A light history story

2022년 5월 9일 월요일

Immortal Master Yi Sun-shin 4. The outbreak of the Japanese Invasion of Korea (1)

Since the beginning of the history of the Korean people, there have been numerous foreign invasions, but each time, our ancestors have overcome national difficulties with the will of the hot country and extraordinary fighting spirit. There are countless heroes of the country who have displayed outstanding leadership in every national crisis, but no one can dispute the fact that Yi Sun-shin is the greatest hero, hero, loyalist, and martyr. Yi Sun-shin was the best war hero in Korean history, and when the country and its rivals were on the verge of collapse due to unprecedented disasters such as the Imjin War and Jeongyu Jae-ran, he commanded the Joseon Navy and won consecutive battles with his beliefs and extraordinary strategies. He was born as the son of a poor scholar and was a great teacher of the people who consistently maintained loyalty, humanity, and patriotism despite all kinds of hardships during his short life of 54 years. "It is hard for the British to admit that Admiral Yi Sun-shin of Joseon is an excellent commander comparable to that of Horatio Nelson, but it is undeniable that Yi Sun-shin is the best admiral in the East," said Maj. G.A. Billard, who was the principal of the Royal Naval Academy. Dr. Ray Huang, a Chinese-American historian and professor at Washington State University in the U.S., praised Yi Sun-shin as one of the three greatest war heroes in Oriental history, Chen Hundao of the Vietnamese Dai Biei Dynasty, and Wen Sung-hwan of the Ming Dynasty. In light of the situation in and out of the country today, especially the political and economic crisis that is once again missing, Lee Sun-shin is reminded of the fact that he was a CEO with extraordinary leadership in addition to the known master of saving the country. In order to survive infinite competition with powerful countries in the face of a new turbulent era of the 21st century, we will have to find the wisdom of overcoming the national crisis through the leadership of Seongwoong Lee Soon-shin, who was greater than any great man in East and West. ◆ The Korean-Japanese War is absurd unless the Lee family disappears. Currently, KBS 1-TV historical drama "Immortal Yi Sun-shin," which deals with Admiral Yi Sun-shin's major in the background of the Imjin War and Jeongyu Jae-ran, replaces the Japanese invasion of Joseon with the term "Joseon War." The Imjin War was named because the Joseon Dynasty considered Japan as a prosperous country at the time and recognized this war as an armed rebellion of the prosperous country, not an international war between countries. In other words, the Joseon Dynasty neglected to defend Japan because it despised Japan, and eventually suffered devastation due to Japan's massive invasion, which resulted in the destruction of many people, so let's use the name "Joil War" to recognize Japan as an official country in the 16th century. However, according to Leopold von Ranke's theory, which emphasized the historical description that objectively describes the individuality of facts while sticking to the original historical data, we need to make efforts to establish a view of history according to people's perception at the time. Not only in the 16th century, but also in the ancient society before that, the international perception of East Asia was recognized as a normal state only when the monarchy was firmly established. In other words, while the emperor had real power and operated state affairs according to his will, the political form in which local officials were appointed and dispatched according to the emperor's order was normal. However, even after the Kamakura Shogunate in 1185, Japan continued its history as a Mu family for 682 years until the collapse of the Edo Shogunate, and King Ogimachi and King Gojo of the Shokuho period were not even there. Therefore, it was Japan that fell far from the standard of being judged as a normal country in East Asian society at that time. Of course, the opinion that Japan during the Shokuho period should be regarded as a normal country is correct because Japan cannot ignore the national power that invaded Joseon with a huge military force of 200,000 troops. But is there any reason for us to look at the view of history on Japan from a neutral position to a level of consideration for the other person? Currently, Japanese historical circles call the Joseon Dynasty the Yi Clan Joseon Dynasty. Lee's Joseon is a name based on the intention not to recognize Joseon as a sovereign state. The Japanese perceives that Joseon was a descendant of the Jungwon Dynasty like Ming, and that it cannot be regarded as an official state because Joseon established its own regime on the Korean Peninsula under Chinese rule and was founded with the permission of the Ming emperor. A subordinate state means that the concept of a province is set in the form of a small country, not a county, in order for a suzerain state with a wide territory to more easily divide and rule its territory. In other words, the Korean Peninsula was China's territory at the time, and this perception is different from the relationship between the military and the emperor as we know it, as it allowed a small country called Joseon to be established on the Korean Peninsula, which is part of its territory. The Japanese do not recognize the Joseon Dynasty as a sovereign state, as well as the concept of colonial history to justify the colonial rule of the Korean Peninsula by Japanese militarist forces in the past. When the Japanese disparage and distort the history of the Middle Ages in this way, do we really need to recognize the Japanese Shokuho period as a normal state system consistent with the East Asian international community at that time and call the existing term "Joseon War"? The reason why the Japanese call their king the Emperor and want the surrounding countries to call him that is because their arrogant perception is contained in the name of the Emperor. The emperor is a divine being who controls even the will of heaven at his disposal, so it means that he is a monarch who gives virtue to the peoples and people of all countries around the world, and therefore an emperor who rules the world's empire. The Japanese think that Japan is a better country than its neighbor, Korea, because Japan is recognized not only as a host country in Asia but also as a host country, and the people of all countries in the world are known to be the emperor. When the Korean president visited Japan for a summit meeting with the Japanese prime minister, he said, "I think Japan, a self-proclaimed emperor, is more polite than an international democracy, even though the emperor bows politely. It is regrettable that the Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade has officially announced that it will call the Japanese king the Emperor, oblivious to this arrogant perception of the Japanese people. Unless they collect historical views that disparage and insult Korean history, there is no reason for us to have historical views that consider Japan. ◆ 130,000 Japanese soldiers cross the Korean Strait. On April 14, 1592, the 25th year of King Seonjo's reign, Japan finally began the invasion of Joseon under the order of Hideyoshi Toyotomi, the highest-ranking official who rose to the position of Taehap. The Imjin War, which Yi Sun-shin was worried about, finally broke out. Hideyoshi Toyotomi, who had prepared a script camp in Nagoya, Kyushu, and led the war preparations while Yi Sun-shin of Jeolla Jwasuyeong was working hard to prepare for the war, decided April 13 of that year and ordered all lords from all over the country to dispatch. The invading army was divided from the 1st to the 16th, with a total force of 286,000. Among them, the 1st to 9th armies were 158,700, and 10,000 soldiers of the 8th Army, led by Hideo Ukida, commander of the invading army, were in Tsushima, and 11,500 soldiers of Hidekas Hashiba, were in Ikishima. The first troops to be deployed to the Joseon invasion were 137,200 from the 1st to the 7th armies, and the vanguard was 52,500 from the 1st to the 3rd armies. In addition, 118,300 troops from the 10th to the 16th were put on standby in Nagoya as reserve forces. Meanwhile, Japan's naval force was 9,000. The reason why there were so many naval forces compared to the Army was because the distinction between the Army and the Navy was ambiguous at that time, so if you fight on land, the Army If you get on a ship, you become a naval force, and rather, the most important role of the naval force is combat troops or transportation of military rice. Because it was an unprecedentedly large-scale invasion force, the Japanese army was on a different level from the previous Japanese invasion group. It was a regular army that devoted its national strength to the end. Looking at the formation and command of the Japanese invasion forces up to the 9th Army, the 1st Army has 18,700 Konishi Yukinaga, the 2nd Army has 22,800 Kato Kiyomasa, the 3rd Army has 11,000 Kuroda Nagamasa, the 4th Army has 5 thousand Yoshimazu, 4th Army has 5 thousand Koshima, 1 thousand. The commander-in-chief of the invading army was favored by Hideyoshi Ukida, who was at the age of 21 at the time, and Kiyomasa Kato, 30, and Nagamasa Kuroda, 24, respectively. On March 13, 1592, the first army of Yukinaga Konishi, who left Nagoya, arrived at the intermediate stop of Tsushima via Ikishima, followed by the second army of Kato Kiyomasa and the third army of Kuroda Nagamasa. The Japanese troops, who prepared for the final attack for a month, set sail for Busan around 9 a.m. on April 13 and reached the coast of Jeolyeong Island in Busan around 6 p.m. that evening. And I spent the night on the sea while exploring the boundary of Joseon's naval forces in Busanjin. Thus, the next morning, the Japanese army launched a massive landing operation, finally raising the full-fledged curtain on the Seven Years' War of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. ◆ The county of Gyeongsang-do, which was self-destructed at the beginning of the war. While the Japanese troops were crossing the Korean Strait, Busan Jinchumsa Jeongbal was hunting on Jeolyeongdo Island and found a large group of Japanese troops coming in black over the sea. He immediately returned to Busanjinseong Fortress and rushed to prepare for the battle, while reporting this to Dongnae's Gyeongsangjwajusa Park Hong, and Park Hong notified Song Sang-hyun. Joseon was still a frog in a well until then. I didn't even know that Japan's presidential delegation was coming across the sea all day long, and I didn't know that I was spending the night full of the sea off Busan. Furthermore, even though Japan warned several times and even gave an ultimatum, they were wasting valuable time ignoring it, so there was indeed a "Taepyeong Time." Therefore, there is also a saying that it is self-inflicted, and it is emphasized that history gives a lesson of unfortunate and unfortunate. When the war broke out, Park Hong reported it to the government and notified various generals around him, but even though he himself was a high-ranking official of the Tang Sang-gwan Jeong 3pum, he ran away without fighting for the country. It was because the size of the Japanese army was so large and its strength was so fierce. Yoo Seong-ryong wrote in Jingbirok, "Park Hong, the Gyeongsangjwajusa, saw that the enemy was so powerful that he dared not leave the castle and ran away... Lee Gak, a left soldier, heard the news and entered Dongnaeseong Fortress from the barracks. Upon hearing the news of the fall of Busanseong Fortress, Lee Gak was scared and said, "I was at my wits' end, so I stepped down to Sosin Station, surrounding myself to save him outside the castle." Park Hong abandoned his castle and ran away to Seoul, and again, while King Seonjo was visiting the evacuation site, he met Do Won-soo Kim Myung-won and participated in the Imjin River defense battle. However, even after that, he made a special contribution and died of illness the following year without being able to clean up his sins. Busan Jincheomsa Temple Jeongbal and Dadaepo Jincheomsa Yun Heung-shin, who were military commanders belonging to Gyeongsangjwa Suyeong, fought desperately while defending their camp and died heroically, but all of Park Hong's other generals fled. Around 6 a.m. on April 14, the first Japanese invasion force, led by Yukinaga Konishi, flocked to Busanjinseong Fortress like a flock of ants. While Cho fired and measured the gunpowder again, the Japanese army continued to attack like an archer shooting an arrow. At first, about 1,000 Joseon officials were embarrassed by the loud gunfire they heard for the first time, but they quickly regained their coolness and bravely responded to the calm command of Jeongbal. However, the heavy talisman, the troops were inferior, and the firepower was lagging behind, so the Japanese army could not prevent the onslaught. In that way, they fought hard for four hours and defended, but when the northern corner of the castle collapsed, the Japanese army rushed into the castle like a flood. Jeongbal was killed in battle after being shot by the Japanese during the war, when he was 40 years old. At that time, he fought in black artillery and was called a "black general" by Japanese soldiers. The Japanese army, which annihilated the Korean soldiers who fought to the end, went around the whole city, killing the people and setting fire to their houses and going crazy. Records say that at this time, 3,000 people were slaughtered by Japanese guns and knives. The Japanese army, which violated Busanjinseong Fortress, swept away Seosaengpo and Dadaepo, and surrounded Dongnaeseong Fortress around 10 a.m. on April 15, the next day. And on the plaque, it was written, "If you want to fight, fight, otherwise borrow a road," and it was seen in the castle. Then, Song Sang-hyun, the envoy of Dongnae, stood and sent it to the Japanese military, saying, "It is easy to fight and die, but it is difficult to lend a road." As a result, a total attack by the Japanese army began, and Song Sang-hyun and the people of Dongnae-seong resisted with all their might, but eventually the gate was opened in two hours. As the last moment approached, Song Sang-hyun bowed twice to the north, where the king was dressed, and then gave a white fan to the bell and told him to leave the castle and deliver it to his father. There was a poem written on the fan, and the contents were as follows. The isolated castle is surrounded like a group of moons and there is no way to save the camp. The loyalty between the monarch and his subjects is important, but the grace between parents and children is light.] A Japanese man who had known Song Sang-hyun before told him to avoid him because he had seen his way, but he scolded him like this. "If our country has done nothing wrong to you, how can you do this against the law? " However, what good is moral theory in a battlefield where iron eats iron and blood causes blood? In the end, Song Sang-hyun received the blade of the Japanese army and ended his heroic death. He was 42 years old at the time. Cho Young-kyu, a Yangsan-gun County governor who came to support Dongnae-seong, was also killed on the same day. A Japanese general named Yoshimoto Daira was moved by Song Sang-hyun's resolute death, so he collected his body, buried it at the foot of the northern mountain outside the castle, and erected a wooden monument called "Songgongmyo, a loyalist of Joseon." More than 3,000 Koreans were killed by the Japanese military in Dongnae Province and 500 were captured. But in the midst of this, something ridiculous happened. A man named Lee Eon-ham, the governor of Ulsan, came to help Dongnae-seong and was defeated by the Japanese military, and Yukinaga Konishi, the enemy general, wrote a letter to him asking him to meet Lee Deok-hyung, a cooperative writer of the Joseon Dynasty at the time, and released it. Lee Eon-ham, who was released in this way, tore Yukinaga's letter out of fear of revealing that he had been captured. However, this fact was later discovered when Yukinaga sent a letter again. On the other hand, the book of Yuseongryong, Jingbirok, tells about the trend of the beginning of the war of Won Gyun, Gyeongsang Ususa Temple, which was based in Samcheonpo Port. As the Japanese fleet moved forward covering the sea in black, Won Gyun of Gyeongsang-woo Temple was surprised at the huge situation, so he dared not participate and threw about 100 military ships, artillery, and equipment into the sea. In addition, he tried to avoid the enemy by landing at the entrance of the sea of Gonyang on four ships with only the secretaries Lee Young-nam and Lee Un-ryong under his command. Thus, all 10,000 of his naval forces collapsed.' Won Gyun was born in Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi-do in 1540, so he was five years older than Yi Sun-shin, and he was also a senior in government service because he passed the examination before Yi Sun-shin. He served as Josanbo Manho and Buyeongbusa through the propaganda officer, and was appointed as Gyeongsang Ususa Temple in early 1592, when the Imjin War broke out. The measures taken by Won Gyun at the beginning of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, which were delivered by historical sources, were not much different from Park Hong, the Gyeongsangjwasusa Temple, and it was difficult to say that they were long-lived. In recent years, some argue that Won Gyun was appointed three months before the war, so there was not enough time to prepare, which is a theory of absurdity. This is because it is ridiculous that the investigation has two years in office and has not been trained for mission identification and emergency response for three months after taking office. At that time, 16 guns of 8 coffins were distributed to Gyeongsangwoo Suyeong, and a total of 73 battleships and 12,000 sailors, including 44 Panokseon and 29 Hyeopseon. However, when the war broke out, Won Gyun destroyed 67 military ships even before the battle, dumped all huge military supplies such as cannons and rice in the sea, and ran away with only six military ships, including four Panokseon and two Hyeopseon. Of course, most of his soldiers were scattered. In response, Yoo Seong-ryong also lamented, saying this. "Woosusa Won Gyun had many military lines, even though the waterway was far away, and the Japanese did not rally for a single day, so the Japanese would have delayed the attack on the ground, but they would have been more calm than Park Hong's. However, since the family is of no use in history, what should we do about this? Hwang Won-gap's "Revival Yi Sun-shin" Eco Business 2004; Kim Jong-dae's "Shin" still has 12 warships. BookForce 2001, Choi Doo-seok's "Imjin Japanese Invasion" and Lee Soon-shin's 1999 works.

Shimazu's Record of Admiral Yi Sun-shin's Last Battle

The Battle of Noryang, the end of the Japanese Invasion of Korea, took place on November 19, 1598, and was fought to escape Soseo Haengjang (Yukinaga Konishi), who was trapped in Suncheon Japanese Fortress. The Japanese generals had a meeting ahead of the rescue of the president of Soseo, and the Japanese generals followed Yoshihiro Shimazu, who argued that "letting their troops die on the land of Joseon would be a flaw in Japanese history," and he plays the lead in the rescue. Yoshihiro Shimazu was 64 years old at the time and an outstanding Japanese general who was also afraid of Pungshinsu-gil and Tokugawa Ieyasu, and was a daimyo of Satsuma (now Kagoshima Prefecture) in the southern part of Kyushu. He also killed Won Gyun, who replaced Admiral Yi Sun-shin, in the Battle of Chilcheonryang. The leaflet was held in Noryang from 4 a.m. on November 18, and first, King Jangsu of the Ming Dynasty, Deungjoseon, rushed at the Japanese enemy and was killed by the Japanese concentrated fire. The 500 Japanese ships consisted of 10 divisions, including the 1st Shimazu Yoshihiro, 2nd Shiranobu, 3rd Kabayama Kudaka, 4th Tachibana, 5th Terazawa Hirotaka, 6th Tanegashimashi, 7th Yamada Arinobu, and 9th Tekahashi. Yoshihiro Shimazu, a veteran general, hides his ruse fleet among these fleets. Fifty of Kabayama Kudaka's third fleet of the fleet will become a hidden fleet that will unexpectedly strike the Joseon Navy. The battle was mainly fought in front of the Noryang Strait and Gwaneumpo (the bay of Iraksa Temple west of Namhae Island) in front of the Jihyeopji Reservoir. 혹Some people mistook the Jihyeop for a waterway, but I believe this is not true. The topography is the basic of soldiers) It was mainly spread out in the area, and Kabayama Kudaka, the vanguard who charged Gwaneumpo Bay where the Joseon Navy was located, fought a little, abandoned the military ships in the beach, landed, and fled to the mountain. He landed on the South Sea Island and gave up his ship. Admiral Yi Sun-shin, who watched this from afar, must have thought, "Ugly cowards, Japanese!" Thinking that their Japanese fleet had given up the fight, they turned their heads and fought against Yoshihiro Shimazu's other fleet. As the day dawns, the battle adds intensity. Japanese ships are almost destroyed as damage is caused by the death of Lee Young-nam, a Garipo attaché, on our side. It was mysterious that Shimazu's boat also had its bow folded, its mast bent, and was floating on the sea in tatters (recorded by the Japanese side). At this moment of crisis, when Yamada Arinobu of the 7th Fleet risked his life to jump into the Joseon Navy and save Yoshihiro Shimazu, the ship sinks. The unfamiliar tide played a big part in why the fleet was severely damaged. It was recorded that the tide made it impossible for the fleet to turn. The fleet under Yoshihiro Shimazu, which was 250 ships, sank 200 ships and fell to 50. It was in the afternoon when the victory of the Joseon Navy became clear. "What about those Japanese ships?" A group of new Japanese ships appeared behind Admiral Yi Sun-shin and made a surprise attack. It was an unexpected attack. "Where are all the Japanese ships from when they all sank?" The Japanese ships came from Gwaneumpo Bay and were 50 ships in Kabayama Kudaka's 3rd Battalion, who abandoned their ships in the morning and fled to the mountains. They did not abandon the ship. He drove out the ship again and caught the Joseon Navy off guard. The Japanese soldiers gained momentum and concentrated their fire on Admiral Yi Sun-shin's Panokseon, which they had barely figured out. Admiral Yi Sun-shin's Panok Line, which was attacked back and forth, was subjected to heavy artillery fire, and the Panok Line became a bloodbath. (This expression is a copy of Shimazu Yoshihiro's record of the Battle of Island) Yoshihiro Shimazu aimed at Yi Sun-shin's death, but this strategy fell. When it comes to trap tactics, Japanese generals who went through the 100th-century Warring States Period were one step ahead. A bullet from a Japanese-style fire, not a stray bullet, penetrated the chest, and Admiral Yi Sun-shin was killed in this sea of blood on board. Admiral Yi Sun-shin ordered his death to be hidden, but soon it was widely known to both the enemy and allies of the front that "the great Admiral Yi Sun-shin is dead!" (Recorded by Yoshihiro Shimazu) By dawn, more than 10,000 drowned bodies and 400 ships were sunk, and Japanese troops withdrew. Although they succeeded in rescuing Soseo and shooting Admiral Yi Sun-shin, the Battle of Noryang, which they also recognized as a defeat, ended. (Shimazu Yoshihiro said, "He built a memorial altar for both the Japanese and Korean soldiers in Sichuan Province and Satuma, where he stayed," and he is believed to have emptied the repose of the enemy leader in respect of Admiral Yi Sun-shin.) According to the above, Admiral Yi Sun-shin was caught by Shimazu's inducement.

The bottom line is nonsense and exaggerated lies

Panchovilla before Chegevara

Pancho Villa.................Central and South America is the home of the so-called popular revolutionaries.........that is, the Hong Gil-dong Im Kkeokjeongryu. In the early 20th century, decades before Che Guevara was active in the 5th and 60s, there was a hero named Pancho Villa in Mexico. As you can see from the description below, Mexico in the 1820s is liberated from Spain's 300-year rule. But that didn't go back to the original Aztec empire, it was the Spanish Caucasian Revolution of 1909-11, and it was the Mexican Revolution that even a few white Spanish and Indian Hispanics joined. Hispanic, the largest number of Mexicans, in a sense, it's not this time that Mexico was truly liberated from the Spanish colonies. But a small minority... ...that is, pure Indios are still marginalized and guerrillaising in the southern state of Chiapas... ...that is, in the old Mayan civilization. Of all Hispanics, there are many poor people. Pancho Villa seems to be the one who tried to transform the Bourgeoisie Revolution into the Proletarian Revolution as much as possible. In other words, during the Russian Revolution, when Kerensky defeated the emperor and established a republic, Lenin quickly overthrew Kerensky and established a communist state. In the French Revolution, when conservative gentlemen such as Lafayette tried to bring the absolute monarchy down to a constitutional monarchy... a radical extremist group like Mara Robespierre came to power and was overthrown by other conservative gentlemen. The Republic is maintained. Injection waves that we sneaked in during the June Uprising... Should I say? Mexico failed, as did all but Russia, which means that the revolution was successful, which means that the traditional Spanish white dictatorship was overthrown. the Bourgeoisie Revolution The popular revolution is a failure. Pancho Villa is such a Mexican revolutionary hero... ...and frankly it's not my favorite "family." a line of righteous acidity But our Im Kkeokjeong Donghak is also very popular in Mexico. Even in Russia in the 17th century, the popular revolt of Stenkarazin... ...the merciless suppression. Stenka is a mausoleum in Moscow. Stencarajin, Pancho Villa, Che Guevara, Im Kkeokjeong... ...shouting like an active volcano in the poor people! It seems that the true romance is a little short of 2%. You want a conservative reform... ...but you're a symbol of the times. During the Mexican War in the 1840s, the GIFT is the grandeur of the United States who ate Texas, New Mexico, California, and entered the capital city of Mexico. ====================== Pancho Villa ====================== Born on June 5, 1878 in Asienda, San Juan delio. His real name is Doroteo Arango, also known as Francisco Villa. Born the son of a farm worker and lost his parents early. He worked as a farm worker from an early age, but in 1894 he killed a farm owner who raped his sister and entered the mountains of northern Mexico. Later, until 1910, he worked in mines or entered a band of bandits and bandits, but gained prestige by distributing stolen money and goods to the poor and became the leader of the organization. In 1909, when F. Madero revolutionized against the dictatorship of the P. Diaz regime, he led and joined the guerrilla forces that followed him in 1910. He later became a popular hero as he conquered northern Mexico with strong charisma and consecutive victories. When the revolution succeeded, he returned to the civilian population and focused on redistributing land and reviving the economy. Then Orozco rebelled against Madero and went back to the battlefield. In 1913–1914 he joined forces with V. Carranza to assassinate Madero and oust Victoriano Huerta, who took power. After breaking up with Karansa in 1914, the Karansa faction continued its civil war. In 1916 when the United States supported Karansa, in retaliation, it attacked Columbus in New Mexico. Thousands of troops, led by John Joseph Pershing, were sent to catch him, but failed to achieve his goal. After Karansa was assassinated in 1920 and A. Uerta became interim president of Mexico, he retired from his life as a revolutionary army, but was assassinated in Paral in July 1923. ============================================== Background knowledge: Mexican Revolution =============================================== It took place with the aim of overthrowing the dictatorship of President Dias (1876-1911), who represents the interests of landowners and foreign capital, and transforming the semi-colonial social structure. As Mexico entered the 20th century, peasant revolts, workers' strikes, and radical intellectuals continued in various parts of the country. In 1910, liberal F.I. Madero succeeded in expelling Diaz in May 1911, with the cooperation of F.Villa and E. Zapata. However, in November of the same year, Zapata announced an ayala plan calling for land redistribution and broke up with Madero because Madero, a landowner and national capitalist, was passive in socioeconomic reform, especially land reform demanded by the people. Using the division of the revolutionary faction, General V. Uerta succeeded in a coup in February 1913 and established an anti-revolutionary regime. However, Uerta defected in July 1914 after being hit back by the constitutional revolutionary army and the Zapata faction, which were allied with V. Karansa, A. Obregon, and Bilya. However, the revolutionary faction was divided again into the Karansa-Obregon faction, which represented landlords, national capitalists, middle class, and the Bilya-Sapata faction, which represented the poor and poor peasants, and began civil war in the fall of the same year. The Vilya-Sapatas once occupied almost all of the country, but the Karansa-Obregonites, who gained cooperation from the working class, launched counterattacks from 1915, and their victory was confirmed by the end of 1916. A, who has represented the radical wing of the revolutionary army in particular.Obregon stipulated workers' rights (Article 123) and land reform (Article 27) in the new constitution enacted in 1917 despite the opposition of Karansa. Article 27 stipulated that "water, land, and underground resources belong to the original state" and "private ownership may be limited for the benefit of the public," enabling the nationalization and Mexicanization of mines, oil, and railroads owned by foreign capital as well as farmland. However, due to the destruction of the peasant army and pressure from the United States, the constitutional provisions of 1917 were only partially realized until the 1930s.

Immortal Master Yi Sun-shin 3. Hideyoshi's Ambition (3)

Since the beginning of the history of the Korean people, there have been numerous foreign invasions, but each time, our ancestors have overcome national difficulties with the will of the hot country and extraordinary fighting spirit. There are countless heroes of the country who have displayed outstanding leadership in every national crisis, but no one can dispute the fact that Yi Sun-shin is the greatest hero, hero, loyalist, and martyr. Yi Sun-shin was the best war hero in Korean history, and when the country and its rivals were on the verge of collapse due to unprecedented disasters such as the Imjin War and Jeongyu Jae-ran, he commanded the Joseon Navy and won consecutive battles with his beliefs and extraordinary strategies. He was born as the son of a poor scholar and was a great teacher of the people who consistently maintained loyalty, humanity, and patriotism despite all kinds of hardships during his short life of 54 years. "It is hard for the British to admit that Admiral Yi Sun-shin of Joseon is an excellent commander comparable to that of Horatio Nelson, but it is undeniable that Yi Sun-shin is the best admiral in the East," said Maj. G.A. Billard, who was the principal of the Royal Naval Academy. Dr. Ray Huang, a Chinese-American historian and professor at Washington State University in the U.S., praised Yi Sun-shin as one of the three greatest war heroes in Oriental history, Chen Hundao of the Vietnamese Dai Biei Dynasty, and Wen Sung-hwan of the Ming Dynasty. In light of the situation in and out of the country today, especially the political and economic crisis that is once again missing, Lee Sun-shin is reminded of the fact that he was a CEO with extraordinary leadership in addition to the known master of saving the country. In order to survive infinite competition with powerful countries in the face of a new turbulent era of the 21st century, we will have to find the wisdom of overcoming the national crisis through the leadership of Seongwoong Lee Soon-shin, who was greater than any great man in East and West. ◆ The turtle ship, which was active during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, first emphasized the importance of military ships in preparation for the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. Fortunately, among his subordinates was a military officer named Na Dae-yong, who had a natural talent for Joseon art. Na Dae-yong received the full trust of Yi Sun-sin and devoted himself only to building the turtle ship. Na Dae-yong was born in 1556 and passed the military examination at the age of 26, and joined Yi Sun-sin's barracks with Au Chi-yong at the age of 36 before the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. Following the construction of the Turtle Ship, he participated in various maritime battles and established many majors, and after the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, he created a new warship, Changseon, Haeju, a speedboat, and served as a governor of Gyeonggi-do during the reign of Gwanghae-gun and died at the age of 57. The turtle ship was almost in the final stage just before the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, and Yi Sun-sin reported on its appearance and performance through Janggye after winning the Battle of Dangpo. "Shin built a turtle ship separately because he was worried about the invasion of Japanese pirates early on." The front is made of a dragon head, attached to it, fired cannons with its gills, and iron nails are placed on the back, and you can see from the inside, but you can't see from the inside. Although it is supposed to penetrate hundreds of enemy ships and fire cannons.' There is no data to appeal whether it was the same battleship, but the turtle ship was already in the reign of King Taejong, which appears in the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty. In other words, there is a record that in 1413, a mock battle between Gwiseon and Waeseon took place in the Imjingang River, and this turtle ship disappeared before long as the Japanese pirates became less aggressive. According to the records that the Turtle Ship has existed before, it cannot be said that it was invented by Yi Sun-shin or Na Dae-yong, but it was never made under the direction of the 조정 adjustment. Also, even before he took office, he was not in Jeolla Jwasuyeong or other naval camps. However, he would have reported in advance to his immediate superior, the governor of Jeolla-do, and obtained permission. Otherwise, if such a formidable battleship had been built on its own, it would surely have been suspected of its ancestors. The records of Yi Sun-shin's Haengrok describe the appearance of the turtle ship in this way. The size is the same as the Panokseon, and the top is covered with a board. There was a narrow cross-shaped road on the board so that people could pass, and all other blades and awls were inserted so that there was no place to put their feet on all sides. A dragon head was attached to the front to make the mouth a gun hole, and a turtle's tail was attached to the back to make a gun hole under it. In addition, six gun holes were made on the left and right sides, and the entire shape was generally the same as a turtle, so the name was called Geobukseon. When he met and fought against the enemy, he covered the awl and blade with a giant and became a vanguard. The enemy was stabbed by blades and awls and shot from the left and right to attack, and the ship was always victorious in the big and small battles after World War II, as the enemy ship ran in and out of the sea. We were only two days before the Japanese landed in Busan. There are two types of data on the turtle ship: the so-called "Control Yeongwisundo" and "Jeollajwa Suyeong Gwisundo," which were compiled in 1795, 200 years after Yi Sun-sin's death, so the accuracy of the data cannot be guaranteed. The salvage of the turtle ship continues steadily in the southern coast, but not a single relic worth seeing as the remains of the turtle ship has been recovered. There is no exact data left on the number of turtle ships, so we have to infer that Yi Sun-sin's Janggye said, "The turtle ship is not less than 125 masters and soldiers..." and "There is no way to supplement 130 soldiers to one ship." Based on these records, the characteristics of the turtle ship show that it was a special warship with the function of the first charge ship, an invincible combat ship made much stronger than the second general battleship, a horror ship with superior firepower, and a defenselessness. On the other hand, there are several theories about the number of turtle ships built by Yi Sun-sin during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, but there is a consensus that it is generally three ships. ◆ Gunpowder weapons far superior to the Japanese military. Then, how much power did the Joseon Navy have at the time of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. According to the remaining records, there were generally two turtle ships, 177 Panok ships, 119 narrow ships, 1,800 ships installed here, and a total of 49,800 troops. At that time, there were about 12,000 soldiers on 73 military ships, including 44 Panokseon and 29 Hyeopseon in Gyeongsangwoo Suyeong under Won Gyun, and about 7,000 soldiers on 41 military ships, including 24 Panokseon and 15 Hyeopseon. In addition, although there was no naval battle, it is estimated that there were 40 Panokseon ships in Chungcheong-do, and there were also investigations in Gyeonggi-do, so there must have been battleships such as Panokseon. However, in the early days of the war, Gyeongsang Udo and Gyeongsang Jwa Do Su-gun destroyed and destroyed their own warships, leaving only four Panokseon and two narrow ships even before fighting with the Japanese, so it was regrettable that the power of the Joseon Navy was halved. Along with the construction of warships, including turtle ships, Yi Sun-sin's efforts were to manufacture and stockpile various artillery and gunpowder for use in naval battles. In particular, he made great efforts to prepare various gunpowder such as Cheonja Chongtong, Jija Chongtong, Hyeonja Chongtong, and Hwangja Chongtong, which were not used as the main weapon in naval battles at the time, as well as Daejanggunjeon, Hwajeon, and Cheolhwan. In the early days of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, when the Army, which was in a hurry, failed to defeat the Japanese new weapons with its bow and spear, and Shin Rip, known as the master of the time, was defeated in the Battle of Tangeum, and destroyed through Kaesong and Pyongyang. This is because the power of the fleet armed with the Panokseon and the strongest assault ship, the Turtle Ship, and its superior performance of gunpowder and gunpowder were powerful according to his excellent strategic tactics. Then, this time, we will look at gunpowder and other gunpowder. Until then, the level of iron and gunpowder weapons in Joseon was ahead of Europe. The cannon used in Europe was rolled up in a round iron pipe and tightened with an iron frame, and the shell was also a gun cast from Joseon's Daepot iron, and the shell was also an iron ring made of iron. In addition, European cannons often exploded before the cannon was fired due to a misalignment of gunpowder. Korea's gunpowder weapons were developed by Choi Moo-sun in the late Goryeo Dynasty and developed and mass-produced in earnest during the reign of King Sejong of the Joseon Dynasty, and were deployed to military fortresses nationwide. In 1435, 1,650 artillery pieces were produced, 900 in Pyeongan-do and 750 in Hamgyeong-do, and in 1445, 10,000 in Hyeonja Chongtong were deployed throughout Joseon. King Munjong, who succeeded King Sejong, worked hard to develop cargo trucks and deployed 367 cargo trucks to 32 military points, including Hansung, Pyeongan, Hamgyeong, and Jeolla and Gyeongsang provinces. It is the same as today's cannon that Cheonja Chongtong or Jija Chongtong are. The gun was cast in copper or bronze iron, measuring 120 to 200 centimeters in length, 18 to 40 centimeters in diameter, and weighing 78 to 725 kilograms. The gunman fired iron rings, but it mainly fired Daejanggunjeon, Chajeon, and Piryeongjeon, which are called super-large arrows. Daejanggunjeon Hall is a wooden stick with a length of 36cm, a diameter of 15cm, and a weight of 30kg, with an iron head of about 21cm at the end and three 75cm iron feathers on its body. When this super-large arrow was fired with a loud gunfire that rang the sky and earth and stuck into the enemy ship, the enemy was in chaos, exerting the terrifying power of pounding or sinking a large hole in the water-hot stomach. Janggunjeon Hall and Chajeon Hall were the same structure and only small in size, and Piryeongjeon Hall was made of leather instead of metal. The range was about 1km when Daejanggunjeon was fired into the Cheonja Tongtong, and the iron ring was 4km, and 640m when Janggunjeon was fired into the Jija Chongtong, and 200 iron rings were fired. The reason why Joseon was defeated by the Japanese military's personalization of gunpowder, such as spear, bow, sickle, pickax, hoe, and bamboo spear, even though it had a superior gunpowder weapon in the early days of the Imjin War. This was due to the fact that he did not care about military threats during the peace process that lasted for about 200 years. Since it was a disaster caused by Seolma, it was a self-employment of no illusions. They did not care about military threats or national defense at all, and they fought with their heads to explode only in the struggle for the regime, so they became frogs in the well. Therefore, there was no budget allocation for national security. Therefore, until the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, there were such excellent gunpowder weapons, but there was no room or will to mass-produce and deploy them. However, the Joseon government army was able to exert its power by Admiral Yi Sun-shin, who did not forget the power of gunpowder weapons. Yi Sun-sin was a jijang who really knew how to look forward. That's why economists in modern times refer to him as a great CEO. In order to strengthen his military armament in preparation for the upcoming war, Yi Sun-sin almost forgot to erode in the construction of warships and strengthening military training, as well as the manufacture of gunpowder and weapons. Admiral Yi Sun-shin made various artillery pieces such as Cheonja Chongtong, Jija Chongtong, Hyeonja Chongtong, and Hwangja Chongtong, as well as Janggunjeon, Jangpyeonjeon, Piryeongjeon, Hwajeon, and iron and etc. to be used for them. While Yi Sun-shin predicted such a future war and made efforts day and night to prepare for the war, the incompetent government's defense policy was at a loss. Shin Rip, who is even recognized as the best master of Joseon, said, "We should get rid of the navy and focus only on the land battle."There was a time when he posted an absurd plot. In response, Yi Sun-sin raised a general rule on the court and said, "There is nothing to follow the navy in preventing Japanese invaders from invading the sea. Therefore, neither the army nor the navy can be abandoned," he said, pointing out the injustice. Lee Soon-shin was not a government official who sat at the headquarters and gave orders and instructions only with his mouth just because he was the supreme commander. He shared the joys and sorrows of his men, and he was an excellent commander, who was constantly under his command, and who knew how to prepare for the coming enemy invasion by practicing martial arts in the archery field He was a strategist. Yi Sun-shin took the initiative in everything and set an example for soldiers. Just because you sit comfortably and give orders only with your mouth, you cannot gain the trust of the eldest son under your command. Nor could that have forced soldiers to fight with their lives in case of emergency. Yi Sun-shin knew all too well about it. That's why he felt the need to reinstate the soldiers' mental armament. However, Lee Soon-shin did not only treat his subordinates benevolently with infinite patience. He cherished and loved his subordinates with extraordinary affection, but he ruled strictly without forgiving any deviation that went beyond the limit. Yi Sun-sin was indeed a commander who was strict with the principle of punishment for Shin Sang. Yi Sun-shin made Odongdo Island, Yeosu-si, where Jeolla Jwasuyeong was located, trained the soldiers, built fountains everywhere to protect the Jwasuyeong, and made holes in large stones under the Suyeong Al Sea and laid chains together. In addition, Yi Sun-shin performed Manggwallye and watched public affairs on the first and fifteenth days of each month, and after finishing his official duties, he practiced archery to train himself and his generals in martial arts. These days, archery can be said to be a shooting drill, and Yi Sun-shin never neglected to practice archery just because he was a general and a busy official. Rather, he encouraged archery by walking to the table whenever he had a chance, and after the archery match, he shared alcohol with the generals and relieved fatigue. That was Lee Soon-shin's extraordinary and outstanding leadership. Yi Sun-shin trained his mind and body through a bow, not a sword, and human exchanges with his subordinates, and promoted unity. Hwang Won-gap's "Revival Yi Sun-shin" Eco Business 2004; Kim Jong-dae's "Shin" still has 12 warships. BookForce 2001, Choi Doo-seok's "Imjin Japanese Invasion" and Lee Soon-shin's 1999 works.

In the early Han Dynasty of China, a loyal armed officer had to die.

Hanshin is the one who made a great contribution to Yu Bang's victory in the fight between Yu Bang of the Han Dynasty and Hangwoo of the Cho Dynasty. Yoo Bang, who unified the world, sealed Hanshin as a super king, but he was worried that he would someday challenge himself, and Jong-ri-mae, a general of Hangwoo, was entrusting himself to his old friend Hanshin. Mam, who had been suffering from Jong-mae in battle earlier, hated Jong-mae. When he found out that he was in the Cho Dynasty, Mam ordered him to arrest Jong-mae, but Hanshin could not betray his old friend, so he did not follow the order and covered him up. There was a person who appealed this fact, so Mammu consulted Jinpyeong. According to Jinpyeong's strategy, Liu Bang was taken to Unmong and the emperors gathered in Jin, the western border of the Cho Dynasty. When the situation became like this, Hanshin voluntarily tried to know because he thought he had done nothing wrong. Then, a retainer who is usually skilled whispered to Hanshin. "If you pray with Jong-mae's neck, the Heavenly Father will be pleased." Hanshin, who thought it was right, said the word to Jong-mae. Then Jong-mae said, "The reason why the breast cannot invade the candle is because I am under you. But if you kill me and dedicate me to the breast, you'll be beaten soon. I'm really mistaken that you think that much. You're not meant to be the boss. All right, I'll kill you." And then he strangled himself to death. Hanshin takes the neck of a self-contained Jong-mae and dedicates it to the breast, but the breast restrained Hanshin. So angry Hanshin said, It`s the same as people`s words. After the sly rabbit dies, the hounds are caught and boiled, and after all the flying birds are caught, the good bow enters the mine, and when the enemy country is destroyed, the mother god is also destroyed. Now that the whole world has been conquered, I'm sure there would have been no leader of the Joseon Dynasty who was the first person to be insidious during the Joseon Dynasty If it's treason, the three tribes will be killed in droves, and even a loyal general will have a hard time dealing with such humiliation, but I think he chose suicide as a warrior.k

Immortal Master Yi Sun-shin 3. Hideyoshi's Ambition (2)

The Last Royal Family Story of Joseon

★ Queen Sunjeong Hyo Yoonbi The Queen Yoonbi is the monument of Emperor Sunjeong Hyo Yoonbi is the monument of Emperor Sunjong. Widowed at a young age of 33, she is leaving behind the last major story of the Joseon Dynasty. Japanese colonial era He did not hide the Seal, shouted "This is where the mother of the country lives" to the people who invaded Nakseonjae during the Korean War, and his majestic dignity, which resisted the Japanese colonial rule and protected Nakseonjae. She also entrusted her fate to Buddhism, which sank with the fate of the dynasty. At one time, she lived in a rented room near Heungcheonsa Temple in Seongbuk-dong and visited the temple every day to apologize for not being able to protect the dynasty as a daughter-in-law of the royal family. Perhaps thanks to her prayers at Heungcheonsa Temple, she finally visited Nakseonjae Shrine in Changdeokgung Palace after a persistent and lonely fight with the Rhee Syngman government and provided an opportunity to bring in King Yeongchin and Princess Deokhye in Japan. Empress Sun Jeong-hyo, the last empress of Joseon, who tried to do her part even if she was weak, died alone at Seokbokheon in Nakseonjae in 1966.

★ King Yeongwang Lee Eun was born in 1897, the third son of King Gojong and the younger brother of King Sunjong. As the last crown prince of the Korean Empire, he was taken to Japan as a hostage at the age of 11, and in 1920, he was forced to marry the daughter of a Japanese royal family (Lee Bang-ja) as a means of justifying the Japanese occupation of Joseon. The return of King Yeong could not be achieved even if he was liberated, but it was only possible in December 1963, but he was already unable to speak and was in a state of memory loss. For the next seven years, hospital treatment was also wasted, and in 1970, he closed his eyes in 1970. He was buried in the Hongyu Tomb.

★Princess Yeong was born in Tokyo, Japan, 1909) was born in Tokyo, Japan. Born as the eldest daughter of the royal family, she graduated from the academy in 1918 and married Lee Eun, the last crown prince of Joseon, who was taken hostage in Japan at the time, in 20. The combination of the two was a frivolous marriage planned for the fusion of Joseon and Japan. After World War II, the two, who lost their royal status under the new constitution designated in 1947, remained stateless and returned to Korea in 63. After the death of her husband Lee Eun in 1970, she remained in Korea and continued her husband's will to establish "Myeonghwiwon" for the physically disabled and "Jahye School" for mentally retarded children to engage in social welfare activities.

Born in 1931-, the second son of King Yeong-gu and Mrs. Lee Bang-ja, Yi Gu was born in Japan as the last descendant of Joseon and graduated from MIT Engineering University alone in high school. He married his co-worker, Juliet, but after returning to Korea, he was destroyed amid criticism that he had violated the royal dignity. After the death of Mrs. Lee Bang-ja, she left Korea, but returned permanently in 1996 and is now living in Buam-dong.

Princess Deokhye (1912-1989) was the last royal daughter of the Joseon Dynasty. King Gojong was the only daughter of King Gojong, who was born at the 60th birthday of his age from his noble family, Yang, and spent his life hogging the cuteness of the royal family. However, he was taken to Japan at the age of 12 in 1925, under the pretext of studying in Tokyo, and when his mother died in 1929, at the age of 17, he could not overcome the shock and became mentally ill. At the age of 20, when his condition was improving, he was forced to marry the son of a marijuana owner, and three years after his marriage, he was severely depressed and even suffered from severe depression. He returned to Korea in 1962 and died in 1989 at Nakseonjae Pass, but he did not recognize the person. ========================================================================================= The second son of King Yiu's Chin, a Japanese Army soldier who was the last enemy of Joseon... organized a guerrilla group of Taehangsan Mountain near Taewon to campaign for independence. Knowing that, Japan ordered Hiroshima in 1943, and he forced his son to give him laxatives and put off saying he couldn't go because his son was sick, but was taken away two years later. The day of Hiroshima's atomic bombing... eventually, the last enemy of Joseon without Japanese blood died like this His father... King Uichin is... Homanoh. Chomyeongpyeong-gil. His name is Lee Kang. the fifth son of King Gojong His mother was a noble man, Jang. In 1891 (the 28th year of King Gojong's reign), he was sealed to Uihwa-gun, and in 1894, he fled to Japan as ambassador to celebrate the victory of the Sino-Japanese War, and the following year, he visited Britain, Germany, France, Russia, Italy, and Austria one after another. In 1899 (Gwangmu 3), he studied in the U.S. and was enshrined as King Uichin, returned to Korea and became the president of the Red Cross. In 1919, he tried to escape to the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, and was discovered and repatriated from Andong, Manchuria. After that, he was forced to dole by the Japanese government several times, but he refused and kept the spirit of Baile to the end.