Police officers and firefighters in the Roman Empire.

 Rome, which has become the "capital of the world" (Caput Mundi), is now a city with a population of 1 million. If the security issue is left unattended, each has no choice but to devise a means of self-defense measures. In that case, only those with the financial resources to devise self-defense measures on their own will be able to enjoy safety. In addition, there was a concern that such a private police system would lead to a custom of solving problems with violence and eventually become an uneasy society. Augustus, who thought standing-up military power was needed for the "Pax" (peace) of the Roman Empire, thought standing-up police force was also needed for the "Pax" of Rome. Even in the Republican era, public safety was not neglected. Among the consul's duties, the important thing was the security of the city. If both consuls had to vacate Rome, they must have a "representative". Caesar did not forget that, and Mykenas was often in charge of Augustus' "agent." However, this was also a temporary job, not a full-time job. Augustus, which has permanentized many temporary jobs, has also made the police a permanent institution. It has been decided to appoint an experienced consul among senators to the "Prifectus Urbi". This is evidence that it was considered an important government position. Of course, there was a police officer under the 'Price Commissioner'. The police officer consisted of three battalions. Since the number of members of one battalion was 1,000, the security of the capital Rome was 3,000 police officers. Augustus also did not forget to install the "Fire Service" (Prifectura Bigilum). Firefighters were organized into seven battalions, and the number of members of one battalion was also 1,000. Since seven battalions were in charge of 14 districts in Rome, one battalion was in charge of fire fighting two districts. Many liberation slaves were hired as firefighters, and in many cases, a white captain from the Roman legion took office after being discharged from the military. It is said that it was not uncommon for a senior member to take office as the head of the National Fire Agency. This was also evidence that the Roman hypocrite valued fire fighting. The reason why there are surprisingly few fires for a city with a population of 1 million is that the fire fighting system was in place early on. These "commissioner", "director", or "manager" were not elected by election, but appointed positions recommended by the "cabinet" presided over by the emperor and approved by the "senior." Therefore, the term of office is usually over a long period of time, not a year, and salaries so far have been guaranteed. In short, it was a pure administrative official. Political officers (politicians) and administrative officers (government officials) in enacted Rome can be divided into unpaid or paid. A person belonging to the ruling class is a politician if he or she fulfills his or her responsibilities (but necessary expenses were provided), and if he or she receives salaries and performs his or her duties as a professional, he or she can be called an administrative official.