Regarding the number of cavalry and archers in the late Roman Empire,

 It is well known that the Roman Empire began to value cavalry in the 3rd and 4th centuries when it comes to the number of cavalry and archers in the late Roman Empire. In the late 3rd and early 4th centuries of the Roman Empire, Emperor Diocretian and Emperor Constantine dramatically increased the size of the army and cavalry. In addition, there is a lot of evidence of an increase in the role of court soldiers in the late Roman Empire. 1. How long was the general force of the late Roman Empire? The records of Emperor Diocretian show that Emperor Diocretian quadrupled the existing Roman army. Or, when he became emperor, the total number of legions was 39, but the number of legions increased to 59 to 60 just before he died. The historian who mentioned the total number of troops during this period was Lydia John, who stated that the total number of Roman troops at the time was 389,704 for the Army and 45,562 for the Navy. It is not known exactly whether the head of this force he refers to is the force before or after Diocretian reform. However, considering that the total number of troops in the empire reached about 580,000 at the time of Emperor Constantine's throne, it is reasonable to assume that Diocretian increased the empire's troops from about 380,000 to 500,000 to 600,000. The general history of Roman troops in the 3rd and 4th centuries AD is roughly as follows. Year Feed Empire Western Imperial Eastern troops ------------------------------------------------------------------- 235,000 people 253,000 people 385,000 people 312 Joshimus 286,000 people 581,000 395(?) Notitia 250,000 people 303,000 troops in total. 2. Number of cavalry in the late Roman army? According to historian Cheeseman, the initial number of cavalry in the Roman army was 3,600 cavalry members and 47,500 cavalry members, totaling 51,000 cavalry members. The first emperor to increase the proportion of Roman cavalry was Emperor Galeanus in the 3rd century AD. When he founded the Mobile Forces, he increased the number of cavalry belonging to the Roman Corps from 120 to 700. It is not known exactly whether the number of military cavalry increased by Emperor Galeanus has taken out cavalry of assistants and added them to the corps, or whether the number of cavalry belonging to the corps has increased while leaving them intact. If the latter, or bojobyeong a cavalry of the corps corps at the time was 33 and would increase the illness of the horse and leave the cavalry, a corps party increased the head of the horse has 33 will be 5.8 : 19,140 x be 580. In other words, interpret for Illetre follow the horse of 51,000 people to Emperor anuseu 70,140 people will be (+ 19140 51000). Roman horse head of the 260 or of respect between 50,000 and 70,000 people can see eotttago. Dio keureti anuseu the defense to each region and stationed in various parts of the Roman Empire is jegukkun gukkyeong to military invasion but later never been placed at the rear of the empire and (limitanei), will be separated from the field (comitatenses, palatinae) to meet the enemy. How much each of the horse and foot in this field and army gukkyeong sosokttoe data that was 395, key management and military forces of the Roman Empire from the government list of documents "notitia dignitatum" that is about respect can be found. Summarizing the cavalry and infantry units of the Roman army appearing in Notitia Designitatum, the percentage of cavalry and infantry soldiers in their unit --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

21,000 field soldiers of the Western Roman Empire 92,000 18.5% of the Western Roman Empire border soldiers 58,500 of the Western Roman Empire border soldiers 58,500 of 43,2% of the Western Roman border soldiers of 2,500, 100% of the Eastern Roman field soldiers of 82,500 of 20.7% of the total of 204,500 of 349,500 of the total. And, compared with the Western Roman, Byzantine, you can tell that to maintain a higher percentage of a cavalry. (a cavalry was 32.8 percent of the whole army is the Western Roman, Byzantine horse is 44.4 per cent of the whole army) 3., late Roman, the organization of a cavalry? The cavalry of the late Roman army include medium-sized soldiers engaged in close combat with close weapons such as spears and swords, mid- to long-term soldiers armed with full-body armor, horse-bearing horse armor, and sports soldiers mainly armed with complex dangos. The author of "warfare in roman europe, 350 - 425 ad" hugh elton What is the percentage of each type of horse in the late Roman army investigation. Heavy cavalry of a cavalry of the Western Roman Empire 2 percent, according to him, The Light Brigade (Mounted archery) concluded that 47 percent and 51 percent of heavy cavalry. Heavy cavalry is 15 percent and heavy cavalry of 61 percent of a cavalry of the same time the Byzantine empire, Mounted archery is that 15 percent. In general, the Western Roman jegukkun heavy cavalry is about half and separately, horse and rider are heavily armed and light cavalry Heavy cavalry has only 2 per cent overall light cavalry will tend to value. Heavy cavalry is on the other hand, the Byzantine empire than overwhelming majority in the Western Roman Empire, and heavy cavalry. + Heavy cavalry, the percentage of accounts for more than 80 percent of all horse. That is relatively importantly, you can say that he thought the heavy cavalry. 4. The number of late Roman soldiers. There is no historical data that tells exactly how much the late Roman army's archers were. However, you can guess how much of the palace disease there was. Among the unit names that appear in the official document of the Roman Empire in the late 4th century, "Sagatarii," which means a professional archer unit, has 43 Eastern Roman empires and 26 Western Roman empires. Considering that most of the unit names in the "Notitia Designatum" have 500 members, except legio, or legion, there were about 21,500 (43x500) in the Eastern Roman Empire and a total of 34,500 (26x500) in the Western Roman Empire. In addition to these professional archers' groups, it seems that the late Roman army also operated a number of archers for each legion and assistant. Evidence for this is that most of the battle records in the 3rd and 4th centuries AD were mentioned along with infantry. 2> In the 4th century AD, a large number of arrows and bows were excavated from the legion where saragatii was placed. In particular, according to the third evidence, the phrase that Begetius trained one-third to a quarter of all soldiers as archers, it can be said that about a third to a quarter of the Roman army was trained to handle arrows. In other words, even if you don't manage up to a quarter of the entire army, you can see that there was a fairly high percentage of archery soldiers in general units. In particular, the fact that a large number of bows and arrows were excavated from the corps base where no specialized archers were deployed proves that there were many archers in the late Roman army in addition to the specialized archers group. In addition, records show that Roman troops killed 1,000 barbarians in arrow attacks around the 4th century AD, or articles in 365 AD that assistants from "auxilia platina" exchanged arrow attacks with each other for a long time.

Before the Manchu Invasion of Korea, there was a time when Japan offered to send salvation soldiers.

 Perhaps it was before the Manchu war, but the Japanese diplomatic line, which was grasping the harsh Jo-Cheong relationship, once proposed the dispatch of rescuers. It is natural that the frightened mediation refused it without hesitation. Of course, even if this proposal was accepted, we should examine whether Japan really had a willingness to dispatch, but if it had such an intention, it would have created a rare scene to see. (It is Hidetoshi Miyake, a researcher at the Korea-Japan relationship, who has dealt with this issue in earnest.   He believes that the opposition of the shogunate to Mancheong and Tsushima's willingness to play up to Joseon resulted in an ambiguous proposal for this responsibility.) The first Sino-Japanese War broke out while the two orangkas tried to take their interests in other countries. Comparing the case of the Qing Dynasty and Japan in the early 17th century, the Manchurians at that time fell short of Japan's military capabilities. Nevertheless, Japan failed in 1592 and the Manchurians succeeded in 1636. The two lucky things the Qing Dynasty enjoyed at the time of the Manchu Invasion of Korea were that unlike King Seonjo, who only ran away without looking back to Uiju, it succeeded in capturing the hesitating King Injo in Namhansanseong Fortress, and that there were no strong external variables like the Ming rescue forces in the past. After King Injo surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, Ming sent an emperor's letter saying, "I'm sorry I couldn't help you," but in Japan, Joseon's weak force became a laughingstock at the Tokugawa family's meeting. Of course, they used misfortunes from other countries as a side dish, but they would not have felt good if they had known that Cheong Tae-jong had asked Joseon to join Japan in Daecheong on his way to withdraw from Joseon. Joseon did not convey this difficult request to Japan. It is embarrassing that I gave in to the force of Manchuria Orancae, and it is also because the demand for joining itself caused Japan's anger and there was a risk that the spark would spread to Joseon. It's been a long time since I read it, so I can't remember clearly, but just before the outbreak of the Manchu Invasion of Korea in 1636, a Joseon news agency was dispatched to Japan. I'm coming back. The diplomatic achievements were great, such as being treated intensely by Tokugawa Imitsu, but when I came back, the Jongno area was in ruins, so the news agency wails, shouting, "What's the use of being good at diplomacy?" The record is included in the <Haenghaengchongjae>, which collects the knowledge of Joseon Tongsinsa, and it is read. I remember being touched by the author's sadness.

An excavation in China "Reveal Goguryeo history that China tried to distort."

 In a survey conducted by the Chinese government on the excavation of ruins in Hwanren and Jiaan, China, where Goguryeo remains are concentrated, a study that proves that Goguryeo history distorted by China is fictional is drawing attention is drawing attention. In a survey conducted by the Chinese government from 2000 to 2003, it was belatedly revealed that Saturn was not actually found in domestic ruins, contrary to the previous Chinese academia's claim that there was already an earthen fortress used by the Han Dynasty as a local fortress. In addition, various and original sexual relics built earlier than China were discovered in these areas, revealing that China's logic that Goguryeo built castles under the influence of China was fictional. This fact is drawing attention in that it is the first study to clearly refute the history of China's distortion, saying, "Koguryo was a subordinate country influenced by China," while reflecting the results of archaeological excavations conducted by Chinese academia before listing Goguryeo as a World Heritage Site. Under the theme of "Review of Goguryeo Relics Excavation Performance in Hwanin and House Areas," Seo Gil-soo, a professor at Seogyeong University, will present at the Goguryeo Research Society (Chairman Seo Young-soo) Autumn Conference at Dankook University on the 27th. Professor Seo Gil-soo argued, "The Chinese academic community summarized the newly discovered Goguryeo ruins in Hwanron and Jian and closely analyzed the reports Onyeosanseong (Liaoning Province Munmul High School Research Institute), Hwandosanseong Fortress, and Jilin Province Munmul High School Research Institute and Jiahnsi Museum." Professor Seo cited the results of the excavation of domestic fortress walls conducted by the Munmul High School Research Institute in Jilin Province in 2000 as an example. According to the paper, Chinese academia regarded the soil bank found in an excavation survey conducted in 75-77 as Saturn, and eventually claimed that Goguryeo moved the capital to Naeseong Fortress for 339 years and built a stone fortress based on King Go Guk-won (342). Professor Seo pointed out, "The reason why Chinese academia made such an unimaginable logical leap was to make the Saturn before Goguryeo into a Han Dynasty's and use it as an archaeological achievement to prove that Goguryeo was built on the land of the Han Dynasty." In other words, Chinese scholars have dug up evidence that their arguments are wrong. Professor Seo went on to say, "As a result of the overall analysis of the gates excavated from Onyeosanseong Fortress, Naeseongseong Fortress, and Hwandosanseong Fortress, it was found that Ongseong Fortress, which first appeared during the Tang Dynasty, already had various and developed shapes in the early Goguryeo period." Professor Seo argued, "The fact that such original and developed Ongseong Fortresses were put into practical use during Goguryeo is a clear evidence of Goguryeo's identity archaeologically and a direct refutation of Chinese scholars' claims that Goguryeo built castles under the influence of the Jungwon."

The Nazi Party jumps into the whole country. Episode 03. The one who runs, the one who flies above.

 The Nazi Party, which once seemed to be rising, faced a gradual crisis due to the lack of thought and philosophy, stability of domestic and foreign situations, and the people's neglect. In the midst of that, Hitler was still only looking for a chance to seize attack energy and attack the Republic. Taking advantage of Streze's foreign policy and the explosion of dissatisfaction with the government of the entire nation, Hitler launches large-scale propaganda activities and it imprints the Hakenkreuz flag again in the eyes of people. The Citizens' Right Alliance, which gained power, begins a government attack in the face of Alfred Hugenberg, who has enormous business support, but the new Deutsche National Party, which has no originality, faces a quantitative decline in the boredom of its leader Hugenberg. Hugenberg delivers a message of joining Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party to empower the right-wing movement, where civil weakness is prevalent... The third episode, "The Man Who Runs," led by Hoogenberg, lacked the ability to make the people on their side due to their own weakness and lack of propaganda, so they decided to join Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, who were known as "very rebellious, cheeky, and disobedient."  There were many concerns within the Deutsche National Party, but Hugenberg believed that he could control the noisy and low-key agitators at his disposal with the conceit of his success. This came from the conviction that his financial power and media control would be the biggest bait for Hitler's party. He thought he could simply overpower Hitler when the time came. Traditionally, it has fundamentally disliked cooperation with the Republican gang and the Boring Citizen Class, and concerns have also erupted from the Nazi Party and leftists in the party over whether the alliance should accept cooperation with Hugenberg for funds and propaganda organizations. The concerns of Heinlichloshe, a former member of the party's National Assembly, can be seen as a full representation of this atmosphere of concern for the party. "I can't help but want the leader to know how to deal with Hugenberg." But Hitler wasn't the one to move around according to other people's calculations. Basically, he knew in advance who was the most shaken. Contrary to Hugenberg's intention to bow his head like a beggar when he died, he interviewed Hugenberg in a very confident, cheeky, and arrogant manner. He told Hugenberg, "They must act completely independently, we are not subordinate to you, and how to help you is a matter of our own decision." He refused all the terms of joining the other party and did not hide his contempt and hatred for citizens and capitalists during the talks, eventually succeeding in ensuring full independence. Whether it is consideration for the left side of the party or the intention of scratching Hugenberg's heart, Gregor Stracer, the leader of the left side of the party, has been set as the person in charge of managing subsidies from the National Party.   However, the civic party clearly misjudged. For Hitler, the tag that follows was the German people who always laughed and ridiculed the vulgarity, coup drivers, and radical leaders, and most of all, turned away from them who had no more image than clubbed uniform thugs, and most certainly was Hitler's party. But the civic rightists wanted to get the energy they had already lost at the end of the war from Hitler's radicality, and they were comforted by accepting Hitler, but as a result, they did nothing short of carrying a bag of narcotic time bombs. As Hitler, he had enormous funds and power of the powerful media, and above all, he gained the halo of socially respected sponsors who would dispel the dark image of the past and took the opportunity to appeal to the people by imitating a decent politician. As it did in the early 1920s, anyway, Hitler's party started a large-scale propaganda with huge funds and media outlets. Large-scale propaganda, rallies, and speeches that have never been seen before were swirled, and a large number of posters were printed and pasted on the walls of the city. The Nazi Party, which was only known in Munich and Berlin, succeeded in promoting themselves all over the country at once as Nazi remarks and party advertisements were published every day in local and central media managed by the civic right. Not only did none of the civic right parties think of such witty and radical propaganda, but they even fell into the illusion that they were leading the situation with the unique bluff and pride of the social leaders. However, it was the Nazi Party, not the National Party that made its name known. As in Hitler's letter in "Adolf Hitler in Franken", it was, "It is surprising that the tendency to refuse the party with a cheeky, arrogant, or foolish attitude just a few years ago has now changed to hope full of expectations." The alliance with the civic right also played a major role in creating Hitler's extensive relationship with the business community. The content of Hitler's party's code was left-wing and there was no big capitalist supporting Hitler's party after the November coup. Hitler's party's funding was only a small amount of small entrepreneurs and sponsors, except for some donors and party members' party fees, and he openly opposed the Communist Party's position on confiscation of land or management of the donation did not increase. For Hitler's party, funds that were always insufficient to expand the situation began to flow in large quantities with the help of the business community due to the alliance with the right-wing of citizens. In his speech to entrepreneurs, Hitler said that he was a strong advocate of private property and that success was evidence of someone high, and tried hard to impress them as "a person who never does what matters to entrepreneurs." In addition, his relationship with Munich society was restored, becoming a VIP welcomed by people such as bourgeois nobles, where he was able to get a lot of money through connections. Some people printed party pamphlets at their own expense, and those people attended Nazi party events as VIPs, becoming more of a Hitler follower in the thrill of "heart-filled glory." The improved party situation also played a role in beautifully changing the appearance of the Nazi Party, which was generally underdeveloped. Hitler, who purchased the Barlov Palace in Munich, renovated the entire building into the Nazi General Headquarters building, which is the famous brown house (Das Braune Haus). Hitler's own house began to rent a nine-room house on the streets of Princz regentenstrasse, a place like Gangnam in Munich, in line with the party's finances. This appearance clearly worked, and the results were revealed in the 1929 local council election. In Saxony and Mecklenburg, the Nazi Party won more than 5 percent of the votes, and in Prussian local elections, it achieved more remarkable results, making it the mayor of Coburg and Wilhelm Freec the state minister in Thuringen. It was a great achievement that many other places did not know the Nazi Party to support the Nazi Party. With Hitler showing his face again and the end of the campaign against Strezemann's territory, which was the reason why Hugenberg was able to unite the right-wing forces, Hitler achieved his last achievement in a dangerous but effective way. As of the day it ended, Hitler had declared a breakup with Hugenberg, who had helped a lot. Hugenberg regretted hitting the ground, but nothing was impossible for Hitler. Hitler independently secured a source of funding for the business community, the party's financial situation has already improved significantly, and the Hitler effect created by Hugenberg's media outlets has been valid. Also, with Hitler's absence, Hugenberg again showed his lethargy, strongly leaving the impression that Hitler was the only right-wing hope to overpower the republic, and the dissatisfaction of anti-capitalist groups in the party died down. Above all, the impression of such intense behavior by a small party also remained strong, and Hitler's party had already grown beyond control. Lastly, Hitler's mention of that time... "In 2 and a half years or 3 years at most..." Our party will win."

During the militaristic period, the focus was on modernizing Joseon for the purpose of permanent annexation of the Japanese Empire.

 The colony of Japanese Imperialism era has been regarded as the dark ages of our history. It was a traditional historical perception that under the unilateral exploitation of Japanese imperialism, the people of colonial Joseon suffered from poverty and despair. Recently, however, some academia have argued that this perception is far from the reality of colonial Joseon. In particular, great economic development has been made, and the soil of modern capitalism implanted at that time has been mentioned as a factor in rapid economic growth since the 1960s. I met Lee Young-hoon (53, professor of economics at Seoul National University), director of the Nakseong University Economic Research Institute, who is at the forefront of this claim. The personal motivation for modifying the image of the _ colony of Japanese Imperialism era. In 1990, a joint study of the Japanese land survey project was initiated. The original data such as land registers were collected across the country. A large amount of raw data remained in Gimhae, Gyeongsangnam-do. When I saw the data, I was surprised by the contents that were so different from the textbook.Unlike the textbook's description of taking away unreported land from ignorant farmers by making them report land, detailed administrative guidance was provided to prevent unreported land from occurring, and guidance and enlightenment were repeated to prevent land fraud. Farmers also actively cooperated with joy when they saw their land being measured and pointed out. As a result, about 0.05% of them remained unreported, centering on tombs and hybrid sites. At that time, we realized that the image of colonial Joseon we had was a fictitious creation." _Then, what is the purpose of the land survey project? If you look closely at the historical records of Japanese colonial rule, you can see that the permanent annexation of Joseon was the purpose of colonial rule. It had an ambitious governance plan to permanently incorporate it into a country with the same system and social foundation as mainland Japan, not exploitation or exploitation. Modern land and property systems were a process for this." _ colony of Japanese Imperialism There's a misunderstanding that it glorifies governance.. It was a wrong plan from the beginning for the Japanese to permanently merge Joseon. Some within Japan argued that it is impossible to assimilate civilized peoples with their own history, and that they should help the Korean Empire become independent on a sound basis of cooperation because it will cost a lot of money. In the process, if we actively dealt with it, there was also an opportunity to avoid colonization. The modernization of Joseon for permanent consolidation had a basic contradiction that it caused national consciousness and resistance." _The economic situation in Joseon before the colony of Japanese Imperialismization. There are modern statistical data after 1910, but there is no direct data before that. However, an alternative outline can be drawn through data on tenant farming per Magigi and indirect data showing an increase in rice prices. As a big trend, per capita income gradually fell through the 18th century and then declined sharply in the late 19th century. Starting in 1750, the number of markets, population, and rice productivity in rural areas fell at once, and rice prices rose and real wages fell, indicating a strong trend in the economic downturn." _Economic changes after the forced merger of Japanese imperialism. The Joseon economy of the recession is on an upward curve around 1900. Capital inflows from Japan, settlement of modern market systems, reorganization of ownership systems, modern corporate systems and commercial laws, and development of trusts, telecommunications, and transportation that guarantee transaction safety are clear. Throughout the colonial era, a total of $8 billion in capital flowed in, and the creation of farms and factories by the Japanese increased GDP at the Korean Peninsula level, and GDP per capita and consumption of household goods increased significantly. In the 1920s and 30s, GDP rose by an average of 4% per year." _Did the standard of living of the colonial people increase? "That's right. Above all, the population has increased. The population declined throughout the 19th century and then turned to an increase in the 20th century. Population is also related to hygiene and infectious diseases, so it is not direct economic data, but it is data that allow estimation of the economic situation at the time. During the colonial period, the population of the Korean Peninsula increased from 17 million before that to 30 million (excluding 3 million overseas migration). That's how much economic power has grown." _What is the meaning of an average annual growth of 4% in the global economy at the time? The 1920s was a period of stagnation in the global economy. At that time, few countries, no matter how good the economy was, continued to grow more than 3% a year. The economic development of colonial Joseon was the result of common growth in the Japanese economic zone, including the Korean Peninsula, Manchuria, and Taiwan." _Was there a special growth factor in Japanese capitalism? "It's an active capital export. Since Japan created a colonial currency that can be exchanged one-on-one with its own currency, that is, a yen currency that makes the yen common, it was able to inject large amounts of capital into Taiwan, Joseon, and Manchuria without burden of paying dollars or gold. Due to mass investment and regional development, industrial products such as Joseon's Meriyasu and shoes were exported to Manchuria, which intensified market and division of labor in the Japanese economy. Britain and others did not export factories, capital goods, or intermediate goods to colonies to create industries. Western imperialism was basically a raw material exploitation type. Unlike Japan, permanent merger was not the purpose, so it was natural. India has made commercial investments that can leave at any time, managed by the UK. That is the original form of imperialism. The relationship between Japan and colonial Joseon is difficult to understand in such a framework. It was geographically adjacent, ethnically similar, and culturally quite similar, so I tried to make it a large Japan." _Was such a Japanese policy our luck as a result? A huge heavy and chemical industry was built in North Korea between 1941 and 1945, and its direct beneficiary was North Korea. Much of it was destroyed during the Korean War, but it is difficult to make it at first and not so difficult to recover. However, North Korea fell into a hunger swamp as a result of liquidating the market economy system. On the other hand, the Korean economy, which preserved and developed the capitalist market order established by Japan, has grown significantly.Therefore, it is questionable how helpful the physical heritage left by the Japanese imperialism has been since the 50s. However, the choice of actively participating in the global capitalist system, which was rebuilt under the leadership of the United States without Korea beating it down after liberation, shines." -Isn't it common belief that colony of Japanese Imperialism rule distorted the possibility of independent capitalist development? "We are not fully aware of the history of the 18th and 19th centuries. According to estimates, the per capita national income of colonial Joseon in 1910 was around $40 (1937 price). There were no industrial facilities, and it was a very poor situation. The capital accumulation rate was low, and 80-90% of the population was an agricultural society engaged in agriculture, but it has been experiencing a long-term slump since the 18th century. It was a society dominated by a kind of moral value or justification, and labor discipline or willingness to work did not develop. So, as the economy stagnated in the long run, there was a serious crisis that would dismantle itself." _Is the crisis of dissolution referring to civil unrest? "It's a phenomenon. When society loses its self-integration power, riots arise when the people no longer recognize the morality of the ruling class. From around 1840 in the 19th century, civil wars broke out everywhere, and farmers staged collective rebellion for about 50 years. The ruling class of the Joseon Dynasty, that is, the royal family or bureaucrats, was no longer able to exercise sound integration power, and lacked advanced ideology to lead society in a sound direction.It reached a common occlusion in a closed society. In fact, in the early colonial period, our intellectuals looked back on the 19th century and said that they were ashamed of their history, but since liberation, they have described history brightly and progressively, pushing all such perceptions as identity. However, you cannot learn from history by turning a blind eye to the true appearance of history."

The relationship between Goguryeo and the north latitude.

 1. The fall of Bukyeon, Goguryeo, which established a relief order centered on the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria, and became its central country, adds strength to its relationship with the Northern Dynasties of the North-South Dynasties. Bukyeon, which became the subordinate country of Goguryeo during the reign of King Gwanggaeto, was a buffer zone with the Northern Dynasties. However, Bukyeon was attacked by the northern part of the country that unified North China in 436 and reached the point of collapse. As the northern forces spread beyond the Great Wall of China, Goguryeo decided that Bukyeon no longer had any meaning as a buffer state, leading to a complete reception of Bukyeon. Bukyeon asks Goguryeo for help when it is attacked by the North. Accordingly, Goguryeo sends General Gallo and Maenggwang to greet King Bukyeon at Hwaryong (Joyang region), the capital of Bukyeon, with 20,000 soldiers. In addition, Goguryeo troops take soldiers from Bukyeon and enter the castle, take out the soldiers from the armory, give them to Bukyeon soldiers, and empty the castle. In addition, all the people of Bukyeon were moved to the east, and even the palace was burned. In this operation to move the people of Bukyeon to Goguryeo, Goguryeo troops marched on the left and right sides, and Go Pil, the commander of the Northern Guard, who was watching it, was afraid and did not dare to step forward. At this time, Bukyeon completely surrendered to Goguryeo. Numerous people also moved to Goguryeo under the escort of Goguryeo soldiers. It was not forcibly occupied by Goguryeo forces, but was done at the request of the North. Bukyeon, as a subordinate country of Goguryeo, requested relief from its home country. The reason why the Northern Guard, which was trying to take over the northern part of the country, could not attack Goguryeo's acceptance of the northern part of the country was because it was afraid of Goguryeo's power. Bukyeon was able to attack because it was a small country, but he did not dare to face Goguryeo head-on. Even from this incident, it is confirmed that Goguryeo turned Bukyeon into a subordinate country and made it a buffer zone with northern countries. 

2. The truth of tributes This strengthens the relationship between Goguryeo and Song to the north and further presses the north by strengthening the relationship between the north and the south. However, regarding the relationship between Goguryeo and the north latitude at that time, it is recorded in <Samguksagi> that Goguryeo donated countless times to the north latitude. The term "jogong" means an example of a kind of king and servant performed by the emperor to Heaven within the longitudinal feudal system of Seoju (770-250 BC). In addition, the term "((" was devised to strengthen mutual friendship and solidarity between descendants, and it is derived from the example of mutual relationship located below, saying that large ones are supported and small ones are small. Contributes and garrison have been expanded into an international order between various ancient East Asian countries, and it has been summarized as China's orthodox state becomes the center, offering tributes to neighboring countries, and China's correspondingly giving Chaekbong and gifts. The relationship between tribute and bookkeeping was an external expression of Chinese civilization. It was believed that the world governed by Heaven was China, and Heaven should exercise the same control over the world outside China. Only then will the mission of heaven be achieved to rule the whole world on behalf of heaven. In addition, the people of China were chosen people under the direct rule of heaven, so they believed that there was an essential difference from barbarians (people who escaped from the benefits of civilization) who were not even ruled by heaven. In other words, the realization of the relationship between tribute and bookkeeping was a logic to realize their worldview in the outside world. There is also a positive aspect of the tribute relationship. The tribute relationship gave the weak countries an opportunity to ensure their own safety and further accommodate and develop a higher culture. In addition, tribute relations have brought about many exchanges of goods, and it has the effect of expanding a country's range of actions in more diverse international relations. In addition, it is not much of a relationship that neighboring countries have donated due to direct or indirect pressure from the central country. In some cases, tributes were made to find their own status in a larger international order as their power grew. In this case, the status of the tributes may be determined by the grade of the volunteer work given by the central country to the tributes. The tribute relationship was only a relationship that gained justification from each other in diplomatic and commercial relations between various countries. Therefore, when you want to give up your justification and get practical benefits, the problem of justification may not be so important. However, China, which prides itself on being the central country in tribute relations, valued justification more than practicality. Therefore, in their history books, diplomatic relations were often packaged differently from the facts based on the theory of justification. When Chinese civilization had a strong power, a relationship between tributes and bookkeeping could be achieved. However, when the Chinese civilization weakened, the relationship between tributes and bookkeeping did not take place, and rather, China donated to the outside world. A typical example was the relationship with the Hunno in the early Han Dynasty, and so was the relationship between pine trees and yos and pine trees. The relationship between the north and Goguryeo is also believed to have been a tribute to Goguryeo. In other words, the practical realization of the relationship between tributes and bookkeeping depends on the strength and weakness of power. There are so many records of Goguryeo's tribute in <Samguksagi>, which was only created because articles based on the Chinese justification theory were cited in <Samguksagi>. In the case of Goguryeo, they would have no choice but to give tribute to them until the king's mother, Joo, returned after giving in to the Moyong scholar, a period when the power of the enemy was strong. However, in the state that Goguryeo became stronger, the tribute relationship was reversed, and the tribute relationship was realized through the external expression of Goguryeo civilization. Goguryeo became the central country where tributes were received, and the countries that offered tributes were given bookkeeping or gifts. These include sending envoys to celebrate Goguryeo's becoming the king of Bukyeon and giving clothes to King Silla as gifts. After King Gwanggaeto the Great, this situation emerged remarkably, which is an expression of the international order formed around Goguryeo. Goguryeo also conquered Dongbuyeo, Suksin, and Baekje for not offering tribute. When it comes to tributes, we have not always been tributes. This is because history has always changed. There were many differences in justification and practice from time to time due to the strength and weakness of power. The relationship with the north latitude was also influenced by power and real politics.  

3. At the time of the northern treatment of Goguryeo, the northern part of the country had accommodations where envoys from each country stayed, and Goguryeo was said to be the second after the envoy of Namje. However, in <Namjeseo>, in the 77th year of King Jangsu (489), Namje's envoy went to the north and placed Namje's envoy in the same place as Goguryeo's envoy, indicating that Goguryeo was actually treated as the No. 1 neighboring country in the north. The only thing the Northern Wei treated Namje was the gate of competition that inherited the legitimacy of Chinese civilization. Considering the Namje people's position to raise themselves, the Northern Wei actually favors Goguryeo the highest. The northern part was bordered by the hostile Namje, Yuyeon, the northern powerhouse, and various Western countries, but among them, Goguryeo was the most feared. The title given to King Jangsu by the Northern Wi was "General Cha Dae-gi Tae-bu~King Goguryo", which was the title of the highest general (Jeong 1 Poomha) given to other countries by the Northern Wi, and Tae-bu was the highest official. This is the most unconventional act given by the North to neighboring countries, meaning that Goguryeo was specially treated. In <Wiseo>, it is said that King Sejong of the North, who welcomed the envoy Yesilbul of Goguryeo, said, "Goguryo has been conquering all orangkas by freely controlling overseas under the title of Sangsang for generations." At that time, Goguryeo was the strongest country to conquer all neighboring countries in the Eastern region, and the North acknowledged that the world centered on Goguryeo was developing. 4. What was the actual relationship between Goguryeo and the north? Then, what was the actual relationship between the north and Goguryeo? In the 23rd year of King Jangsu (435), Goguryeo sent envoys to the north and demanded that the genealogy of the kings of the north be dedicated. The 23rd year of King Jangsu's reign was a year before the Northern Wei destroyed Bukyeon. At that time, there was a lot of controversy in the north latitude, but in the end, they dedicated their genealogy and name to Goguryeo through envoys. Writing down the genealogy and name of the kings of all time is an act that the subordinate country does only to the king's country. An example was performed by the Northern Wei against Goguryeo. Lee Oh, who came as an envoy at the time, said that Goguryeo had three times more population than during the Three Kingdoms Period and that the palace was very colorful. It was the death of King Jangsu that more clearly showed that the Northern Wei had the courtesy of his subjects for Goguryeo. When King Jangsu died in 491, Gojo of the north latitude (471-499) wore so-called Mora's white hat and clothes made of cloth worn during the funeral of Four Sim and went out to the eastern suburbs to express mourning, and sent envoys and all kinds of things to Goguryeo. In addition, when King Munjawang died in 519, Yeong Tae-hoo, the wife of King Sejong and mother of King Sukjong, expressed condolences at the eastern shrine in sorrow and sent condolences to Goguryeo. In addition, in 508, King Sejong of the Northern Wei built a shrine called Goryeomyo Shrine, where Goguryeo's founder was held in Cheongju-Shandongseong Fortress. When King Muyeol of Silla died, Danggojo held a mourning ceremony. However, even the shrine was built, and the king did not do it himself. It seems that no country in China has ever built a shrine where the king directly hosts a mourning ceremony and sacrifices the founder of the country in mourning because the king of another country died. Likewise, Goguryeo has never worn mourning clothes by the king himself, no matter what emperor of China died. It is necessary to actively review the meaning of the fact that the Northern Wei, which was powerful in the era of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, provided Goguryeo with such examples of subjects. If you dig deeper into the internal circumstances of the northern part of the country and Goguryeo's national power at that time, you can understand the northern part's behavior toward Goguryeo. At that time, the border between Goguryeo and the north seems to have crossed today's Great Wall, albeit temporarily. Song Eun, who was in hostile relations with the north, called King Jangsu King Goguryeo, the ruler of Yeong and Pyeongiju. In <Songseo>, this title is shown in the 12th year of King Jangsu (424) and 51st year (463). It means that during the Song Dynasty (420-479), Goguryeo was continuously expanding its power in Yeongju and Pyeongju. During the Northern Wei period, Yeongju is an area centered on the cultivation of the Daerungha basin, and Pyeongju is an area ranging from the downstream of the orchid and Beijing centered on Changryo and Biyeohyeon south of the Great Wall. Song believes that Goguryeo dominated this area. Goguryeo, which confronted the north latitude at the time of the collapse of the north latitude, may have decided the border with the north latitude south of the Great Wall of China. In other words, there is a possibility that it may be Goguryeo's territory to the vicinity of Beijing today. In <Yangseo> and <Goguryojeon>, Goguryeo continued to have control over the Pyeongju area from the days of King Gwanggaeto to King Anjang (519-531). Of course, since the countries that gave the Goguryeo king the title of ruler of Pyeongju were the Southern Dynasty countries that were hostile to the North at the time, it is unreasonable to prepare for the actual situation because Goguryeo knew its ambition to occupy the Pyeongju area. However, Goguryeo has no connection to the Pyeongju area, so there will be no reason for these countries to use such names. At that time, Goguryeo had enough national power to advance to this area.

Cesarean Ungi describes Korea's history from Dangun and shows independence in identifying it on par with Chinese history.

 Even in the late Goryeo Dynasty, historical research and writing activities were actively conducted. In particular, after the Musin Coup, there was a movement that there should be a correct understanding of traditional culture based on national independence consciousness. This is shown in the Haedong Goseungjeon Hall of Gakhun, the Dongmyeongwangjeon Hall of Lee Gyu-bo, the Samguk Yusa of Ilyeon, and the King Seung-hyu Lee also described the history of Korea from Dangun, showing independence in grasping our history equally with Chinese history. - National Preceptor (Sang), page 148, "What are you going to do with a prosperous country like the year and moon of Won and the moon?" The high and wide of the successful virtue is so early that it was submerged in Yeosu and brought up the Yuan Dynasty to sing many people. The virtues like our king are widely crazy and offer gifts from various countries outside the sea. It is the first time in a country like this since it was perfect, as all the wide heaven and earth in China are bare and the land is crowded with people. Since there is a separate heaven and earth in Jiri-dong, it is divided into Jungjo and Duyeon, surrounds three sides of large waves, and is a continent in the north, so this is Joseon, the middle border. The Hyeongseung of Gangsan Mountain is named in the world, and it is called Sojanghwa because it is named by Hwain, a house of courtesy in the village of Gyeongjeonchakjeong. Since he is a journalist who started the late Joseon Dynasty, he fled to Kim Myo-chun, the first year of King Mu's reign, and established a country on his own. King Mu sends a string from afar, so when he visits to pay back as an example, he asks about the human race of the owner of Hong Beom- King Jun, who becomes the 41st grandson, lost his country and even lost his people. After a long new month of 928 years, the reporter passed away. King Jun, who lost his country, moved to Geumma-gun and became a king again after forming a capital. In the 21st year of Goje's reign, Wiman, the general of the Han Dynasty, was born in the Dynasty and chased Jun and took it away in the fifth year of the disease. The grandchildren were torn down, and Han Mu-je sent soldiers to subjugate them in the 3rd year of Wonbong's reign. It is the payment of the crime of betraying and chasing the country in 88 in the third generation of supporting the country. Rather proud of being called precious flower by the Chinese, praising the circle that has repeatedly invaded Goryeo for decades, and because of the reporter's Dongnae, Joseon's land has become a polite land, counterfeiting King Jun as the 41st generation of reporters, and dismissing Wi Man-jo as a lover. He is only a great Mohwasaist who was proud of being called precious flower by Lee Seung-hyu, the author of the caesarean, or his own. (The same goes for "Three Kingdoms" too. The reason why it came to evaluate Cesarean Ungi as a book "representing independence" is that this book is the oldest document to record Dangun mythology along with Samguk Yusa, so it was served back and forth and to break its nose. It is the evils of Korean-style nationalism that only Dangun and Gojoseon come out, they do, serve, and watch unconditionally. There is no consideration of the background of the Dangun myth in the history textbook of the kingdom and the Three Kingdoms.