This is the contents of the Black Moon History, a report submitted to the Southern Song government in June 1233 and December 1234, supplemented by what Pang Dae-ah and Seo Jeong, the envoys of Southern Song dispatched to Mongolia, saw and heard in Mongolia after returning home. As shown in that the positions before and after the dispatch of Pang Dae-ah and Seo Jeong-eun are all experts in military analysis and records, respectively, in that they are the vice minister of Sacheon Dance and Gangdong Military Manpower, respectively. The Black Moon Strategy is so meticulous and systematic in general that it is incomparable to the previously written mongdalbirok. Mongolian records from the Ogothai Khan period contain as many as 50 items: Mongolian key figures, geographical climate, hunting style, language and writing, calendar and fortune-telling, government names, taboos, laws, general customs, tax systems, trade, horse breeding, military organization, weapons, tactics, and current war. Due to these characteristics, the Black Moon Book is an indispensable librarian in Mongolian research. In fact, the authors of this book, Paeng Daia and Seo Ting, later led the defense forces against the invasion of the Mongol army in Sacheon. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mongolian horse riding and archery When he was a baby, he tied a board (cradle) with a string and hung it on a horse, followed by his mother. At the age of three, people are allowed to run with their hands by holding a felt saddle. From the age of four to five, they have small bows and short arrows. After that, when he grows up, he is engaged in hunting all year round. When riding a horse, don't sit down and stand up. Therefore, 80% to 90% of the force is applied to the top of the foot, and only 20% to 20% of the force is applied to the flat legs. The speed is as fast as a whirlwind, and the momentum is as strong as pressing down a mountain. Also, the technique of rotating a horse from side to side is like a flying bird. Therefore, you can shoot an arrow to the right while looking to the left. There is no push in horses have no push. When shooting off the horse, raise your legs in a line of eight, and bend your back while maintaining a wide stride. Therefore, it is very powerful and can pierce armor. Those who are 15 years old or older in Mongolia will become soldiers. There are only cavalry, no infantry, and each person has two to three or six to seven passenger horses. The 50th generation is called the first head. The first head refers to a unit. Mongolia's generals gather strong men in the army to form their own troops, who are entirely on the left and right of the captain. They are called Batorgoon. In the past, when they attacked the West Hana and the Geum Dynasty, they advanced and attacked the castle. Written Witnesses: I've never seen anyone walking to and from Mongolia. At the time of his appearance, the commander makes each person carry five to six, or three to four horses, in addition to the horses they are currently riding, to always prepare themselves for the left level. Even the poor must carry one or two horses. Mongolia's military armor includes Katangodel and Kudesutu Koyak (six layers of leather armor), and the bow is Wanyanggakgung (in the form of double bending, with handles connecting both sides in the middle and 90 centimeters long). Arrows include Hyangjeon (crying arrows), Tagoljeon, and Bichimjeon. Cut wood to form a frame, and make an arrow's collar with the feathers of an eagle that fell to the ground. The knife is a curved knife (Hwando) that imitates the shape of Uighur, which is very light, very hard, and sharp. It is easy to swing because it is short and narrow. The window has a long and short window, and the blade is like a chisel, so it does not slip when it touches an object, and thick armor can be pierced. Shields are made of leather or willow by weaving it like a jorit. It is 90 centimeters wide and 135 centimeters long. There is also a round shield, especially the vanguard uses it well. It is convenient to get off the horse and shoot an arrow, and is an offensive shield used entirely to defeat the enemy. In addition, there is a round shield made of iron, which is also used as a substitute for pitching. This shield has the convenience of being able to quickly rotate a horse when it is charged into an enemy position. There is also a strange wooden tablet, which is a tool to prevent enemy guns when attacking a castle. The Mongolian royal family and the noyan (the rank of nobility) have their own flags, but only one flag. This flag is used only to encourage combat and will be used again after the battle. When attacking a castle, a cannon is used, but there is a pavilion in the cannon. The pavilion has a net that forms a shelter for those who pull the strings of the launch pad. When attacking the Bongsang, he intensively attacked only one corner of the castle, and built 400 cannons. There are so many other weapons that we cannot discuss in a word. Their specialty is bow and arrow, followed by Hwan-do. Written conjecture: At first, the Mongolians were ignorant of various techniques and had no skills. Later, only after the fall of the Horasmid Empire could they have their output as rain, engineers, and machines. In fact, the techniques of the technicians of the Horazim Empire are very sophisticated, especially the tools of the siege tools are more precise. After the collapse of the Geum Dynasty, all kinds of engineers were equipped. It is the Mongolian army's ration sheep and sheep's milk liquor. When milk begins to come out of the horse, the colt is allowed to eat during the day and collected at night. After a few days of putting the collected milk in a leather bag, it tastes slightly sour and is suitable for drinking. This is called Chege. When the Mongol army marches, they are always afraid of surprise and ambush. Even if there are about 50 small troops, they must send reconnaissance cavalry first to disperse and search in all directions. They also go up to high places and spy on distant places. The Mongolian army places the sentry deep between 1-200 ri and then captures residents or passers-by to interrogate the truth before and after the truth. For example, the sentry is responsible for determining which way to go, which castle to attack, which land to fight, which way to station troops, which direction to enemy soldiers, which food and grassland are, and so on, and so on. In addition, when the large army joins forces to attack at once, they burn the shoulder blades of the sheep first, and then select one person to lead several units. Sentimental Witnesses: Mongolians do not have large armies stationed in the castle. When passing through Hanam and Habuk counties, there was no soldier in the castle. The sentries were scattered like stars in the village outside the castle. If they suddenly encounter a combat alert, the sentry will contact each other and spy in all directions. Thus, when he finds out the truth, he urgently reports it to the commander. The Mongolian army must choose a high hill. The commander's gel (tent) must face the southeast, and in front of it, the sunflowers are placed, which are called torokachi in Mongolian, and the area is guarded alternately. On the right, left, and back of the gel, military horses from various units are stationed in order according to their respective Noyans. The layout of the military camp is also very important, and each military camp is widely separated, making it easier for horses to eat. In the military camp, two horses are left for each soldier to prepare for an emergency without being saddled at night. The name of the military camp's Noyan is the code for the night. If there is an alarm in one military camp, the military camp next to it is equipped with horses to prepare for pursuit or attack, and the rest of the military camp is prepared and does not move. However, the military camp that manages horses is different from this. The person in charge of the military camp who manages horses lives in the middle of the military camp, and soldiers live all around outside the military camp. When replacing the night shift, the wooden engraving is delivered (i.e., the same as the Han army's arrow transfer method), and the military camp, which manages the appearance of the horse, installs the military camp before sunset so as not to lose its appearance The lighting of the fire around the military camp is called "open fire," and at night, it moves to a place that others cannot see and protects it from being looted at midnight. However, the artillery still stays where the first military camp was built and does not move until dawn. Sentimental Eyewitnesses: They often surround their dogs with herpes and guard their surroundings. When I try to do Ha Young, I always observe and investigate the situation on the left and right sides that morning. They do not go out unless they see the benefits of the Mongolian army's formation and field law. While moving and stopping, grasp the strength and weakness of the enemy. It can surround 10,000 people with 100 flags, and if you divide 1,000 flags and put them together, you can fill up Baekri. Attacking and taking over the formation of a solid enemy depends entirely on the vanguard. However, there are only ten cases in which the vanguard takes the lead in the battle. Usually, when the Mongolian army encounters an enemy camp, it divides its ranks into three or three groups and does not take a dense formation that is easy to be surrounded by the enemy. The cavalry formation is roughly arranged neatly when the enemy is infantry, and in case of cavalry, ranks are divided. When the enemy divides the ranks, the Mongol army immediately divides the ranks, and when the enemy joins the ranks, the Mongolian army immediately joins the ranks. Originally, the Mongolian cavalry were scattered close or close to each other, many and few. Or they rush in saying they appear and disappear, but when they come, they seem to have fallen from the sky and disappear like lightning when they go. This is called "Abyungsalshengjin." When they gather and separate, they look at the direction indicated by the commander's whip, and when they separate and gather, they signal by listening to the command "okai." Even though they are close by, they quickly move far away. They gather at night to look at the enemy's torches and smoke and see if it is good to fight. If it is very cold and there is no snow, change the horse's stone (sleep) and pray to heaven. Sentimental Eyewitness: Mongolia's military action is nothing but a strong push. How can they not be afraid to die when they are also human? However, the wall has grown bigger and does not hesitate to make a decision because there have been fewer days to experience defeat since he raised his army and Invasion from North Korea. The Mongol army is nothing but sheep and horses. The Mongol army carries only sheep and horses, but does not carry military rice. However, even in the Mongolian army, only a few Mongolians were born, and the rest of them were from destroyed countries. The sheep and horses that Mongolians carry are not enough for them to eat. In addition, people from various countries eat rice, so they also need military rice.
Judging from this, we should not only exaggerate the strength of the Mongolians, but also devise ways to strengthen ourselves. Climb the Mongolian army's tactical heights and observe the distant places. First, look at the terrain and see the truth of the appropriateness. They try to take advantage of the confusion of the enemy. Whenever there is a battle, cavalry charge quickly to the enemy. Once the enemy camp moves in shock, it enters directly regardless of the large or small number. If so, even 100,000 enemies will not be able to sustain it. If you don't move, that is, after the squadron passes, the next cavalry collides again, but if you can't penetrate it, the future generation does it again. When attacking the enemy, they use a tactic of taking time and positioning the soldiers left and right and behind. When cavalry are surrounded in all directions and a siege net is built, the last person to arrive is called Okai. Then they will all entertain in all directions and join forces to attack at once. In addition to these tactics, he puts a round shield on his arm and shoots off his horse. If you hit it with one shot, the enemy's position will surely collapse during the second shot. Confusion always occurs when it collapses, and they rush quickly using this confusion. When they see their enemies resting, they make them ride horses to respond. When they move in response, the troops staying behind quickly rush and attack the enemy. If the enemy faces with solid defensive skills and 100 tactics do not work, he must whip livestock such as cattle or horses with a whip to confuse the enemy. In this way, it is very rare that the enemy cannot be defeated. Or if you stick out your windows to defend the horse from rushing, immediately surround it with cavalry and place sentries between them. The sentry fired an arrow one by one to tire the enemy. The longer they confront each other, the more food the enemy must run out or fuel and water are scarce, forcing them to move. Then I send a soldier to persecute him. Or even if the enemy moves, they do not rush to attack, wait for them to get tired, and then rush in. If the number of Mongolian soldiers is small, soil is sprayed first, and then tree branches are dragged to make dust soar through the sky. Then the enemy suspects that there are many soldiers and collapses on their own every time. If the enemy still doesn't collapse, they'll charge. If you do that, you will be defeated. Or, he tells them that he has already lost the battle with surrendered or captured prisoners, or attacks them with elite soldiers while the enemy is exhausted. Or, after a slight close battle, they are falsely defeated and run north. Falsely abandoning munitions and deliberately throwing yellow and white flags. Then the enemy continues to chase north, believing that the Mongol army has really lost. Then the ambush forces attack them, and at this time the enemy's large army is often destroyed. The tactic of winning with clever tactics while pretending to be defeated is not mentioned in the old military code. If you win a battle, you will not be allowed to chase, kill, and miss the enemy. If they are defeated, they will be scattered in all directions, and the enemy will not be able to chase them. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Well, since it was written from the perspective of the Song Dynasty, it tends to exaggerate a little and is highly likely to be duplicated.The vastness of it was the Mongolian imperialism in the Mongolian root of Hompa, which was truly enormous.Of course, now that the homepage is gone and the posts are all gone...
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