ordered by Castilla, the name Castilla. Snacks made from the "South barbarians" cake are also sold at supermarkets in Japan today.  Nammansa Temple refers to the first Catholic cathedral built in Kyoto. With the support of Nobunaga Oda, the Jesuits

"Japan is a country that cannot be controlled by foreigners. The Japanese are not helpless and ignorant enough to withstand the rule of foreigners. Therefore, King Espanya will not have any control or jurisdiction over Japan, nor will he ever have."       Spain reigned as Europe's greatest military power. It goes without saying that the king of Spain exercised the greatest power of his time. For such a king, the Catholic priest writes that Japan is a country that cannot be controlled by foreigners. There are many reasons. The missionary cited the warlike nature of the Japanese and also the solidity of the Japanese territory. This is because Japan is a very far-off country that cannot be reached without going through a long and rough voyage.   Japan's steel forging method was the best in the world, its military equipment was sharp, and its military power was noticeably strong. I don't know if this report was valid, but wherever I went, I led armed soldiers to colonize Spain, but I didn't attack Japan in particular.       In 1609, the Spanish royal family once issued a special declaration to the commander of the Spanish army in the Pacific, saying, "Don't collide with the Japanese army and put our military and national reputation in danger." Conversely, they were expelled from Japan in the 1630s.   The southern barbarians' ships had a great influence on the ship manufacturing industry in Japan, and in fact, many Japanese merchants went abroad on the Namman Line at that time.  It is a 1634 Japanese master ship that imitates Western-style horizontal sails, triangular sails, rudder, and tail. These ships are generally armed with six to eight cannons. The Shogunate established an overseas trade system in which it sailed through East Asia and Southeast Asia through a ship called the owner ship that gave the permit. The master ships were stealing the structure of the Namman Line in terms of sails, direction keys, and the arrangement of cannons. The owner ship carried many Japanese settlers to ports in Southeast Asia, and sometimes had the ability to have a great influence on events that took place in the settlement area, as in the case of Yamada Nagamasa, a well-known Japanese adventurer in Siam (Thailand.    At the beginning of the 17th century, the shogunate produced several ships of pure southern design, such as the Galeon ship San Juan Bautista, which crossed the Pacific Ocean to Nueva Espanya (Mexico) with the help of foreign engineers. The following is a vivid record of the actions of Tsunenaga Hasekura and his party. "The Japanese never touch food, but instead eat with three fingers holding two small sticks." "They blew their noses with soft, silky paper, never used it twice, and it was customary to throw the nose-pulled paper on the ground, and they enjoyed seeing our country around the Japanese quickly pick up the discarded paper."     "The Japanese sword was so sharp that they put soft paper on the blade and blew it with their mouth, and it was cut off."   Pope Paul V (1605-1621) wrote a letter to Date Masamune, the Daimyo of Sendai, in 1615, Pope Felipe III (1598-1621) of Daimyo of Sendai, Duke of Lema, the Christian godfather of Diego Velazquez Hasekura Tsunaga (16031). It refers to the southern lacquerware, which refers to the way furniture is painted or done in Portuguese style, and was a very popular item in Japan at the end of the 16th century.       Namman Snack - a cake modeled after Portuguese and Spanish confectionery, and typically ordered by Castilla, the name Castilla. Snacks made from the "South barbarians" cake are also sold at supermarkets in Japan today.  Nammansa Temple refers to the first Catholic cathedral built in Kyoto. Thanks to the support of Oda Nobunaga, the Jesuit priest, Gneth Soldo Organcantino, first built a cathedral in 1576. Eleven years later (1587), Nammansa Temple was destroyed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. At the end of the Southern barbarian period, in 1603, Japan was unified by Ieyasu Tokugawa, but due to the growing threat of Christianity, Japan suddenly locked its doors to the barbarians in the south.    By 1650, foreigners who had not left Japan had been warned to be executed except for some trade with Dejima and China, an external port of Nagasaki for trade with the Netherlands, and Christians had been forced to abandon their faith by torture. The production and distribution of guns were strictly prohibited, and a more 'civilized' knife took its place. Traveling and building large ships were also prohibited. Soon after, the era of closed, peaceful, and prosperous gradual development, known as the Edo period, came.  Two hundred years later, the "barbarians" came back to Japan after the Industrial Revolution, and in 1854 they were forced to open their doors by the battleships of Admiral Perry, commander of the U.S. Navy's East Indian Fleet, ending Japan's isolation policy.