2022년 4월 11일 월요일

■ Alexander Gwanggaeto the Great in Northeast Asia 3. Conspiracy of the National Highway (3)

 At the end of July, about 8,000 Goguryeo soldiers, including Prince Damdeok, Moduru, Busabi, and Changyeoji, left the national road and arrived at Pyeongyangseong Fortress. Yoksal Ko Ji-yeon, the lord of Pyongyang Castle, welcomed the prince's party with utmost sincerity. Ko Ji-yeon was a person who was more devoted to the royal family than anyone else. Ko Ji-yeon was very sorry for the situation in which the prince went to the battlefield at a young age. "Under the crown prince, Baekje's military power is very powerful and never easy. Forgive me for saying this profanity, and if you lose or get injured in this battle, it could be a serious matter that can be directly linked to the safety of the country. Therefore, please stay in Pyongyang and do not go to the front line only to be briefed on the battle situation." The prince smiled and received the words of the lord Ko Ji-yeon. "It's not that I don't know the Lord's heart. However, the significance of this participation in Baekje is significant. It will be a battle to gauge the future of Goguryeo and confirm my skills. It's unacceptable to leave it to fate without having to face it. In addition, I have young generals with me." "I'm sorry..." "Wanggeom, who founded Dangun Joseon early, took the lead in the honor of the Dongi Baedal People." King Memorial, the national founder of Goguryeo, led the war for the glory of Goguryeo. As such, we must not avoid difficulties in order to raise the nation's spirits." "Your Highness Haena is still in Boryeong..." "If you think about my age and turn around, you can't develop Goguryeo into a giant kingdom." Who wants to come forward when I don't want to fight with my body?" Ko Ji-yeon, who listens to the prince, confirmed that rumors about him were not rumors. Therefore, instead of trying to change the prince's mind, Ha Hae-wol, a competent young general, was ordered to actively help the prince. Haesawol was a warrior with outstanding martial arts and strong courage, and he had a strong attachment to Pyongyang. Therefore, he/she stayed in Pyongyang and served the high-ranking Seongju, defeating the recommendation of the people to go to the National Assembly. Pyongyangseong Fortress was a historic place where Wanggeom Dangun founded Dangun Joseon and established the capital. He believed that if Goguryeo was to be strong, Pyongyang Castle must be strengthened. Ogolseung, who is in charge of escorting Prince Damdeok, reported the arrival of Haesawol. The prince welcomed him as soon as the sea moon came in. Hae-wol said, courtesy of the crown prince. "I'm flattered that you've invited such a humble person." "No, what are you talking about... When I came to Pyongyang Castle, there were many praises for the position of the sea wall. I'm so happy to see him." "Thank you very much. It is an honor for the Crown Prince to visit him himself." The Crown Prince saw the sea wall for the first time, but it was not unfamiliar. Come to think of it, I think it was because of his innocent appearance without pretends to be pure. Weeds were growing in a simple manner on the way from the domestic fortress to Pyongyang, and the sea wall was like that kind of grass. It was like a fresh grass that grew endlessly using the sun and the earth as the source, regardless of who knew it. It felt like my heart was open. "I heard you have a special attachment to Pyongyang." "Pyongyang is a historic place where the Zen Wanggeom is located, but how come I'm the only one..." "That's right." "Thank you very much." "To set up the nation's spirit, not only Pyongyang but also South Pyongyang must be made a strong fortress." This Baekje conquest will be the starting point for solving this problem." "You are a nobody, but I will devote my life to you." "Thank you, Jeongwi!" Chae-ja clenched his hands. The crown prince was widely seen in the eyes of a modest sea wall. Hae-wol seemed to be able to leave his fate entirely to the prince. It can be seen that the hero hoguls in the area such as Moduru, Busabi, and Changyeo-ji tried to assist the prince because of the large vessel. "The crown prince, what do you want to do..." Ha Hae-wol stopped while trying to speak. Ha Hae-wol saw Prince Damdeok with a heroic spirit, and a young man named Cheon Yu-ri passed through his mind. The reason was not accurate. It just went up more. If Chun Yu-gi were to serve the prince, it would be like wearing wings. Chun Yu-gi was buried in the grass and guarding the Dangun Party. He was also talented in martial arts. He was his friend, but Chun Yu-gi wouldn't come out of the early night. But he was determined to give everything for the honor of the Baedal Nation. I couldn't persuade Chun Yu-ki, but the prince will do well. Doesn't the hero say he recognizes the hero?' 'Tell me anything.' The prince gave Hae-wol a trusting look. "I'd like to recommend a man to you." The mouth of the sea wall opened carefully. "You said there are many talented people in Pyongyang, but do you mean there is another great longevity like Hae Su-wol Jeong-wi?" "I'm a young man named Cheon Yu-ri, and I'm a very insignificant person compared to him." If only we could get him to participate in the conquest of Baekje..." The prince looked closely at Hae-wol's face. His humble and modest attitude, not worthy of a giant, seemed more reliable. As darkness gradually covered the sky of Pyongyang Castle, Prince Damdeok changed into a plain clothes and left the house. Next to it was Ogolseung. The two men left the east gate of Pyongyang and spoke to each other with agilely. When I reached the bottom of a large Dangsan tree, one person was already waiting. It was an adverbial fee. When the prince saw Busabi, he pointed eastward and continued to talk. Busabi did not know where the prince was going, but did not ask. Just followed the prince out of the horse. After running about 10 ri, a small village appeared. The prince looked around through the darkness and got off his horse. Busabi and Ogolseung also got off their horses. He seemed to have arrived at his destination, but without knowing what was going on, Busabi looked at the faces of the prince and Oh Gol-seung. It seems that Ogolseung doesn't know either. When the prince saw them wondering, he pointed to the distant light. They quietly dragged their horses along, keeping their voices down. The light was leaking from the shrine. "Isn't this a shrine?" When Ogolseung asked, the prince put his index finger on his mouth and pretended to be quiet. Busabi came around the shrine and sensed that someone was practicing martial arts. The crown prince seems to have noticed this. It seemed to him that the prince's strength had already reached a great level. They didn't say anything, but whoever came first already headed to the martial arts training center. In the training ground, black objects were moving like lightning like birds flying. At a glance, I could see that he was a great martial artist. Busabi's eyes widened with surprise. The sword of the black object moved freely along the man's mind. This was different from the swordsmanship of martial arts that we have seen so far. The knife was moved at will by the person holding the knife, and the strength and softness were harmonized to exert strong power. Busabi looked at the prince, but he didn't look surprised at all. There was a clear sign of confirming anything. As the prince turned his head toward Busabi, their eyes met. The mind of mind was conveyed in the eyes. Busabi wanted to compete with a martial arts master, and the prince wanted to ask for it. Busabi spoke to the prince with his eyes, then flew his body like a shield, approaching the man of the black object and practicing swordsmanship. As if he had expected this, he did not panic at all and developed herbivores against Busabi's swordsmanship. Busabi developed the waterfall sword method because his sword method was great. The power of the waterfall sword was a sword that became stronger as the knife moved. Busabi only developed this sword technique once at the martial arts competition, except for the master. The power of the waterfall sword was so great. As the waterfall sword method unfolded, the man's sword method also responded more strongly. A single stroke stretched out thousands of blades. Tens of thousands of blades collided with the blades of a waterfall that constantly gave up. Every time the knife struck, the thunderous and the earth vibrated. Neither of them had an inch of backing down. I fought for a long time, but there was no disruption at all. It was a great match. The prince clapped his hands and walked out in front of the two. Ogolseung was mesmerized by the prince's applause. These were the people who practiced the swordsmanship of the superhuman. As the prince approached, the two pulled back their swords. Busabi looked at the person he faced and politely greeted him. "I was rude because I wanted to learn a lesson. I apologize." "I know you mean no harm." "Thank you." My name is Busabi. But your name is... "If it's Busabi... Not a general who danced in the Yeon Dynasty conquest!" the black man expressed surprise. "I'm out of office now, so I can't call myself a general." "It's an honor to meet a hero." My name is Cheon Yu-chi." "It's not a hero." "No, it' I have now clearly realized that the rumor of a hero is not a false name." After talking to Busabi, Cheon Woo-ki turned to Prince Damdeok and Ogol-seung standing next to him. One person's youthful appearance was still lingering, but there was a spirit that would remain even if he covered it up. The person next to him had a big face and big eyes. It seems to be the boy's henchmen. When Busabi tried to introduce the prince, the prince stopped it and looked closely at Chun Yu-gi. The sword method performed by Chun Yu-gi was based on the herbivores of the Shindan Sword Method. From the time Ha Hae-wol talked about the rainy season, I wondered if he had learned the New Dagger Method. But he saw it with his own eyes. It was for that reason that I had never seen it, but it was considered friendly as if I had met an old person. "You can't learn the new dagger accidentally... and if it's from your master, my death penalty..." "Excuse me, but can you tell me how you learned the sword you just developed?" "Why do you ask?" "I think you used the herbivores of the new dagger..." Busabi was surprised. He tried to ask Chen Yu-chi what kind of sword he had just used. However, the prince already knew this, and Busabi looked at Cheonwoo-gi, but he also looked surprised. Cheon Yu-ri knew that he was not an ordinary person when he saw the appearance of Busabi, a famous young general, or the appearance on the prince's face. However, I never dreamed that he knew that his sword method was a new dagger method. Even if he had learned the Shindan sword method, he could not know the sword method that was developed by applying it at that age. Chun Yu-ki felt a dignity that he could never easily face the prince. "How can you... My teacher is old man Shingeum. It's still a long way from reaching the master's level. I'm afraid I'll damage the master's reputation." "What kind of old man is Shin Geum?" the prince asked with a welcoming look. "Unfortunately, I don't know. I just know that his name is Singeum... After teaching me how to use the new dagger, I went somewhere. So I don't know where he is." "When was that?" "Five years ago." "Then you're going to be my death penalty!" The prince held Chen Yu-ki's hand. His expression was overflowing with joy. Chun Yu-ki left his hand to the prince, but was puzzled by his sudden action. The same was true of adverbial expenses. "Old man Shin Geum is my master. So you're going to be my death penalty. I'm so happy to see the death penalty." The prince revealed the behind-the-scenes information as if to answer questions. The prince's words surprised them all, but cleared the question. Busabi was also able to vaguely unravel the mystery of the prince's behavior this evening. Therefore, the prince was already familiar with the Shindan Sword Method, and when he learned that Chun Yu-gi had learned the Shindan Sword Method, he called him here to see if he had learned the Sword Method from his master. Chun Yu-gi also gave strength to both hands held by the prince in the joy of meeting the priest. "Then do you know where the master is now?" "He's on the national highway now." "Really? But what kind of priest is..." Chen Yu-ki soon found out that he didn't know who the priest was. "This is Prince Damdeok." "What? The crime of not recognizing the prince's inferiority is too great." When Oh Gol-seung told him, Chun Yu-ri knelt down with a surprised face and prepared a courtesy for the prince. "I didn't reveal my identity and interfered with the martial arts training, so what crime are you saying?" The prince held Chun Yu-gi's hand and raised him up. 'Thank you very much.' 'Please treat me as a priest because I'm going to be executed.k.a.' "No, I'm not. How can I... ...have nothing to serve you, but please take it inside." "It would be better to serve the portrait of Wanggeom Dangun first and then go in." The prince suggested again when Chen Yu-ki was full of joy. So they went into the shrine. However, stood guard outside, but ogolseung The protection of the Crown Prince and his glorious mission. This is the portrait of the sweet home. They first opened the history of (培達民族) but went to the nation history of cheonugi wanggeom (王儉) the (檀君) tribute to the display and held ceremonies. Samguk Yusa Jumong recorded as the son of Dangun is (朱蒙) son of Goguryeo in (王曆) son of (Gii) and Jewang Ungi Dangun written as a descendant of the Goguryeo people in (Songs of Emperors and Kings). Come down in the porosity and inscription King memorial founder of Goguryeo, according to (永樂記功碑文) (鄒牟王) is (北夫餘) from the attack to have been given buk. And the Samguk Sagi baekjjebongi 23 (History of the Three Kingdoms) first (百濟本記) Jumong, Onjo, (溫祚) son of a group of people and south and the three kingdoms : Goguryo, Baekje, and that he set up a fraud, one sillabongi (新羅本記) Hyeokgeose of Silla the Joseon Kingdom in the year (赫居世居西干) (朝鮮) (徐那伐) Sorabol College while six in the village of migrants in the set said.  이로 볼때 단군조선(檀君朝鮮)이 붕괴된 이래 만주 일대와 한반도는 고조선의 유민들이 주로 활동했던 지역이라 할 수 있으며 이 중에서 특히 고구려(高句麗)는 자신들이 단군조선의 정통 계승자로 자처하고 있었음을 알 수 있다. They were after a sense of shrine out of the cheonugi into the room. In place after cheonugi (千于基) is carefully opened her face. "Crown Prince (loss) (太子 邸下 eoin to go here to ... work to) kke" "(解秀月 haesuwol) orientation (正衛 to hear from the meet not just want to make sure I'm just in case the death penalty is revealed to me, but all these years we get is not happy beyond measure.", " I give omni. But ... ... Flashing "" that he is directly compromising the subjugation of Baekje in this "", said ""? That's right. The death penalty will participate when they did not hide you, but ... " Given that expression to the recommendation of the Crown Prince cheonugi is a puzzled look on his face. " reduction, forgiveness. I can not be involved painful after much trouble as if he answered, " cheonugi. Although he was a prince, he was a priest who came to the death penalty without any bluff and authority. So I was willing to accept the request. However, he was not able to listen, so he was still feeling sick. "No, why?" "I'm not interested in the world." Cheon Yu-gi's family was caught up in the war between Goguryeo and Baekje and all were exterminated, and by chance, only Chun Yu-gi and his sister Cheon Ye-ji were spared by the old man Shin Geum. After that, the old man Shin Geum passed on the Shindan Sword Law to Cheon Yu-ri, and he vowed to use the sword only for the honor of the Dongi Baedal Minjok. However, Damdeok was in the position of prince of one country. The prince was in a position to lead the country directly in the real situation rather than the ideology of Dangun Joseon. Since the position of crown prince was bound to be compatible with Dangun Joseon's ideology, Chun Yu-gi immediately judged that he could not go along with Prince Damdeok. "You're not interested in the world..." the prince quietly copied his words. "That's right. I'm the one who vowed to use the sword only for the honor of the East delivery people. Hani..." Chen Yu-ki's words were firm. Although he lived as a night owl, he was proud to live by keeping the honor of Dangun Joseon. As a result, the prince and Dagi were happy to meet each other at first, but a conflict relationship was created in different positions. "I understand what you're trying to say. But I want to hear why you think punishing Baekje is not the way to honor the delivery people." "Baekje is also a descendant of Dangun Joseon. But fighting each other..." "I understand the death penalty who doesn't want a fight between the East delivery people. But just because the two countries fight each other doesn't mean they're the same." "What do you mean it's not the same..." "Originally, both countries joined forces as descendants of Dangun Joseon to prevent the invasion of Han China." However, Baekje took advantage of the time when Goguryeo fought against foreign powers to expand its territory, and as a result, some of Dangun Joseon's territories suffered the humiliation and suffering of being violated by foreign powers. This behavior of Baekje gave up being a descendant of Dangun Joseon. So punishing Baekje is not a fight to divide the Baedal Nation, but a fight to punish Baekje for losing its pride as a Baedal Nation and to protect its honor." "I understand that war has different meanings in this situation. However, even if Baekje did so, it would not be justified for Goguryeo to do so. I will only go forward to realize the honor of Dangun Joseon. Otherwise, I can't accept it if anyone asks and forces me." The prince felt a sincere passion to live for the honor of the Baedal people at the words of Chun Yu-gi, who expressed his honest feelings. Although he had promised the master, it was difficult to dare to come out unless Dong had the passion to devote his life to the road for the honor of the delivery people. "I understand the death penalty's desire to live for the honor of the delivery people. I also know that Dangun's descendants' fight is heartbreaking. I will always use the sword for the honor of our delivery people. But it's not essentially a fight between delivery people to punish those who tarnish the honor of the delivery people. Punishing traitors and traitors is a battle to honor the delivery people. There can be no glory of the delivery people without such power. We can build the spirit of the Baedal Nation only when we fight without any compromise." Chun Yu-gi's eyes widened at the prince's words. After seeing the prince's eyes, Chun Woo-ki realized that there was a person in front of him who would truly develop Goguryeo into a powerful country.

"My words reminded me once again that I was short-thinking. I will do anything to help my lord." "Thank you, death penalty!" The prince hugged Chun Yu-gi when he readily agreed, contrary to his previous stubborn position. Busabi was able to feel that his vague belief in the prince turned into conviction as he silently watched their conversation. He was able to picture the future that Goguryeo would develop into a great empire that inherited Dangun Joseon due to Prince Damdeok. The prince was a huge mountain. Source: Jeong Il-ho, Kingdom of Heaven and Goguryeo


■ Alexander Gwanggaeto the Great in Northeast Asia 3. Conspiracy of the National Highway (2)

 "I heard that Prince Damdeok is really participating in the conquest of Baekje?" Busabi passed by the tavern on the side of the road, and it was the sound that flowed from there. He was enlivened by the lively atmosphere of domesticity and was briskly urging his steps. When the story of Prince Damdeok came out, he pricked up his ears and stopped by the tavern to blow the tavern. A voice kept leaking from the inn. "Are you asking because you don't know the news all this time? The whole world knows..." "I can't believe you made that decision at such a young age..." "So what a great spirit you have." "I know. The prince is a hero. He broke his nose and went on to conquer Baekje." "No need to say that." Who would make such a bold decision unless it was the crown prince's degradation? "What did you find out about?" It was a question from the voice of a vice minister looking for the degradation of the crown prince. "Give me a large barrel of medicinal liquor." Busabi carried the bottle given by his mother and headed for the mountain after exiting the center of the domestic castle. Today is the day when Busabi, Moduru, Haewooseong, and Changyeoji decided to hold a toast at Winaamseong Fortress overlooking the national fortress. It was a place to celebrate the run for Baekje, and to share the regret of parting with a cup of alcohol. Shortly after Busabi climbed the mountain, Hae Woo-sung was seen climbing ahead from afar. Seeing Haewooseong Fortress, my heart was already heated and my steps were accelerated. Hae Woo-sung cared about his comrades with a warm heart and was a planner who boldly designed the future of the country. The wisdom, always optimistic about the future, and suggesting solutions even in the face of difficulties, admired young generals. So it was becoming a central figure for young generals. Busabi and Hae Woo-sung reached the meeting place almost at the same time. Moru and Chang Yeo-ji had already arrived. The smell of lean meat stung my nose to my mouth. It seems that everyone saved the pig and cooked it over the fire to prepare a snack. There was already a drinking seat. "Huh, I came a little late, but I don't think it's my turn." Hae Woo-sung expressed his disappointment when he saw all the towers and Chang Yeo-ji, who had already prepared even though he didn't come late for the appointment. "No, what are you talking about? It's really starting now. That's what it's all about, isn't it? Please sit here." "I know," replied the spearhead to Moduru's words. He sat down, putting down the snacks prepared by Hae Woo-sung, and Busabi sat down with him. As they sat in a round circle, the center of gravity seemed to be established. The center of the world seemed to be focused on stomach or cancer. These were all people who had the spirit to support the world. "Let's drink as much as we want today." "Since there are four bottles of alcohol, why don't you drink the whole thing?" "That's better." They bumped into each other with barrels. I wanted to drink before words. After drinking a thick cup, everyone talked with a regretful expression. 'I can't believe we're breaking up...' 'I know,' agreed Chang Yeo-ji. "I'm not going to die, but why are you saying such a sad thing..." Hae Woo-sung smiled and answered lightly. "It's not us, it's Dr. Hae Woo-sung's problem." "Come to think of it... If National Minister Du-so takes control of the national road... After we go, who will take Hae Woo-sung..." Modoo-ru finally couldn't finish talking about Busabi and equivi's story. When Hae Woo-sung's safety-concerned remarks came out, everyone's faces became worried. "Let's not be so pessimistic. There will be a way. Don't you think so?" 'Yes, I do. Come on! Let's have another drink." Chang Yeo-ji purposely spoke loudly to change the atmosphere. Then Hae Woo-sung responded. They drank once and then poured it back into their mouths. My face flushed as I drank quite a bit. Hae Woo-sung continued to talk after drinking. 'It's a really good seat today.' 'What do you mean a good seat?' The vice president asked back to Hae Woo-sung. "I feel good. Today is a celebration of the dreams of our young generals entering a higher level," Hae Woo-sung said with excitement. His appearance contained the conviction and optimism that could set the spirit of a young Goguryeo man. Moduru, Busabi, and Changyeo-ji did not know what it was like to see Hae Woo-sung. The appearance of Hae Woo-sung did not really seem to be what he saw to comfort them. So they wondered. "What do you mean you're going one level higher? They're being chased to Pyongyang..." What do you mean, chased? I'm going to make a base for my strength..." Hae Woo-sung refuted Moduru's story. 'Based on that, isn't it?' asked Busabi in surprise. "Yes, we need to build a strong base for our capabilities. This expedition is about seeking it." "It's not even more difficult if Duso takes full control of the national road. It was the same during the punishment afterwards..." Moduru said, expressing his anger at Du So. "Du So could be a challenge. But it's different then and now. At that time, young generals were scattered. But now they're united. We are now entering a stage of rapid growth of power." Hae Woo-sung's story said he was hit hard by a counterattack from the two small parties while holding a youth meeting to change the atmosphere of domesticity, but it was not a defeat. Rather, many young people were encouraged by this, and based on these achievements, they emphasized that we should move forward more boldly. Everyone else nodded at the sight of the confident Hae Woo-sung. 'Then where do you think the base is?' Busby asked with excitement. "I can't tell you where it is yet. But I can predict it. This is because it should be an area where young people's spirits and the ideals of Daegoryu can be realized. Come on! Stand up." Hae Woo-sung rose from his seat and pointed his finger at homeliness. It has been more than 400 years since the national road, Naeseong Fortress, was moved from Zolbon land. The location of Naeseong Fortress is the seat of the prefectural capital of Gaelim Province, China. However, there is a record that Winaamseong Fortress was built in 3 B.C., but there is no domestic fortress. The capital city of Goguryeo consists of a combination of flatness and nearby fortresses. From this point of view, it would be right to see domesticity as a name that encompasses flatness and stomach or cancer. The biggest reason for the move from Zolbon to domesticity was the strengthening of Goguryeo's national power. After launching the offensive against the Han Chinese military in 107 BC, Goguryeo almost occupied the upper reaches of the upper reaches of Prince Honha through retribution for successive invasions from 80 BC to 70 BC. As a result, the territory was expanded hundreds of miles to the northwest, and a wider and more fertile jade was needed to suit him. It also had to defend against foreign enemies according to its capabilities. Jolbonseong Fortress is a southeastern people and has a large valley, and there is a slightly lower place in the northeast of the southwest, but most of the west, north, and northeast forms a cliff with a height of several tens of meters. The castle was built using this rugged terrain. In short, it was an impregnable fortress site as it was built by mixing natural terrain and artificial defense facilities in a natural fortress. However, Zolbonseong Fortress was too narrow when Goguryeo's national power was strengthened. That's why Goguryeo moved the national highway from Zolbon to Gukjeseong. As can be seen from the transcription of Bulnae and Buruna in the early Joseon Dynasty in Chinese characters, the name of the domestic area is the widest area with bees in the middle of the Yalu River, and the land was fertile.  In addition, it was located in the central area of the fifth part and was a key point of transportation in all directions, and it was easy to transport taxes and tributes through water transportation using the Yalu River. In addition, it was advantageous to defend against foreign enemies by using mountain birds around rough areas. The national fortress, which they viewed from Winaamseong Fortress, was filled with government offices around the fortress of Wangseong, and houses such as Duso, Janghyup, Gojin General, Dongwongyeong, and Myeongnimsa Temple were towering in all directions. But somehow the national road looked cramped. 'Don't you think the national road looks cramped?' they nodded at Hae Woo-sung's comment. Hae Woo-sung went on again. "The energy of the national highway is running out now. Now we have to set up the spirit of the youth and find an area that fits the ideals of Daegurugo." "Area that fits the spirit of the youth and the ideals of Daegurugo?" Hae Woo-sung continued more enthusiastically to the question of Busabi. "We should be able to become the political and economic and cultural center of the East Delivery Nation. In short, we need a center that unites the delivery people. Of course, the land must be fertile and rich in resources, meet the needs of the great empire, and be able to defend against foreign enemies effectively." "So let's make Pyongyang a national road?" Moduru asked bluntly. "I got it right. You'll have to confirm this on this expedition. You have to build up your capabilities there. We need to build strong support to establish a young man's virtual image." "It's Tak-Gyeon." Modaru and Chang Yeo-ji expressed active sympathy with Busabi's story. Hae Woo-sung's words were a trick to use it as an opportunity when Du-so dreams of chasing out young generals and taking control of the national road to prepare a strong capacity to fight it. His plan was a delightful way to reverse Du So's intentions. 'Now! Let's have a drink to make our base.' 'Sure.' Busabi responded to Moduru's clenched fist. They sat down again and drank alcohol as a Tongjae. I couldn't help but be excited at the thought of my future hope. They kept drinking and got excited. In that atmosphere, Chang Yeo-ji carefully spoke. "If Duso knows that he is trying to build a base for his capabilities in this expedition, he will be even more eager. Then I can't help but be more worried about Dr. Hae Woo-sung's safety." Eventually, the story returned to the issue of Hae Woo-sung's safety. Even if you tried to raise the spirit of a young man, you had to have someone to do it.

There was no more important problem for them than the safety of comrades. Moreover, Hae Woo-sung was tacitly recognized as a central figure for young generals as a designer who brightened the way forward while giving prospects for the future. "It's not that I don't know your friendship and loyalty. But you won't have to worry so much. "Even though it's obvious that you're going to drive the national highway into a brutal atmosphere?" "No, it's not going to work out the way Du So intended." We've got to keep an eye on the royal family, and General Gozin is holding out. Janghyup will also maintain a certain distance, and the podium will decide based on the trend. It will be difficult to do as you please with the power of Doosho and Myeongnimsa." "One thing in a million..." "You won't have to worry about it. What's important is that the tide is not here on the national highway, but how strong the base is. Win or lose depends on it. We must make it work." Moduru held Hae Woo-sung's hand hot. Then Hae Woo-sung also held Lu's hand, and the rest of the people held each other's hands. The hands held together were determined to overcome any obstacles. Moments later, Moru loudly suggested. "As Dr. Hae Woo-sung said, isn't today a celebration? Now! Let's continue to drink." "Let's do that." "Let's take our task of building the nation's climate to the next level."" Busabi and Chang Yeo-ji agreed, and they poured alcohol again. The wind of Winaam Castle moved far south. The energy to punish Baekje has already flowed south. The energy to raise the spirits of young people also flew away to Pyongyang. Their faces were uniformly engraved with determination. And it turned into a conviction. Source: Jeong Il-ho, Kingdom of Heaven and Goguryeo

■ Alexander Gwanggaeto the Great of Northeast Asia 3. Conspiracy of the National Highway (1)

 In May 387 A.D., the fortress was busy with military movements. Since the time when the government's policy of punishing Baekje was finalized, many military forces have been concentrated on the national capital. The news of Prince Damdeok's direct participation inspired the people. Rumors of the prince's participation had already spread, but people didn't believe it. I thought it was just a rumor circulating. But that was confirmed to be the case. However, the retired young generals were also given the opportunity to be loyal to the country once again. It was a pity that competent young generals were dismissed, but the problem was solved with relief. The dispatch of Baekje's conquistadors flooded with volunteers. Amid the strong will to fight the decisive battle, the resolution to punish Baekje was heightened. The energy of domesticity changed in an instant. Busabi gained vitality in the body as domestic energy was detected. I was moved by the atmosphere of wriggling alive. Now, his wish to show the spirit of a young boy seemed to come true. His love for the country and the people was so great that he could not help being angry and disappointed. The unexpected incident at the youth hunting competition led to the arrest of the Duso clan and fortunately, the Busabi, who suffered the humiliation of being deprived of office by the royal family and Janghyup, even thought it was a barrier that the Duso clan could not overcome. It seemed premature to build the spirit of a young man yet. It also occurred to me that the dream of spreading the spirit of a young man might never be possible. The more the idea that setting up the nation's spirit would be nothing but an illusion, the more embarrassment and helplessness permeated. Haewooseong, Moduru, and Changyeoji were his strong support. Once they failed, they were not weak-willed people. Young generals vowed to take lessons from this incident and cheer up again. He promised to promise the future and strengthen internal solidarity. However, unlike before, the vitality has decreased a lot. I couldn't get rid of the idea that the spirit of the youth was just hope. When he recalled the powerful power of the Duso faction, his fist was unwittingly released. However, the Duso group did not stop here and planned to go to Baekje to remove Prince Damdeok from the domestic fortress. Even the last bastion left in his heart was collapsing. Thinking that even the crown prince was being torn down, I was very worried about the future of the country. He made up his mind to get rid of Dooso and told young generals. "I don't know how proud I am to be here with you." "Me neither. But what's the matter?" Modalu asked, giving the light of tension. The same was true of Haewooseong and Changyeoji. This is because Busabi's expression was unusual. He was never a light speaker. But once he made up his mind, he was willing to do it. When he said something that seemed to be in mind of parting, I felt his firm resolution. "Duso Guksang is the root of all evil. I'm determined to get rid of him." "I don't think I should leave him alone either. But we didn't say we'd put up with it until the day of judgment with the sword of justice," Chang Yeo-ji said calmly. They were always full of spirit and optimistic people. However, he was cautious in the face of Busabi's determination. "Dusso is openly targeting the Crown Prince. If you lose your connection with the Crown Prince, your hopes for the future may disappear. So there's no time to lose." "No." Chang Yeo-ji firmly opposed it, and the rest agreed. "I think getting rid of the doos is the way for this country. I'm going to kill Duso with this one-body effort." "Ugh! I didn't say no." Moduru raised his voice. Nonetheless, Busabi did not back down. "I can never reconcile with Doos. What I'm trying to do is holy. Allow me to act and celebrate. Please." "That's fine indeed. I'll join you. We're not the ones who swore to go a long way. So you have to accept my words as well." Moduru, who knew that he would not break Busabi's resolution, expressed his will. "I'll come with you. It's about building the spirit of a young man, but I can't help but join him." This time, Chang Yeo-ji stepped up. "No, it's a waste of one's life. Why would you give up so many lives? I can do it on my own. Please stay and raise the spirits of the youth and correct the foundations of the country. This is what really helps me." "We're not on the same wavelength. But I turn a blind eye to my dying comrade. I can't do that." Moduru insisted firmly. Hae Woo-sung said, looking at the three with bloodshot eyes. "I can understand what you're saying. But it's really causing me pain." "No, why did you say that..." Chang Yeo-ji asked back to Hae Woo-sung. "When you were caught and tortured by the Duso gang the other day, I was comfortable with the youth meeting. It wouldn't have happened if you were a little prepared for the plot of the Dusso sect. Think about it. How I felt back then..." "I know you've been running around on two legs for us. But what are you saying... "You're offering your lives to each other in front of me. It is not enough to see me being tortured now, so watch me to death." Everyone's eyes were tearful at Hae Woo-sung's crying story. After a moment of silence, Hae Woo-sung continued. "Busabi, can you guarantee that removing the doos won't make the second doos appear? Many people thought that if Emperor Li Lian ascended to Bowie, he would prevent the overthrow of Du So. But Du So is still alive and well. The reason for this is the cruelty of Du So, but rather the lack of power to firmly prevent his mastery." "...." "Now the young generals must build up their strength. You must have a powerful force to crush the second Dusso-like person at once." "A powerful force! Don't you think Duso is blocking it?" "Duso is just a treachery. You can't change the lives of the two and the two. You can't trade for hundreds of lives like Doos." "That's right." All the towers and windows shouted at the same time. Busabi was blinded by their deep friendship. These were young generals who wanted to establish the spirit of the country, and men of loyalty who would give their lives for their comrades without hesitation. "I wasn't thinking enough. I'll do what you want." Once you make up your mind, the unyielding vice-bearer folded his will before his loyalty. "Thank you. We have a dream. There is hope for a young man to rise up in this country. Let's go out hand in hand, even if it's hard." The men nodded with a stiff look. "A plot is being plotted to bring Prince Damdeok to Baekje to slander him. Shouldn't we take measures?" "The appearance of the Crown Prince has become a fait accompli. In this situation, our young generals are volunteering to participate in Baekje in advance. We have an obligation to protect you." "If we play together, it'll be a good way to expand your range of behavior and take a link with you." "All right. Let's all play." Busabi, Moduru, and Changyeo-ji were sympathetic to Hae Woo-sung's opinion. "But if we volunteer for an expedition to Baekje, will you also participate?" asked everyone with a slanted face. "It's your decision... ...so we'll see," Hae Woo-sung smiled meaningfully. Hae Woo-sung's prediction was right. His judgment was always overwhelmingly accurate. Not only did he bring out Prince Damdeok's behavior and decision more accurately than anyone else, but he also pointed out that it would be an opportunity for young generals to make a comeback. Other young generals were half-concerned and looked forward to it. The expectation came true. The prince not only corrected the appearance of Baekje, but also strongly expressed his intention to accompany young generals. Hae Woo-sung and the prince seemed to be on the same wavelength. Source: Jeong Il-ho, Kingdom of Heaven and Goguryeo

1954 Dokdo War

 Japanese Warships Defeated Aircraft Invasion in 1954 'Dokdo Battle'  



[Freshman Park Taegyeon/Reporter]

"When did the government guard the country when it was in danger? The righteous army protected it."


That's what old adults used to say. It was like that during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, and it was like that at the end of the Joseon Dynasty. That's true. It is not a matter of looking for a case from afar. This is the case with Dokdo, which is now infuriating the entire nation with Japan's reckless behavior. When the Korean government's administrative power fell short of Dokdo after the Korean War, it was none other than the "righteous soldiers" who defeated Japan, which invaded Dokdo with insignificant weapons by mobilizing warships and aircraft.  


The late Hong Soon-chil (1929-1986), the commander of the Dokdo Volunteer Guard, published eight years ago in a magazine titled "Dokdo's Hidden Stories" by these unnamed civilian soldiers under the name of "Dokdo's Hidden Stories," which was published a few years ago under the title "Hyean."



Captain Hong's handwriting is touching to see why 40 young people in their mid-20s fought a fierce war against Japan, which is heavily armed with warships and aircraft for three years and eight months, with 1,300 to 1,400 millimeters of annual rainfall. In particular, the fact that Hong Jae-hyun's grandfather Hong Jae-hyun, who moved to Dokdo in 1883, held out the "fierce national spirit" behind them makes us solemn.  




Now, the Korean people hold a festival every year, calling Chungmugong's great victories, including the Battle of Hansan, during the Imran period, the Three Great Battle. Unfortunately, in 1954, when civilian soldiers, including Captain Hong Soon-chil, bowed and defeated Japanese warships and aircraft invasion of Dokdo at altitudes,

The reality of the Dokdo Battle on November 21 is not even known properly.This is especially true for young people.  


Therefore, with the understanding of Hyean Publishing Company, some of the handwriting of Captain Hong Soon-chil is introduced. This is because it would be shameful if we did not know the history of our proud struggle to protect Dokdo, while angry at Japan's failure.


- Editor's Note



Hong Jae-hyun Ong, a pioneer of Ulleungdo and Dokdo


On the 8th of April of 1883, when a grandfather (Hong Jae-hyun Ong), who returned from Gangneung, Gangwon-do to Ulleungdo Island, arrived in Hyeonpyo-dong, Buk-myeon, Ulleung-gun by boat for four days, only two families lived there. My grandfather climbed a high mountain one day, far east

I found another island in the sea. In ancient books such as "Sejongsillok" and "Donggukyeojiseungram," I guessed that it was Dokdo, and in June 1897, my grandfather climbed the Dokdo road and took a juniper tree from Ulleungdo Island

Dokdo was planted in Dongdo Island.




When my grandfather returned to Ulleungdo Island, he caught three sea lions and distributed them evenly to the residents of Ulleungdo Island. He was very happy to supply fat to residents who lived only with arrowroot, conch, or livelihood, and after that, he decided to obtain fat from Dokdo Island.


The following year (1898), he went to Dokdo to catch sea lions, and unexpectedly, he met a group of Japanese people named Murakami there. In other words, they said that they were animals that caught and sold sea lions as a living. My grandfather told me that this island was originally Korean territory

I told you not to come to this island again. The grandfather did not stop here, but went to Japan with him on a boat that a Japanese man had been on.





My grandfather, who went to Japan, told me many times when I was young that Umbrella Island, located between Ulleungdo Island and Japan, was banned from Japanese fishing because Dokdo is Korean territory.


As such, my grandfather always said that Dolseom Island (Dokdomyeong, which my grandfather called) is our land and is the speed of Ulleungdo Island, so people of Ulleungdo Island should preserve it well and pass it on to their descendants. After liberation, on June 30, 1948, fishermen on Ulleungdo Island sailed to Dokdo, and about 30 people were killed by a bomb in the 5th U.S. Air Force bombing exercise. When the governor of Gyeongsangbuk-do built a memorial stone on Dokdo in 1951, his grandfather went with him to Dokdo with his old body and read the investigation.


"God of heaven and earth, this island is our land given by heaven and is the home of our compatriots, so our compatriots cherish it and protect it. Even today, about 30 of our compatriots want to protect this island as the guardian gods of the stone island," I still vividly remember the end of the investigation with the mournful voice.


My grandfather went to Dokdo and asked, "Do you know how cool it is, Soon-chil?" To the writer who asked back, "Beauty is not about clothes that are appearances. The true beauty of man is the true love of his country and his people

I'm talking about somebody's accident."


"You fight and take back Dokdo"




When the Korean War broke out, the Panzer Regiment I belonged to advanced to Cheongjin, but I was taken to an army hospital with severe injuries near Wonsan, and returned to my hometown of Ulleungdo Island with an honorary discharge in July 1952. My grandfather was very welcoming, but he was very worried, saying, "You'll be a teacher forever."


One day, I went to the police chief with a cane and saw an unexpected situation. On the yard of the police station, there is a symbol called "Shima縣縣岐 Takeshima (Oki-gun, Shimane Prefecture), which is 4.5 angles and 6 feet long. At that moment I felt dizzy. "The Dokdo incident, which I've heard so many times from my grandfather since I was young, really happened!'


When I asked, "Sir, what is the sign in the yard?" the chief explained, "Japan was found to have marked its territory in Dokdo by fishermen from Ulleungdo Island, so the police chief picked the sign "Dokdo, Ulleung-gun, Korea" as a countermeasure, and there have been several such signings since then. In recent years, even Korean fishermen who pick seaweed are under threat from Japan, so they are very worried.


I felt a surge of anger at the work of the disgusting Japanese. In the midst of the Korean War, the administrative power of the country has fallen short of Dokdo, and the shameless Japanese authorities' treatment of claiming sovereignty over Dokdo and threatening good fishermen with violence is impossible.


After going to the police station, I told my grandfather about the past and the fact that our fishermen who went to pick seaweed stopped working due to the threat of the PS ship belonging to the Japan Coast Guard and returned to Ulleungdo Island. My grandfather said this indignantly.



"When we pioneered Ulleungdo Island, we had a lot of difficulties and fought with the Japanese people to die and kill, so what are we afraid of now? I can't go to Dokdo because I'm old, but you've learned to fight in the army and you're young people."


"Dokdo Island is our favorite place of living, as the citizens of Ulleungdo Island cherish it like Munjeonokdap, so you should go there and fight to regain Dokdo.""



Dokdo's Water Guard Launched, Entrance to Dokdo after Armed Forces


After the grandfather's words, about 40 local soldiers from Ulleungdo Island gathered to discuss the necessity of the Dokdo Water Guard organization and plans to live on Dokdo in the future, and gradually began preparing ahead of the Dokdo pearl.


In the fall of 1952, before the Dokdo Water Guard was organized and sent to the local area, I went to Busan to find weapons and other equipment. My grandfather gave me three million won in military funds. In addition to the price of the squid that I brought to Busan for sale, the commission for the sale of the squid by the villagers is added

It became a large sum of about 5 million won. Of these, 2 million won was spent on weapons purchases, and the rest of the money was purchased in Busan, including rice, personal equipment, and even yeast. With the extraordinary skill of Lieutenant Byun Seo-gap and the two princesses, bullets and M1 rifles were also available, including machine guns.


At that time, it was easy to buy and sell pistols and rifles at the "Yankee Market" in Busan.


Dokdo's water defense corps had two combat groups to be stationed there and 15 people in each group, and a total of 45 people, including three members of Ulleung Island's supply liaison office, five reservists, and five crew members of the supply ship. The only non-military personnel were the crew of the supply ship and three liaison officers

They were warriors who fought on each front during the Korean War.







At the time of its first visit to Dokdo, the equipment included two Gyeonggi machine guns, three M2s, 10 M1s, two pistols, 50 grenades, and other equipment to live on Dokdo and a 0.5-ton boat for local use. In addition, three Belgian Jeonseo-gu, well-grown at home, were used for communication between Ulleungdo and Dokdo.


On 20 April 1953 we were on an indefinite journey to return. Our ship was an old and insignificant squid fishing boat of less than 5 tons for more than 10 years, but it was the only supply ship for us. On this day, we landed on Dokdo after a three-hour voyage.


"First Battle" July 23, 1953




At 5:30 a.m. on July 23, 1953, three months after the Volunteer Guard landed on Dokdo and established its position as a barracks. While working in shifts for exactly two hours, Kim Eun-ho, the prospector, reported, "A Japanese warship!"


The PS9 ships belonging to the Japan Coast Guard have been advancing 200 meters ahead of our garrison's barracks.


The movements of our guards were astute. Cho Sang-dal, Lee Sang-guk, and Hwayoung-mun installed machine guns on the horseboat and became a group with me, and the rest of the members decided to divide into other groups under the command of Seo Ki-jong and attack them. Ask them to cover the boat with a flare, and our association will be able to get the boat

He rode and rushed 20 meters away from the PS9 ship.


"Tang! Tang! Tang! Tang! Tang! Tang!


Amid a series of gunfire, more than 200 rounds of live ammunition were poured intensively toward the PS 9 from each rifle and the Gyeonggi machine gun installed in the boat. However, the thickness of the trap iron plate was too thick to make a hole.

However, embarrassed by the sudden shooting and supporting shots fired from the land, the Japanese ship bypassed the side of Gazaebawi Rock and fled far east.


As I turned the boat toward the barracks and returned, I caught a sea lion and arrived at the barracks. Then, the members who remained at the unit headquarters and fired support shots jumped into the water and greeted the commandos with a shout of "Wow!" On this Dokdo Island, which is an ancient island of the East Sea, the hearts of the country's loving members were on par with each other, touching the comradeship that hugged "you and me."


When a glass of alcohol was circulated on the sea lion's instant bulgogi, I couldn't help but say a word to the audience.




"Today's battle was a momentary encounter, but the Japanese ship withdrew because of the patriotism of its valiant comrades. This is not only a victory for our Dokdo guards, but also a joy that will go down in history. However, it is regrettable that the PS 9 tablets could not be sunk deep into the sea due to the absence of heavy weapons. So I'm going to try to get a heavy weapon somehow." And there were applause and shouts from the audience.





I asked them to be more strict in defending Dokdo while I was away, and the next day, I boarded a ship in Gangwon-do that was fishing off Dokdo and arrived at Mukho. Upon arriving in Daegu the next day, he talked to the head of the Gyeongbuk Military District Command and easily obtained two M boats as bait to catch sea lions that are good for energy. In addition, the Gyeongbuk Police Station obtained one captured Soviet-made direct gun and one mortar without a sighting table. But there are no live ammunition!


I took the Gyeongbu Line again and ran to Busan. The military funds in the handbag were only 2 million won in cash and one male reproducer of the sea lion. With the help of Princess Yang and others, he was able to purchase shells and weapons and return to Dokdo in gold.


The following year, on August 23, 1954, we were able to use this weapon to defeat another Japanese Coast Guard patrol ship that tried to approach Dokdo after a gun battle.






On November 21, 1954, the Battle of Dokdo was fought by three Japanese warships


November 21, 1954. Maybe it's because of the habit of waking up early on this day, but as soon as I wake up, I go out and go around the island once, but isn't a Japanese ship coming toward Dokdo from the sea 1km ahead? Instinctively, when I looked left and right, I saw Japanese traps on the right and left. There were also Japanese military planes in the sky.


I felt intuitively, 'These are attacking Dokdo in a complete siege.'


When I jumped into the barracks, shouted for emergency, and checked with binoculars, it was a 1,000-ton Japanese ship, PS 9, 10, and 16. As usual, our men were alert and ready for action, waiting for orders.


When the Japanese ship approaches 500 meters, it signals with a pistol. The mortar hits the PS9 first, the heavy weapon is shot behind the mortar, but destroys the command tower, and then attacks the left and right 10 and 16 ships with the same trick," he ordered. There have been several invasions by Japanese ships since our Dokdo Guards arrived on Dokdo, but this is the first time that so many ships have been mobilized, so we had to be prepared.


a creeping Japanese ship a strained-faced crew Their eyes staring silently at each other.


"Didn't Admiral Yi Sun-shin fight against Japan with inferior equipment during the Japanese Invasion of Korea?" We are now facing a Japanese trap on land, which is an advantageous position with such equipment. We will lead this battle to victory and prevent Japanese ships from invading Dokdo again.'


I clenched my molars, too.


The Japanese ship approached 700 meters to 600 meters and finally reached the M-1 rifle range. With a single pistol signal, shots rang out as if Dokdo was leaving, and the first mortar fired by Seo Ki-jong, a former special envoy, hit the PS9 during the Korean War, and several people were seen falling out of the player.


The Japanese ship was scrambling to and fro in the unexpected shooting, calling for help from the PS16, and the 16 approaching the PS9 were fleeing eastward, with ropes crossing the 9 to attempt a tug-of-war and the heavy weapon's deadly blow of smoke.


The critically wounded Japanese ship was disappearing eastward, with only the plane continuing to circle Dokdo and threatening it. As he did not miss the plane at all and perfected it in his anti-aircraft posture, the plane, which was judged to be unfortunate, also disappeared toward the eastern sky. Standing up in unison, the crew hugged each other with a shout of "Wow!" and shared the joy of victory.


Japan listened to NHK's broadcasting on how to report. Unsurprisingly, the noon news reported that the Korean Guard fired from their so-called Takeshima, damaging Japanese coast guard vessels and causing 16 casualties. The Japanese government immediately wrote a memorandum of protest to the Korean government

It was submitted and mail with Dokdo stamps at the time was returned to Korea from Japan. This incident will lead to a fierce diplomatic war between the U.S. and the Korean-Japanese governments.


On December 30, 1956, after three years and eight months of landing on Dokdo, we handed over weapons and duties to the National Police Agency and returned to Ulleungdo Island.

Roman legions vs. Jjangkae legions. A landslide victory in Rome!

 Please remember that the Central Powers have been sloppy for generations. Except for the Tang Dynasty, the Jungwon countries were not elite soldiers, and they tend to collapse easily because they were just like sheep conscripted in rural areas. The Romans, on the other hand, are well-paid, well-trained elite soldiers. They're not just soldiers, they're civil servants. Remember that many cities in Europe are derived from Roman legions. Representatively, you have Koeln of Germany, or Bonn ... the Roman legions were on a roll because of their perfect command system, military discipline, and armament. The flower of the Roman Legion is a commander called the white captain, so it's not easy to break down when the top of the head dies. Take the Three Kingdoms for example, ordinary soldiers really show the height of their incompetence. It's characterized by the collapse of the general as soon as he dies, and even his armed state is only a thousand pieces... Desperate. All of the Roman legions were armed with iron armor, large shields and long muzzles, pilums. Before we start the back-and-forth battle, we go into this Philum relentlessly, and this power is incredible. There was no other country that put more emphasis on the formation than on Rome. There is no way to know what kind of formation they used in the Korean War. And while defeat is despised for generations, as is the case with the Eastern premise, in Rome, defeat is given the opportunity to wash away. And similar to the modern war, the Roman legions have a lot of rectangular groups waiting around before the battle, but all of the Han and the other Central Powers are gathered together. In Rome's heyday, no country at the time was able to keep up with the level of Rome's political-economic-social system. The citizens of the Roman city were given free wheat, entertainment, and sanitation. Unlike the smelly jacks, the Romans loved bathing. There's even a bathhouse in the Roman legions. Every Roman citizen had the right to be tried, and even the traitor was executed only by the parties, not by savagely destroying the Triads and the Four Tribes. The Roman system of law was so great that almost all of the world's constitution is based on Roman law. Almost every constitution in the world typically has its origins in the constitution of the French Revolutionary Army, but this French constitution has its origins in Roman law. The rule of law that Qin Shi Huang wanted was fully realized by Rome. Taxes are also very common sense and great from the current point of view. Tax is 1/10th, inheritance tax, indirect tax, direct tax... There were things like this. On the other hand, the Middle Ages imposed a very severe tax on the people. And the tax system wasn't really subdivided. And Rome had a kind of water supply that made it easy to live on, whereas in the Middle Ages there was no such water supply. The only good thing about the Middle Eastern country is that it's a tactic.It's nothing more than that.

the Han Empire and the Roman Empire

 It's kind of embarrassing because it seems like you're taking the side of Rome, but it's not like Rome. As I left it in the Ripple, I would predict the White Middle Ages if it were not to clash the regular forces of the two countries (except the colonial forces or the subordinate forces) in the field. If either side carries out a large-scale expedition, I would argue that it is the defeat of the expedition. There is an opinion that the solidarity of the Korean Empire is not comparable to that of Rome, but it is hard to say which is superior to the solidarity of the Roman Empire, which is essentially a tribute and an encirclement, or an economic and military alliance. The solidarity of the Han Empire, which you claim, is still in the early stages of Chineseism, so it is a time when the gangsters revolted when the center was confused. On the contrary, I think that Rome was also a direct management of dispatching a governor, and there were a lot of these colonies that were literally uncomfortable without surveillance. If the regular Han army emptied Loyang, the scholars could stand up in a stampede, and if Rome emptied the capital, Rome would be reluctant to do so because of the Germanic children, I don't think that's a problem.  On the contrary, Han can mobilize Western forces and Rome can also mobilize cavalry from Spain and Nubia.   If you omit Central Asia between the two empires, it's quite a disadvantage for Rome...A significant number of allies are going to be lost on the map.^^ But if you somehow force a border, I'll still predict the centrist. The regular army, in its heyday, was a well-trained force by the implementation of the Duncan system, and Roman anti-professional soldiers who adhered to the system of militia unity... ...the Hundred Middle Ages, the Germanic mercenaries, the Five-Hwan mercenaries...Nubian cavalry and Western strength...The key to these allies is how much the other leader uses their cause and their practicality to disrupt them. I don't think either side has the upper hand in the quantity of supplies.In the end, I think it's the capability of the commander. But I think it would be interesting to have a well-trained military force in the Hunan period and a Roman army with a lot of war experience in the early days of the empire rather than in the Han period.

What is fascism? Park Chung-hee, Chun Doo-hwan, and the fascist regime

 Fascism A collective term for the authoritarian political, economic, social thought, and political system that emerged among countries around the world from the 1920s immediately after World War I to the end of World War II, 1945. The system was first advocated by B. Mussolini of Italy and established. The etymology was derived from the Italian word fascio, which originally meant bundle, but its meaning was transformed into a meaning of unity and unity. In general, it refers to Italian fascism, German Nazism, and Japanese militarism, but from the standpoint of popular social theory or Marxism, political movements with all the strong, dictatorial, and undemocratic characteristics of modern society are defined as fascism. Since the war, the term totalitarianism has been used a lot. [Background of the outbreak] Social anxiety accumulated from the end of the 18th century, chronic panic after World War I, and political and social anxiety in the victorious and defeated countries caused various revolutionary energies. Fascism emerged from the extreme reactionary trend toward this, and the cause can be found in the crisis situation of modern society. In other words, when the stability and balance of the political system are destroyed and the existing political forces lose their ability to deal with the situation, fascism emerges to fill the anarchic vacuum. The factors that occur can be divided into political and social background and economic background. <Political and Social Background> The economic crisis in the 1920s and 30s, when World War I ended, caused social conflict and political confusion, and negative views on the prospects of democracy were dominant in Europe. Other objective factors are as follows. ① There are intensifying international confrontation and war crisis, domestic political instability, corruption, incompetence, and inefficiency, loss of self-balancing ability from strengthening various social organizations, political and social conflicts, and the emergence of people who have fallen out of professional organizations. In this crisis situation, anxiety over the social revolution sprouted, and the antipathy of farmers and urban Ptolemaic to the organizational struggle of workers increased. The nihilistic aspect of intellectuals and engineers was also strong, amplifying skepticism and despair in politics and social thought overall. Against this background, most countries, which hoped that imperialist wars would not occur again, began to seek a new political system as their longing for authoritative leadership sprouted. The fascist forces were based on the far-right ideology of crushing the labor movement and denial of the parliamentary democratic political order as democratic parties lost the ability and leadership to deal with the intensified political crisis. The political-based fascist movement of the Petiburian forces attempted to stabilize society in a short period of time as a counter-revolution and militant organization. <Economic Background> It occurred in the form of economic control and supervision by the state in the wake of the crisis of the capitalist economy, and Mussolini called this interferenceism a mixed economy. In the postwar economic crisis, traditional Ptolemy gradually became radical and took on an anti-capitalist tendency, leaning toward the revolutionary ideology of the working class. This middle class became the support base for the fascist party, which cleverly exploited the desire for change in the status quo. In the process of combining monopolistic capital with the fascist movement involving the middle class, errors and defeats of the working class existed, and in the 20th century, a form of one-party dictatorship was required as a cohesive force against the newly powerful class. German political scientist C. Schmidt defined the fascist state as a totalitarian state, and explained that the state has the characteristic of governing both society and economy. It is different from capitalism and socialism in that civil liberties and workers' rights are completely denied and individual economic activities are subordinate to national interests. Fascism, unlike socialism, does not deny the capitalist system, but opposes its political ideas and systems. In that respect, it seems to have an anti-capitalist character, but the true concept of confrontation of fascism is the socialist state system. Fascism, which has the characteristics of anti-liberalism, anti-parliamentaryism, and anti-Marxism, is the form in which the political reaction at the stage of monopoly capitalism has been the most extreme. It also embraces the spiritual products of capitalist society because it does not appeal to theoretical reason and ventures with the immaturity, backwardness, and inexperience of a specific class. Its ideological characteristics are fanatic and arbitrary because it is based on anti-rationalism, racism and imperialism due to inequality and violence, denying international law and order, showing totalitarian tendencies in all relationships, and the principle of cooperation. The development and dictatorship of fascism depend on the historical, social, and economic conditions of each country, and have different forms depending on its ethnic specificity and international status. The establishment of fascism began in the 1920s with Italy, Poland, Hungary, and Portugal, and Spain fascism took power with the support of Germany in 33 and Germany and Italy in 38. It can be divided into the following according to the form of reorganization. ① Legally taking power through elections or spreading the public base (Germany/Italy), by a coup by a right-wing military (Portugal, Espanya, Greece), by a right-wing authoritarian regime transformed into fascism by a military or militant pro-fascist coup (Finland, Hungary, Poland). Italy is the most typical fascist country. Popular support was obtained through the appeal of nationalism, and fascism was created by seeking a close cooperative system of politics and economy. Mussolini, who led this, conducted "Roman Progress" and argued that it was a "state formed and organized from below" with the concept of nationality on top of the class concept. Mussolini, who took power in 1922, attempted to form a vocational union between capitalists and workers and reorganize it into a state by cooperative method. At the top, there is the National Council of Cooperatives, and it has the authority to harmonize with the national interests while respecting the individual initiatives of the 22 cooperatives established under it. By granting legislative power to the cooperative body in February 34, Mussolini was able to combine his dream of building a strong state and advancing into the world. In January 1933, it joined hands with the German Nazi regime to invade Ethiopia, withdraw from the League of Nations, and sign a three-nation alliance with Germany and Japan to become the leading country in World War II. In 1923, the Nazi Party rallied a wide range of small and medium-sized producers to overcome the social unrest caused by the defeat after the failed uprising in Munich. It succeeded in attracting some of the working class under the name of the National Socialist German Workers' Party. The global depression, which began in 29, was a factor in the expansion of Nazi party power, and became the first party in the 32nd election. The ruling class, which lost its ability to resolve the severe crisis of the 1930s, handed over power to A. Hitler in January 33 despite its fanatic political beliefs. Contrary to the optimism of the ruling class, Hitler used the president's emergency powers stipulated in Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution to seize all powers, resulting in the collapse of the Weimar Republic on March 2, 33. Hitler then established a totalitarian dictatorship to prepare for World War II. Germany, which was divided into more than 300 territorial states, was a national aspiration to form a modern unified state such as Italy and France. With the slogan of national unification, German national concepts of superiority of the Germanic people, purity of blood, and anti-Semitism emerged. It is also known as Emperor Fascism.Unlike Italy and Germany, which acquired power with the aim of revolution "from below", a powerful state system was formed under the Meiji Constitution system. The government strengthened economic supervision and control, enacted the National Mobilization Act of 1938 and formed the Industrial Protection Association of Japan in the 40th century, established the Emperor's fascism system in 1931, withdrew from the International Federation in 1933, and formed a three-nation alliance in 40. <Other Fascism> In the 1920s and 30s, fascist regimes and fascist movements appeared one after another in each country. There are fascist regimes such as Hungary's Holti regime in 1920, Poland's Piuszki regime in 28, Portugal's Sarazar regime in 33, Spain's Franco regime in 36, and Chile, Brazil, and Argentina, which were born during World War II. Among these regimes, the Franco-Right-wing government's civil war against the people's government, created by the cooperation of Republicans, Socialists, and the Communist Party, was unsuccessful due to a counterattack from the people's front government, including worker resistance. Other fascist movements that did not reach power took place, but they almost disappeared after World War II. Some governments, like Franco's, have survived for a long time.

There is no Jesus in Israel

 the relationship between Judaism and Jesus Kim Jong-chul, a documentary director, quotes from the book "There Is No Jesus in Israel,...