Military operation of the bow. Part 03.

 Tactical Management of the Palace Launching Method 1) Japanese military units used a common method called 5-jin 3-chopjin in the formation of the attack.22. With the support of the palace, the rifle unit overpowered the opponent with firepower, and when the electricity was ripe, infantry and cavalry with a Japanese sword rushed at the same time to launch a white battle. 23) The organs of the Japanese army are guns and spear swords, and the Japanese army has become a strong army in the world to take life lightly, charge, and fight. The equipment rate of the rifle was 20% of all weapons, but in terms of quality, it was highly dependent on the rifle. Joseon's organs were different from the Japanese army due to archery. The strengths and weaknesses of weapons vary depending on the operation, and the rifle is strong against the plains, but Gungsi is advantageous for ambush operations using rough terrain 24). The Battle of Tangeumdae in Chungju was a representative battle that was defeated because it did not properly utilize the archery, the specialty of Joseon. The fact that even the palace, a traditional weapon of Joseon, was not properly used was that it was absolutely inferior in terms of the amount of weapons possessed and armed forces. Even in the report of Bibyeonsa Temple, there are only 6-7,000 military soles in eachjin facing the Japanese invaders in Gyeongsang-do, and some of them have 6-7 military soles owned by a general. There were only about 100 arrows in each camp. It was absolutely impossible to win against a strong Japanese enemy with such troops and weapons 25). For example, there were reports that there were only three soldiers in Sangjujin, and even in the case of Jinjuseong Fortress, which was in good condition in Gyeongsang-do, the soldiers collapsed.27). At that time, each subparagraph was stipulated to have a palace, but these basic principles were not properly observed. In this situation, it is very difficult to say that the instruction to prepare gunpowder per unit was effective 28).       In order to respond to the Japanese army, which uses mixed tactics of soldiers and short weapons, a change in tactical operation was required. The conventional orchid method had the effect of threatening distant enemies. However, when the effect was halved for the Japanese, this method was applied in a short distance to further enhance the effect, and it was divided into three units. The Japanese also applied the Q&A method to the firing of guns. In the {Jeungbo Literature Remarks>, the Nilsa Act is to divide the archers into three groups as a way to respond to enemies rushing with short weapons in close combat so that they can shoot arrows one after another so that they do not break.29). Yoo Seong-ryong divides the importance of the Nilsa Act into teenagers if there are 100 shooters. With 10 people, 1 bow is pulled together, but 3 out of 1 shoot first, 3 shoot next, and 4 shoot next. Oni does not make it simple one after another, so 30 to 40 arrows out of 100 people always shoot next year. The person who shot first tied the arrow again and made it spin endlessly, making the enemy unable to catch the gap.   The questionnaire is also applied only after learning it in advance. If it is not learned, it is said that the enemy will only be killed by old fashionedness (30). The operating system of the Q&A due to archer disease can be summarized as follows. First, it is a transition from a single group management system for the entire palace disease to a shared management system roughly divided into three groups. Second, it is a wide range of operational methods that can be applied at all distances beyond the center of the long-range launch method. Third, it is a controlled operation method that corrects the random random randomization method. Fourth, the effect of power can be improved through integrated operation with the firearm.   2) The approximation method is one of the archery learning methods, which refers to a method of mastering the target by starting from a short distance at first and gradually moving the target to a long distance (31). Through the mastery of approximation, the accuracy rate was increased by using the yarn as if it were an approximation. Gungsi emphasized the accuracy and penetration during the battle. Penetration is a killing force, and it is natural that a close-range death is necessary to increase its effect. In theory, the approximation of bringing a cavalry who attacks mobility to within dozens of steps and attacking it with a palace was possible. However, it was that difficult to carry out this while maintaining a normal state on an extremely tense battlefield. This was only possible by usual training and the protection and courage of the military. In order to implement the approximation method, the effect could be expected if the installation of various obstacles to protect allies' archers was preceded while delaying the enemy's attack speed. During the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, the Japanese invaders could use the withdrawal when they were free, but it was difficult to use it when it was urgent and could not be used when it rained, but there would be no time when the bow could not be used. If we shoot an arrow after the distance is very close to us, we (Japan) will not be able to win if we pull the bow in the battle and move forward without retreating a little bit.32). He pointed out that. The Gungsi's response to the group leader suggests that there was a chance of winning only with a close launch. The Joseon army was able to win the battle using the tomb of such operation. An example of the practice of applying this can be Kwon Yul's Haengjusanseongjeon. Previously, the use of weapons by the Joseon army was aimed at threatening shooting, but in the Haengjusanseong Fortress, it was an operation to increase the maximum killing power. The general killing power of archers was reaching more than 100 steps, but Kwon Yul further increased the effectiveness of close combat by suggesting a tactical shooting principle of "do not shoot until the enemy approaches less than 30 steps."34). The weapon that became the organs of Joseon against the Japanese army was Gungsi. On the previous day, when there was no rifle, Japanese invaders invaded Jangchang and Dando, and Joseon remained hundreds of steps away from the palace. However, in Im-si, the Japanese enemy had a tool called a rifle, so it could penetrate if it reached hundreds of steps and hit it, and the bullet was like a hail, so Gungsi could not dare to fight 35). Therefore, when the archer was used as a military flag as before, its effect was not only halved, but the amount of arrow wasted was also large. The use of this weapon as a short weapon, that is, the killing effect was increased by allowing the bow to be shot at a very close distance without shooting a bow from a distance during the war. In Haengjusanseong Fortress, Gungsi, a soldier's flag, was used like a short weapon, which had a great effect. In addition, Kwon Yul was able to halve the shooting effect of Japanese guns, and it was the installation of obstacles such as woodblocks that he paid attention to as one of the factors for winning the Ichi War. Kwon Yul realized the importance of obstacles in Ichijeon, so he realized the importance of obstacles in the acidic exhibition of Haengjusanseong Fortress. Such operations were theoretically possible, but there were some adventurous and dangerous aspects to the application of the real world. However, Kwon Yul handled it with his experience of fighting against the Japanese army and elite troops. He overcame the crisis of the beginning by deploying about 70 Neungsaja (能者 주) to the enemy's silly comments. 3) Jeoljusa Temple refers to a firing method that emphasizes moderation in the use of arrows. In the past, when the enemy soldier reached a long distance, it was said to be a riot, so it was natural to waste arrows with threat shots. However, through the Imjin War, the Joseon army, which lacked the absolute amount of weapons, demanded moderation in the use of arrows. This cutting method focuses not only on simple moderation, but also on reducing the waste factor of arrows through thorough aim. In this respect, the cutting method is a aiming method, and the operation of the approximation method itself is related to the cutting method.   In an example of the Jeolsa Act, Kim Si-min issued a strict order in the Battle of Jinjuseong Fortress and fired an arrow carelessly so that there was no waste 37). In the Suseongjeon Hall of Yeonanseong Fortress, Lee Jeong-am did not shoot arrows at soldiers recklessly against the enemy's rifle attack, but only then did he shoot arrows and order them not to waste arrows and kill the enemy 38). In the Battle of Yeonanseong Fortress, when the Japanese army launched the siege battle with guns in the first battle, the Joseon army firmly defended all day and fired only with pyeonjeon, damaging the enemy. When the Japanese army, which failed in the first battle, tried to break the wall with a charger, the Joseon army responded by shooting arrows or setting fire while looking down from the Biru. Among our allies, the shooter fought against the enemy at the forefront, so the damage was the greatest enough to kill about 10 dead people 39). Through the operation of the cutting method in parallel with this close-range death, we were able to overcome the inferiority of weapons and win the battle of Guwolsanseong Fortress and Haengjusanseong Fortress in Incheon by maximizing the effect of aiming shooting in Suseongjeon using topographical rough land. In addition, attention was paid to improving the justice of the palace itself. For example, in the judiciary, the left and right history of the Akbi group was presented as a model. The general posture in the court's justice is one side, and it was mastered on both sides, that is, left and right sides. Through this mastery of justice, we tried to equip ourselves with the ability to shoot arrows under any environment and conditions. In addition, the Doksi method, which had been used by the Eupru people earlier, was practiced to enhance the effectiveness of the battle.40. The above question law approximation law and ablation law were applied as an integrated method in general battlefields. During the period of the Imjin War, it attempted to work through a new method of launching the archer. It was a major transition to the use of archers, and the use of archers, which are soldiers, as short weapons. Under the reality that firearms became the main subject of military weapons, the archers were replaced by a kind of short weapon. Archers can function and effect as weapons that can overcome the fear of close combat, such as the Baekbyeongjeon that Changgeomryu has.