Yemaek people, which means people living in dirty, rough land

 On December 19, when the year ended with the Korean history of Manchuria 2 2. Bi-wave type bronze sword and Gojoseon = Korea, he visited the ruins of Jeonggaja in Shenyang, China with the Kyunghyang Newspaper's coverage team. Jeongga Jaja Village was named because a person with the surname Jeong lived there for a long time. If you look closely around, the word "bronze" stands out. The addresses of the houses are also xxx, Bronze Road. The shopping district along the main road of the village is a bronze shopping mall. As such, it can be found that the word "bronze" is used here and there in the Tishichu area of Shenyang-si, Liaoning Province. It is said that the reason why the word bronze is used a lot is because there is a cemetery where the bronze dagger was found. The museum is located where the bronze dagger was found. Although it is called a list price and a site of freedom, it is currently closed and access to outsiders is blocked. It can be confirmed that a dagger and a bronze mirror were found only by a picture drawn on the exterior of the building. Two large wooden tombs and 12 small tombs were excavated from the Jeonggaja site excavated in 1965. The tomb at the third branch of Jeonggaja Temple, called Tomb No. 6512, was a wooden coffin tomb (3m65cm long) dating from the 6th to 5th centuries BC, and many bronze and black earthenware, including a bi-wave bronze sword and bronze mirror, were excavated. Based on the size of the tomb and the excavated relics, it is presumed that the main character of the tomb was the supreme ruler of Gojoseon, who had jurisdiction over the Liaohe Plain area around Shenyang, or the ruling class of Yemaek political groups. The literature describes the forces that grew up in Liaodong at the time as "the Empress of Joseon," and records that they are "arrogant and fierce," such as growing up and calling the king. In particular, China must have felt a sense of crisis over Gojoseon's attempt to confront the Yeon Dynasty or his emergence as a powerhouse in partnership with the Huns. This fact can be seen as an expression of Gojoseon's establishment of quite strong control power to encompass the surrounding area based on the Bronze Age culture in Liaodong, Nammanju. - Presumption of the "Hanjok," a bronze relic of China's Shenyang. - However, it is highly likely that it was the early center of Gojoseon as a large number of relics, including a bi-wave bronze sword, were recovered from the Jeonggaaja ruins in the middle of Liaohe. Of course, more bi-wave bronze daggers are found in Liao. However, in addition to the Yemaek people, the Liao-si area during the Bronze Age was a place where many San-yong and Dong-ho were active, and it is still necessary to discuss further to say that Gojoseon residents lived. The people of Gojoseon lived throughout the northwest part of the Korean Peninsula, centering on Liaodong, south of Manchuria. This area is a place where agriculture developed early on. The residents here were mainly Yejok and Macjok, and the language and customs were similar to each other. Among them, other groups were conquered or unified around the dominant forces. Thus, by the 8th to 7th centuries BC, Gojoseon appeared in history. At first, Gojoseon ruled loosely in the Liaodong area of Manchuria and the Daedong River basin, but in the 4th to 3rd centuries BC, the power of the country grows to the extent that it competes with China's Yeon Dynasty. People in China deliberately called these Gojoseon people orangkai. It was also named "Yemaekjok," meaning people living in dirty and rough land. - Handwriting to the Yeon Dynasty in the 4th century B.C. - If you look closely at Bronze Age and Iron Age relics from the Korean Peninsula or South Manchuria, you can restore the place where Gojoseon people lived and their social image to some extent. At this time, the relationship between the non-waveform bronze sword culture and Gojoseon distributed in Nammanju is important. This is because the bronze dagger, the so-called non-wave type bronze sword, attracts the most attention among the relics excavated from tombs in Liaoning. It has been noted that it was used by our ancient residents from early on because it is different in form from the bronze sword used in China, and it is mainly found in the area of Nammanju. Table-type dolmens, which are mainly distributed from Liaodong in Manchuria to North Korea, are also drawing attention. And in the area where Gojoseon people lived, Misong-ri-type earthenware was popular. This bowl seems to have been used during the same period as the bi-wave bronze sword (7th to 4th centuries BC), and it is found evenly across the Daedong River from the east of the Liaohe River, where table-type dolmens are concentrated, making it the most popular earthenware in the early Gojoseon Dynasty. This suggests that Gojoseon grew around the Liaodong area of Manchuria during the Bronze Age culture stage. - Proof of the old land of the bi-wave type bronze sword. - Gojoseon was a country that was established in the Bronze Age and continued to exist until the stage when iron culture was spread. In the early days, the political bodies of each region were loose federations, but in the latter days, they developed into a society with a fairly strong governance system. It seems that the territory at this time covered part of the Liaodong area in Manchuria, and was mostly the northwestern part of the Korean Peninsula as its central area. Regarding the late Gojoseon society, the Sehyeongdonggeom is drawing attention. The three-shaped bronze daggers are long and pointed daggers and were mostly excavated from wooden tombs found on Tongil Street in the south of the Daedong River. In the process of excavating the Northwestern region, more than 80% of the Sehyeong Cave found so far is concentrated around Pyongyang, so it is highly likely that Pyongyang was the center of Gojoseon when the sword was used. However, the period of using the triangular bronze dagger does not go back to the 4th century BC. In addition, the area where the Sehyeong bronze dagger is found does not leave the south of the Cheongcheongang River. - The key to the restoration of the history of the ancient Joseon Dynasty. - In the Pyongyang area, the early cultural relics of Gojoseon, Misong-ri type pottery and the non-wave type bronze sword, are rarely found. In the case of the bi-waveform bronze dagger, only a few were found near Pyongyang, and most of them were excavated from Liaodong. Misong-ri type earthenware is also found more in the north than south of the Yalu River. There is a record in the Chinese literature, "The Yeon Dynasty sent troops to take 2,000 ri of Joseon's western territory and set its boundaries as a full-fledged Korean." In reverse interpretation, it can be seen that before the attack of the Yeon Dynasty's Jangsu Jingae, Gojoseon's territory extended not only near Pyongyang but also further to the west in the Nammanju area. Gojoseon is the first country to appear on our land. Therefore, restoring Gojoseon's history is very important for understanding what the starting stage of Korean national history looked like and how the history developed afterwards. Gojoseon later had an important influence on the creation and growth of various countries established by the Korean people, including Buyeo, Dongokjeo, and Samhan, Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje. Therefore, it is very important to accurately examine the history of Gojoseon in southern Manchuria, especially in Liaodong and western North Korea, for the work of systematically organizing our ancient history and even our entire history. "Professor Song Ho-jung / Department of History Education at Korea National University of Education" Where is the capital of Korea's first ancient state Gojoseon? Academics have mixed views. As for the location of the Gojoseon capital, the theory of re-Pyongyang, the theory of re-Liaoning, and the theory of movement have been raised. "Pyongyang theory" theorists value the record that "Pyongyangseong Fortress was the place where Dangun established Joseon and ran the capital" recorded in "The Three Kingdoms." There is no disagreement that this Pyongyang castle is now Pyongyang. In addition, these scholars interpret that Wanggeomseong, the capital city of Wiman Joseon seen in the "Sagi" Joseon Dynasty, is also Pyongyang and "Persu" is Daedonggang River. This view gained strength when Nakrang remains and relics were found near Pyongyang in Japanese colonial era. Since nationalist historian Shin Chae-ho raised the theory, the North Korean academic community insisted on it until the early 1990s. They view the defeat that Wiman had crossed as Daereungha in Liao City, and Yeolsu, which is said to have been close to Wanggeomseong Fortress, as Liaohe. Specifically, they have designated the capital of Gojoseon as near Kaiping, east of Liaohe. The fact that large numbers of non-wave-shaped bronze swords and burial mounds are being excavated in Manchuria also gives strength to the theory of Liaoning Province. As for the burial mound, there are river tombs and pavilion tombs in Dalian, Raoning Province. However, Pyongyang's theory does not properly interpret the archaeological excavation results in Manchuria, and Liaoning's theory denies the relics of the Nakdonggang River basin and commits a considerable number of crimes in literature. The North Korean academic community recently rejected the conventional Liaoning theory and turned to Pyongyang's capital. The theory of movement of the capital city is the argument of academia to overcome logical contradictions by compromising the two arguments. This theory focuses on the temporal difference between the non-waveform bronze and the triangular bronze. Gojoseon, which was first building a wide range of non-wave-type bronze dagger culture in Liaodong, was shrunk by the eastern advance of the Yeon Dynasty and moved its center to Pyongyang to build a Sehyeong bronze dagger culture. It is most convincing in that there is no leap or strain in the interpretation of literature records and archaeological artifacts.