Changes in the Korean National Security Act.

 It has remained the same since it was revised in 1991 when Roh Tae-woo was in office. Since democratization was in progress at the time, it must have changed to evil law => proper anti-communist law. Currently, Yeolwoo dads don't need anti-communist methods at all... Is this right? Hmm....................... The stumbling block is the third generation of curly hair. Captain Yoo Sik was also almost arrested during the Kim Young-sam administration. Haong.... lol. He was released after an interview with black sunglasses. View the analysis data of the National Security Act on the history of the National Security Act on the perforation line ==================== National Security Act, which begins from Naver, promulgated and enforced on December 1, 1948, less than four months after the establishment of the Korean government. In the wake of the Yeosu-Suncheon incident in November 1948, it was hurriedly enacted by the Constitutional Assembly with the intention of removing left-wing forces in South Korea. However, the National Security Act was composed of the Japanese security law and had anti-communism, anti-unification, and anti-people's characteristics without clearing the remnants of the Japanese imperialism. Since then, the National Security Act has been expanded and strengthened due to the strengthening of the regime's dictatorship, leading to today. 1, the 4th amendment in the enactment of the National Security Act (1948.12-1961.5) from enactment to the Korean War 2) the period before 4.19 3) the application of the National Security Act under the Second Republic 2 (19.5-1980.12) 1) the 3rd amendment of the National Security Act under the military government, 1981-191.In the early days of Volume 2), the National Security Act was enacted and promulgated on December 1, 1948, during the period from enactment of the National Security Act to the 4th amendment (from December to 1961.5) to the Korean War. Subsequently, the first revision was made on December 19, 1949, and the second revision was made on April 21, 1950. The enactment and revision of the National Security Act aimed at removing left-wing forces, including the 'South Korean Labor Party'. Following the U.S. military government, a single government of South Korea was established in August 1948. Yeosu, which was ordered to suppress the incident again, occurred in Jeju Island in opposition to the establishment of a single government.An armed uprising took place by the 14th Regiment stationed in Suncheon District and its nearby residents. The Namro Party and its outer organization led or actively participated in this. Feeling threatened by this, the new government enacted the National Security Act with the main purpose of cracking down on rebels or members of the Namro Party. This was five years before the criminal law was enacted. During this period, statistical data on the application of the National Security Act cannot be found. The outline can only be guessed in light of the fragmentary data and legislative purposes. The following are examples and statistics of the National Security Act published in the Dong-A Ilbo and the Korean Press Yearbook during this period. Among the 40 officials of the Namro Party on December 1, 1948, a total of 424 cases were arrested by the Gwangju District Prosecutors' Office between February 6th and 12th after the National Security Act was enforced.Min. 6.6 Rep. Lee Moon-won, Roh Il-hwan (10 years in prison), and Kim Yak-soo, members of the Hwaseong Maeil Shinmun's abolition case, for promoting the inter-Korean unification movement signed by the Communist Party's Cho Kuk Unification Democratic Front.Park Yoon-won (8 years in prison), Kim Ok-ju, Kang Wook-joong, and Hwang Yun-ho.Kim Byung-hoe (six years in prison), Oh Taek-gwan (four years in prison), Lee Gu-soo, Choi Tae-gyu, Shin Sung-gun, Seo Yong-gil, Bae Joong-hyuk (three years in prison), lawyer Oh Kwan, etc., arrested 6.21 literary allies Song Ki-sung, Kim Dong-hee, Yoo Jong-ryeong, Baek In-sook, Chae Sung-ha, and Yoo Soon-ja.There are 0 people, 126 cases of non-prosecution, and 1,046 people. According to these statistics, the number of violations of the National Security Act tends to gradually increase, up 21 from 170 in February to 191 in March. In June 7.18 Seoul National University lecturer Park Chun-seok was arrested 8.2 Among reporters entering the U.N. National Security Act, Seoul Times Choi Young-sik, Korea Telecom Lee Moon-nam, and Chosun JoongAng Ilbo Heo Moon-taek were arrested for joining the South Korean Party.According to the Seoul District Prosecutors' Office's 11.14 inspection of the Ministry of Home Affairs on charges of violating the National Security Act, 2,300 people turned themselves in 11.25 during the 14-day surrender period from October 25 to November 7, the anti-American and anti-government politics.Even media activities and personal and accidental speech and behavior were punished. According to a report by the "United Nations Shipbuilding Commission," 118,621 people were arrested in 1949 alone under the enforcement of this National Security Act.132 political parties from September to October of the same year after imprisonment.Social organizations have been disbanded." The Syngman Rhee regime tried to solve various problems arising from the flooding of national security law cases and applicants by revising the law. The enacted National Security Act stipulated life imprisonment, imprisonment for more than three years, or imprisonment for prisoners and executives among those who formed associations or groups for the purpose of defying the state in violation of the national constitution. However, the revised National Security Act "upgraded the maximum statutory punishment" and expanded the scope of its application to enable the death penalty to be carried out by prisoners, executives, and those engaged in leadership missions.(Article 1) In addition, since the enacted National Security Act did not have any special provisions, the third trial system under the General Criminal Procedure Act was naturally guaranteed. However, the revised National Security Act reduced the judgment of a case on a crime stipulated in this Act from a "three-trial system" to a "single-trial system" as it is a single-trial trial and a district court or an agreement of support (Article 11). In addition, a new regulation (Articles 12 through 18) was established in the revised law that allows people who are judged to be able to make a turnaround to be imposed on "Report Fund" (held at a press office that makes a turnaround in thought) at the same time as the sentence is suspended. The revised law was revised due to public opinion at home and abroad even before it was actually implemented, but all of the revised contents survived the revised law or related special laws except for the trial system. In particular, the news detention system is later independent under the Social Safety Act, which excludes court trials.Development. Among these amendments, there are the following statistics, especially regarding the news detention system. The number of members of the "National Press Federation," which was mandatory for those who were released after judging that they had been passed away, exceeded 300,000 in the early 1950s, many of which are believed to have been killed by retreating ROK forces immediately after the outbreak of the Korean War. 2) During the period from the Korean War to April 19, the expansion and repetitive movement of the front lines during the Korean War led to the mass production of so-called "relative workers." The subordinate could also be punished under the Criminal Law and the National Security Law, which are general corporations. However, the Special Act, which allows more severe sentences to be sentenced through simpler procedures under wartime, was promulgated as Presidential Emergency Order No. 1 on June 25, 1950. And on October 4 of the same year, Gun.Sword.The Gyeongnam Joint Investigation Headquarters was established. The total number of workers recognized by the authorities, including those who surrendered and arrested during the early period of the Korean War, is estimated to be 550,915. Among them, 397,090 were embroidered and 153,825 were arrested. In addition, the above personnel included 1,448 North Korean troops, 28 Chinese troops, 9,979 guerrillas, and 7,661 Labor Party members. Many of them are estimated to have been sentenced to death, and as of November 25, 1950, shortly after the restoration of Seoul, 867 people were sentenced to death. Not only did the National Security Act punish the general public by labeling them as "companies," but it also served as a means of suppressing numerous "statuses" as "Communist parties." These include the "International Communist Party Case" and the "National Innovation Guidance Committee Case". They were more bent on internal wars to maintain power than fighting external wars in the evacuation capital of Busan. After the ceasefire of the Korean War, pro-American anti-communist ideology was firmly established in South Korea. The entire society was covered with anti-communist ideology, but the general public was not well aware of the harm because the sense of damage to the war remained strong and conservative forces overwhelmed all parts of society in a dominant position. Therefore, all 'progressive things' were identified with 'communism' and were subject to the application of the National Security Act, and no doubts were raised about this.

Rhee Syng-man opened the way for a second term in 1954 with four outs and five mouth amendments, but candidate Cho Bong-am of the Progressive Party did well in the 1956 presidential election and threatened the conservative regime. Accordingly, the Rhee Syng-man regime had no choice but to take action. And in 1958, the Progressive Party incident occurred. About 10 progressive party members, including Cho Bong-am, Park Ki-chul, Kim Dal-ho, and Yoon Gil-joong, were arrested for violating the National Security Act, and Cho Bong-am was sentenced to five years in prison in the first trial, but the death penalty was confirmed by the Supreme Court and was executed on July 31, 1959. However, the government's security continued to be threatened, with the opposition party doing well politically thanks to the media's revelation of illegal elections and economic aid from the U.S. increasing unemployment. Rhee Syng-man tried to overcome this crisis by changing the National Security Act. This is the third amendment to the National Security Act, which was dealt with through the wave (2.4 wave) of detaining opposition lawmakers by mobilizing martial arts police officers.(December 24, 1958) This Third Amendment Act, in particular, the crime of human heart disturbance under Article 17 (5) was mainly used to gag the mouth of the media and the people and to cover their ears. The representative event was the closure of the Kyunghyang Shinmun in 1959. The Kyunghyang Shinmun had already disturbed the regime's resentment with an editorial titled "The Geographical Destruction of the Government and the ruling party" and a column called "Women," but the Syngman Rhee administration took issue with an article titled "Arrest Hamo a spy" on April 5, 1945. As the article was published in advance, he missed another spy who was about to contact the arrested spy. For this reason, the Kyunghyang Newspaper was closed, reporters Eo Im-young and Jeong Dal-sun, who covered the article, were arrested on charges of violating the National Security Act, and Oh So-baek, head of society, and Lee Kwan-gu, chief editor, were booked without detention. In addition, the "Makgeolli Security Act" case is found as a site number. The Supreme Court reversed the lower court's judgment and sentenced the Defendant Sunwoo Man-hyuk, who was accused of defamation of constitutional institutions under the National Security Act while swearing at the president while drinking, to three years in prison by swearing at the president while drinking. Despite some of these cases, however, the Rhee Syng-man regime passed the third revised National Security Act, accelerating the separation of public sentiment and digging its own grave by exerting excessive coercion and physical force to dampen opposition from the opposition and the people. In addition, due to such a burden, the end was ended without properly using a weapon called the National Security Act. 3) As a result of the April 19 Revolution, a National Security Law enforcement agency under the Second Republic, the Democratic Party regime, which took over the rolled pumpkin, was forced to initiate a formal settlement of the Liberal Party's dictatorship. In this way, on June 10, 1960, the National Security Act was born, in which a lot of "poison teeth" were removed. However, not only did this have many limitations, but in particular, by establishing a "crime of notification" that had never existed before, there was an aspect of "another step up." It was true that the application of the National Security Act was refrained under the Second Republic due to the birth of a new National Security Act and the atmosphere of the times. However, since there have been cases in which ripples have occurred in connection with the newly inserted non-notification crime, the following two cases have attracted extraordinary attention from society. ▶ In the case of senior prosecutor Shin Hanok, senior prosecutor of the Busan District Prosecutor's Office (currently the Ministry of Public Security), was summoned by prosecutor Kim Jong-seop on charges of receiving sealed education in North Korea, being smuggled into building a financial foundation. Kim Jong-seop, a cousin of a different cousin, was accused of not starting an investigation or reporting to an investigative agency even though he stayed at the prosecutor's house for a day. In the case of Professor Oh Hwa-seop, Yonsei University Professor Oh Hwa-seop was arrested by the Seoul District Prosecutors' Office on October 24, 1960, saying, "If you don't leave my house right away, I'll report it to the police." After that, this case was suspended from the first trial, acquitted in the High Court, and again in the Supreme Court, highlighting the contradiction of "the crime of non-notice and the justice of blood" and the problem of non-notice. Furthermore, the Democratic Party regime attempted to enact a new anti-communist law in addition to the National Security Act. In 1961, the Democratic Party of Korea submitted a "special bill on anti-public provision" to the National Assembly and tried to pass it after "the abolition of Article 17 of the former Act, Article 19 of the silver clause, and Article 21 of the provision of convenience." However, during this period, there were no unusual loopholes in national security as a number of spies, including spy incidents such as Lee Kyo-min, were arrested and punished by the National Security Act on May 8, 1960. The confusion of this period was the enjoyment of freedom liberated from the foundation of Liberal dictatorship and was only a small labor for the settlement of democracy.    2. Anti-Communist Act and the 5th amendment (1961.5-1980.12) The "Special Act on Punishment of Special Crimes" was enacted on June 22, 1961, to obtain the justification for a coup immediately after the 5.16 military coup. Article 6 of the provisions of this Act states, "A person who praises the activities of an organization or member in the interest of an anti-state organization stipulated in Article 1 of the National Security Act shall be sentenced to death, life imprisonment, or imprisonment for not less than 10 years." Through this provision, it can be seen that the crime of 'special anti-state act' has a special legal nature of the National Security Act. 2) The Anti-Communist Act was enacted on July 3, 1961, and the Central Intelligence Agency Act was enacted on June 10, the same year after military administration by military coups 5.16 under the application of the Third Republic and Yushin. The National Security Act and the Anti-Communist Act were steadily applied through the three electric fields, and it shows that the ideology of anti-communism and security was used as the most powerful weapons to suppress the freedom and basic rights of the people. Through the statistics of the application of the National Security Act and the Anti-Communist Act, we can see that the number of applications is increasing as the political crisis of the regime increases.    3. The 6th amendment (Anti-Communist Act Absorption Integration, 1981-1991.5) 1) The application of the National Security Act in the 5th Republic became public conscious in the 1980s…Organization...theory was taking place. Prior to that, there was no organizational object to which the National Security Act was intensively applied, so it was applied distributedly and accidentally. However, in the 1980s, the organizational entity resisting anti-democratic, anti-popular, anti-ethnic, military dictatorship was highlighted on solid consciousness and theoretical support, so the National Security Act was always prepared. In addition to this objective situation, another factor that caused the explosion of the National Security Law case was the nature of the 5th Republic's frontal exchange regime itself. It was difficult to find any legal and moral legitimacy for the regime of the Fifth Republic, which caused the bloodshed of the "Gwangju Uprising" in the process of defeating the people's desire for democratization demanding the liquidation of the Yushin system. It was only a fact that a widespread resistance movement would take place against such an unorthodox regime, and measures against it were only oppression of the authoritarian system. Among them, the National Security Act was a high-level prescription that could hurt the resistance the most. The above subjective and objective situation led to the mass production of offenders violating the National Security Act in the Fifth Republic and earned the nickname 'the era of the National Security Act'. According to statistics by category of crimes booked under the National Security Act during the first half of the five republics from 1980 to 1987, praise and rubber crimes account for an overwhelming majority, and anti-government organization formation. This suggests that freedom of expression of political opinion is extremely suppressed, and at the same time, the arrester of the National Security Act is being used as a scapegoat for the establishment and maintenance of the regime. A total of 1,512 prosecutors were indicted on trial between 1981 and 1987, of which 13 were reportedly sentenced to death and 28 were sentenced to life imprisonment. It can be seen that the operation of the National Security Act is still brutal. From the previous period, the National Security Act was initially used, then subsided for a while, and then increased significantly again since 1985. Comparing 1984 and 1987, the number of applications of the National Security Act is almost five times higher. It goes without saying that the application of these national security laws is closely related to the political situation. The dissidents, who had been campaigning against the Yushin system in 1980, failed to achieve their goal of establishing a democratic government and had to face harsh trials after 5.17. The organizational foundation of the democratization movement collapsed and a large number of people had to go to prison. The number of people bound by the National Security Act in 1981 refers to the retaliatory application of democratization movement forces to democratic government establishment activities in 1980. After that, the lull in 1982 and 1983 indicates a recession following the collapse of such activities. However, the frequency of application of the National Security Act increased as tensions continued to be created in the current situation, such as the agitation of academies and the formation of the Youth Alliance for the Democratic Movement. In 1985, organizational cases such as the People's Education and the People's Cold War began to open the era of the National Security Act in earnest, and in 1986, the Great War between the regime and the National Democratic Movement continued, reaching its peak. In the three years from July 1984 to June 1987, when the momentum of the National Security Act revived, 1,025 people were booked under the National Security Act, or 70.8%, of which 726 were arrested, 50 were indicted without detention and 30 were briefly indicted, showing a 78.6%. Meanwhile, 129 people, or 12.6%, were suspended from prosecution. This proves the history of intense oppression and resistance, with 0.7 violations of the National Security Act occurring every day for three years and 0.9 people being booked every day.

2) The characteristics of the application of the National Security Act in Public Notice 5 The characteristics of the application of the National Security Act in this period can be summarized as follows. The theorization of the resistance movement has sparked thought and line debate over the theory of movement, not to mention that this theory of movement has become the best target of the National Security Law. When it comes to student exercise, "Moorim.There have been countless debates and conflicts on routes, such as the Hakrim debate, the CMP debate, the Jameintu and Minmintu, and the NL and CA, and each time it was woven into an organizational event. In the labor movement, "economism" from "preparation theory and struggle theory" in the early 1980s.Combinatorialist debate and 'NL and CA debate' followed. Numerous "movement theories" and debates that have taken place since this period have come from the difference between the perspective of looking at the current society and the outlook for reform, making it clear that the National Security Act does not even tolerate the ideology and scientific outlook of social transformation. Organizing the resistance movement has created so many 'organizational events'. This kind of case, in which the "crime of forming a transfer organization" under the National Security Act is applied, has increased significantly in the Fifth Republic than in any previous period. This is due to the practice of investigative agencies that exaggerate and apply or distort meetings at the actual small group or circle level. The political weakness of the National Security Act has increased the tendency to be used as a means of political retaliation or oppression rather than true national security. The above political abuse of the National Security Act has raised the National Security Act to the position of the most important agenda, the "Government Security Act," and its arresters also showed many aspects of residence under certain other regulatory laws. As a result of political abuse of the National Security Act as described above, the national security law was applied to students and ordinary citizens related to the situation, thereby reducing the risk of the National Security Act. This appeared as a relative reduction in sentence. In other words, the overall probation rate of criminal cases is much lower than that of the entire criminal case, but the probation rate of the National Security Act of the first trial has increased more and more and more. 3) The 6th Republic, which is subject to the National Security Act under the 6th Republic, is a regime that overcame the bodies of the 5th Republic. Although the acrobatics of "6.29" did not lead to the disconnection of the constitution, it was clearly required by the public right to resist to cut off the evil spirit of the Fifth High Court. The demands of the times of the so-called "five public liquidation" were the heaviest and most desperate burden erased on the shoulders of the sixth republic. Among them, a firm improvement in the human rights issue, which was the decisive cause of the collapse of the five balls, was the core of the "five balls liquidation." In order to improve human rights, the abolition of evil laws that enabled five evil laws, the release and compensation of victims under them, the abolition of human rights suppression organizations, and punishment for numerous investigative agencies and judges who participated in human rights violations were essential. However, he only pretended to improve human rights, such as the selective release of arrested conscientious prisoners and the formation of a Special Committee on the Promotion of Democratic Development Laws in the National Assembly, but made it clear that human rights issues could not be of interest to the 6th Republic over time. Furthermore, in the process of suppressing the national resistance to the avoidance of the 5th public liquidation, democratization and unification movements, evil laws, human rights suppression organizations, and prime ministers and judges who operate them were revived.The National Security Act has become the core of such human rights issues in the 6th Republic. The National Security Act, which has already been branded as a symbol of fear, was refrained from being applied due to controversy over opening and closing in the early 6th Gong, but was completely reinstated in the so-called Public Security Bureau after Pastor Moon Ik-hwan's visit to North Korea in April 1989. The number of applications of the National Security Act increased much more than the number of public security laws, and the proportion increased among the law on the basis of arrest in both cities. The nickname of the Fifth Republic, "The Age of National Security Law," was naturally handed over to the Sixth Republic. 4) Characteristics of the application of the National Security Act in the period of public notice 6 The number of violators of the National Security Act under the 6th Republic continues to increase in light of other crimes applied to the number of conscience. The indiscriminate application of the National Security Act has arrested people working in numerous fields, especially workers, publishers, painters, and teachers. Production of enemy-benefit expressions in view of the number of each provision applied to the National Security Act.Banpo light and praise. Rubber.Dongjo accounts for about 80% of the total. This indicates that the investigative agency is engaged in arrest for unnecessary arrest or is bent on creating an organizational case. The attitude and practice of dealing with violations of the National Security Act by investigative agencies and courts have remained almost unchanged. Harsh acts in investigative agencies remained in various forms, and the investigative initiative of the National Security Agency continued to be maintained. The rate of dismissal and acquittal of arrest warrants for the National Security Act of the judiciary was extremely low. 4. After the 7th amendment (1991.5~) 1), in the first half of the so-called civil government in the early days of the Kim Young-sam administration, the number of cases of arresting human beings decreased due to the application of the National Security Act compared to the National Security Act. However, from the second half of the year, personal detention by public security authorities began to increase, and gradually began to take on a shape that was not different from the past military regime's behavior. In this regard, it is pointed out that this is because there has been a tendency to abuse the position of public security authorities, whose position has been relatively reduced since the establishment of the civil government. (Korean Bar Association, 1993 8th Human Rights Report) ▶ The police arrested 10 people, including Professor Cho Kuk, for working at the South Korean Socialist Science Institute under the Sano Alliance from August 1990 to April 1992. In particular, Professor Cho has been conducting progressive legal research such as research on national security law and is personally close to the general manager of the Sano Alliance (Baek Tae-woong), and {Our Ideas} The arrest was based solely on the testimony of the relevant person that the Appellate Institute recommended him to join the publication of No. 1. Meanwhile, the prosecution indicted seven people, including Professor Cho Kuk, on charges of forming an anti-government organization and was convicted in the first trial, but later acquitted some of them of the anti-government organization and membership. On November 18, 1993, the Supreme Prosecutors' Office announced that some posts on Dacom's computer communication network "Chollian" would be investigated, and the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency arrested Kim Hyung-ryul, chairman of the club, on December 8. Meanwhile, on May 10, 1994, the Seoul Criminal Court alone (judge Yoo Woo-yeol) admitted, "Even if the contents related to the private union posted by Defendant Kim Hyung-ryul in the computer communication plan were not intended to violate the democratic basic order or benefit the transfer organization, it is recognized as a violation of the National Security Act." Since then, public security authorities have been censoring computer communication and arresting people whenever they have a chance. (However, the Seoul District Court's appeal section 5 posted some of the Communist Party Declaration in May 17, 1995, so it cannot pose a clear risk to Korea's basic order."And the lower court was reversed and acquitted.) Suppression of ▶ Publishers In 1994, the suppression of publishers suppression increased significantly. A total of eight people were arrested until August 1994, with the number of arrested publishers ranging from 1991 to 3, 1992 to 1, and 1993 to 3.Most of the books above (the National Police Agency, 94 parliamentary inspection data) were published three to seven years ago, and even though they did not become a matter of arrest under the previous military regime, they were newly questioned by the so-called civil government. In this way, the evidence that the authorities put forward while arresting publishers shows how outdated the legal use is in that it was an "associated list of transfer books" written in 1989 during the military regime. Meanwhile, regarding the authorities' arrest of publishers, the Okjung Literary Committee under the International Pen Club sent a letter to President Kim Young-sam on April 19, 1994, pointing out that "the arrest of publishers is a clear violation of freedom of expression" (Hankyore Shimbun, April 25, 1994).It is true that North Korea is praising and glorifying Kim Il-sung by presenting a model of humanism armed with socialist patriotism, but these are only naturally inserted fragments in the development of the novel, and it is hard to say that there is a risk of jeopardizing the basic order of Seoul's existence. Also, among the above booklets, {With the Century}The court dismissed the arrest warrant twice on July 21, 1995 and July 25, 1995, for Shim Bum-seop, the CEO of Inseo, who was urgently arrested on charges of selling. ▶ The abuse of the National Security Act in the case of Hope Bird and Roh Min-moon is also being committed in the field of artistic activities. First of all, the police arrested three people, including Kim Tae-il, CEO of Hope Bird of the Singing Theater, from the night of February 21, 1994 to the dawn of the 22nd. At that time, the police said that the script of "Morning Shine," which is scheduled to be performed nationwide in 1994, was arrested because it praised North Korea, and the police later arrested six more members of "Thursday rally for the release of Conscience and the abolition of the National Security Act" around March 24, 17:30. Subsequently, the Busan District Court convicted Heo Myung-soon, Ahn Sung-hye, and Choi Kyung-ah of Hope Bird on June 15, saying, "Freedom of art can also be limited to public security and order maintenance." In addition, the Seoul Criminal Court convicted June 29.

"It is clear that Kim and others tried to introduce North Korea's revolutionary songs through a national university tour, not just to introduce North Korean music, but to praise North Korea, an anti-state organization," he said, sentenced Kim Tae-il to two years in prison and Lee Yoon-jung to one year and 26 months in prison. Furthermore, the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency arrested eight members of the Workers' National Culture Movement Association (Nomin Munyeon) in the early morning of September 27. Noh Min-moon has been operating cultural schools, pungmul, and singing classes as an open cultural organization active in Guro and central areas, especially among those arrested, Lee Cheol-woo and others had already quit their activities two years ago. In response, arresters and their families argued that the government was riding on the atmosphere of a public security bureau and suppressing the culture and arts movement. 2) On the other hand, after the sudden death of President Kim Il-sung on July 8, 1994, some in society argued that Kim should pay condolences to him. In the meantime, Rep. Lee Boo-young said at the extraordinary National Assembly's Foreign Unification Committee held on July 11, "If we recognize that the stability of the Kim Jong-il successor system is necessary for dialogue and negotiations on the Korean Peninsula in the future" and "If some of the North Koreans' psychological state is established." However, most media outlets, such as the Chosun Ilbo and the Dong-A Ilbo, regarded condolence scholars as admiring Kim Joo-seok along with the equation of condolence theory = memorialism, fueling wasteful ideological debates with ruling parties and conservatives, and the government later announced a strong criminal punishment policy. Meanwhile, Park Hong, president of Sogang University, suddenly said on July 18, "There is Sano Maeng and Sarocheong behind the Jusa sect, followed by Kim Jong-il.When he sold the students, each media reported extensively as if the hidden truth was revealed, saying, "At a time when the perception that the injection was an anti-state force has been strengthened, President Park's remarks were an expression of demands of the times." ▶ President Kim Il-sung's death condolences were arrested and arrested in Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do on July 16, while Pastor Kang Jae-woo and Ahn Hee-man, chairman of the South Headquarters of the Korean Unification and Citizens' Union, headed to Panmunjom to pay condolences to Kim Joo-seok. Meanwhile, Jeon Chang-il, Vice Chairman Lee Jong-rin, and Vice Chairman Kang Soon-jung of the Seoul Federation were arrested together after simply following them to see them off. On July 18, Choi In-kyu, vice chairman of the student council, was arrested on charges of producing transfer expressions on the grounds that the student council of Seoul National University hung a banner saying, "We mourn Kim Joo-seok's death in the cause of national harmony and the inter-Korean summit should be held as soon as possible." ▶ Lee Chang-bok and Hwang In-sung's arrest case The Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency arrested Lee Chang-bok, co-director of the South Headquarters of the Pan-National Congress, and Hwang In-sung, chairman of the Pan-National Congress, by emergency arrest. After 48 hours of arrest from the court, the Seoul District Prosecutors' Office indicted them on charges of violating the National Security Act on September 6, 1994, and Lee was convicted in the first trial. (Seoul Criminal District Court sentenced 94Godan6459) However, the Seoul District Court Criminal Appeal Division 1, the appellate court, acquitted the Defendant Lee Chang-bok of the above charges on April 6, 1995. In order to guarantee the basic free democratic order that the National Security Act seeks to protect, the court also requires tolerance for these expressions that embarrass us, and this tolerance can be said to be the price we should pay to enjoy the basic free democratic order. By guaranteeing freedom of thought and expression in this way and allowing free competition of ideas, we can promote the development of a healthy society." That's what he said. (Seoul District Court's 1st Criminal Affairs Department 95 Nos. 8 ▶ 14 organizational cases (95) 2.14 Busan National University Independent Daeo Case 13 arrested 5.30 arrested 3 arrested 3 arrested 3 arrested Wonkwang University National Love Association Case 6.9 arrested 12 independent cases in South Korea. Kim was arrested. As a researcher at the Institute of History, he posted a study result titled "What happened to the Partisan Activity" in a data book called "Partisan History Trip," which praised and encouraged anti-government organizations. ▶ Buyeo spy Kim Dong-sik (Bulgoji crime case) On October 24, when the whole country was infested with the secret fund case of Roh Tae-woo, a spy Kim Dong-sik was caught trying to contact a fixed spy in Buyeo. In this regard, Lee In-young, Woo Sang-ho, and Ham Un-kyung were arrested on charges of non-prosecution under the National Security Act on the grounds that they did not report to the authorities even after meeting so-called Buyeo spy Kim Dong-sik. Since then, an arrest warrant has been issued for Heo In-hoe on the same charges since the three were released through an arrest suit on November 10, Huh raised suspicions that the case might have occurred in consideration of the following year's general election. Meanwhile, the Seoul District Court (9th Exclusive, Judge Yoo Won-seok), which examined the case against Heo, acquitted Heo on November 8, 1996.

a field called bibliography

 Some of you may be unfamiliar with the term bibliography. Personally, I think that bibliography is a very important adjacent study that is the basis for literature history. I think it is essential to know in order to become a producer of research results, not a consumer of research results. It is said that bibliography is a study and description of research and analysis criticism targeting the text expressed by means, the content of intellectual dissipation expressed by the text, and the physical form containing it. In other words, it is a study that studies books as material objects. There are three main areas of bibliography. 1. Original document paper 2. Form Seoji 3. System Seoji 1, The original document paper deals with restoring the right appearance when the book first came out, such as correcting typos in old books and proving why there is a difference in authority. If you look at the History of the Three Kingdoms in Hangilsapan, there is something that everyone does. Before translating an old book, what you must go through is communion, to put it simply, correction of typos.    2. Form Seoji is mainly based on historical evidence of the time of publication of old books. If you go further, you will deal with more, but you will prove the period of intervention through the form of editions and binding methods. This is because the simplicity of old books is sometimes unbelievable, and there are many cases where there is no simplification. 3. System Seoji is a field that deals with the classification and listing of old books, research on the list of old books itself, preparation of cancellation, etc. Most of the translations that come out now go into translation after this bibliographic process is preceded. The results of this bibliographic process (not random sampling) are also the results of the Chinese West, where most people study Chinese history, so read Hae-eun Cheon Hye-bong, Korean bibliography, and Minumsa 2002 who are interested in bibliography. Although it is called Korean bibliography, it deals with the general public of bibliography, and is actually the most authoritative bibliography book in Korean so far. In addition, there are several bibliography openings, but they seem to be less than this book. Furthermore, 1. The field of bibliography is quite promising, first of all, it is related to the part of old book emotion, and I will give you a penny or two to evaluate books that may be hundreds or thousands of won? Old books are as popular as art.   Furthermore, there will be no one who does not know Seongmun General English. It is said that the author of this Seongmun General English was one of the best ancient book collectors in Korea. He exhibited things he donated to the state when he died, but it is said that there have never been so many national treasure-level exhibition companies in Korea.

The 3rd episode of the Nazi Party's new rush - "Legal? You like lawfulness!! "(2)

 It is often said that the charge was under the full control of Hitler as a subviolent group of the Nazi Party, but in fact, the charge was a group with considerable autonomy from the start. Hitler's friend and superior, Ernström, was the leader of the squad, and the hard-headed people who served in the German Empire in the past made up the majority of executives, and the biggest problem was that they were extremely ignorant except for clubs and bullets flying around during the revolution. Sure enough, due to the massive increase in members of the Nazi Party's September 1930 general election victory, these seeds became spoiled and offered Hitler a Berlin march again, but Hitler ignored their demands with a legal strategy. Hitler's legal strategy is to take power through party politics and elections within the parliamentary state, which was also a lesson from the painful failure of the coup in November. But... Hitler regarded the legal strategy only as a one-step retreat for the second conservative. Hitler made it clear that the legal strategy was only a tool to crush the parliamentary party and parliamentary politics, and he had never had any respect for the law. He didn't even try to hide the fact, but rather even talked about it openly. "In principle, we are not political parties pursuing political party politics. It contradicts our overall perspective. We are just a political party that forcibly pursues mortgage politics. It's the Constitution that forces us... It's just that we got a new weapon for our fight from the victory we've just won." Then why did Hitler have no choice but to stick to such a legalization strategy and take several oaths to abide by the law against the government? For Hitler, the reason for the legalization strategy was entirely due to the defense forces. There is a record that he himself had no choice but to give up the concept of a violent revolution because of the defense forces, and he thought that the position of a defense force with weapons in the chaos of the violent revolution would be an absolute thing that could never be knocked down. Furthermore, the distance between the military and Rudendorf during the coup was what caused Hitler to be more cautious about his actions. Hitler gave a speech about him in March 29 with gestures of overall reconciliation and approach to the military. It was a speech that criticized soldiers' non-intervention in politics, meant that the soldiers' honor and role of officers when the left won would be nothing more than "rebellion butcher," and ended with respect for the greatness of the German people and the honor of the soldiers. The improvement in relations with the military, which began with this speech, worked, and Hitler appeared as a witness in a trial. Three officers were charged with violating the Ministry of National Defense's "no political intervention" principle and joining the Nazi Party and promoting the Nazi Party to their colleagues. He appeared here on September 25, 30 with a firm commitment to inform the military and citizens of his position, stating that he did not try to overthrow the state, had no intention of confronting the military, and only had the thought of fulfilling his sacred duty to make the German people great again and save the threat of national loss by internationalization. When asked about the legitimacy of the ensuing struggle, he declared that "the National Socialist Party does not need violence," saying that their illegal actions are only against the Treaty of Versailles and may appear to be "illegal" by criticizing the Treaty of Versailles. Of course, first of all, this disguised the concept of revolution for the democratic government of Germany as that of foreign countries. Hitler's testimony soon seemed to acknowledge respect and obedience to the military and the Constitution, which succeeded in reassuring the "legal opponents" a little and gaining favor with the military. They now thought that "Good Adolf" would not overturn the country, but... The declaration of legalization is a matter of the upper class of the party, and the charge was still fighting the Communist Party. Even when protests against the party leaders came in, the Nazi Party only repeated "the arbitrary actions of individual local units," which seemed far from the declaration of legalization. As a way to penetrate the completely disguised nature of the declaration of legalization, it has been confirmed that Nazi propaganda minister Josef Goebbels told Lieutenant Sheringer this. "I think this oath (declaration of legalization) is a genius organization, and then (after the declaration of legalization) what will brothers (opposition parties) do against us? They've been waiting for the chance to attack. Now we're strictly legal! ....You like the law."

Goguryeo, the greatest power in Northeast Asia.

 What kind of country was Goguryeo? 1. A giant kingdom of 6,000 miles east-west. According to Suseo, one of the 25 history of China, Goguryeo's territory was recorded as "6 thousand ri from east to west." Six thousand ri east and west This means that the territory from east to west of Goguryeo is six thousand ri. As can be seen from the word 6,000-ri, Goguryeo was a huge kingdom that owned more territory than we thought. Considering the capital of Goguryeo, Pyongyang Castle (or based on domestic castle), it can be assumed that Goguryeo's territory reached south of the Great Wall to the east (Yoha, the lifeline of Goguryeo, is not the current Liaohe River, but the western boundary of Goguryeo can be seen as south of Taewon). In addition, according to Suseo and Goguryeojeon, it is surprising that it has been a long time since Goguryeo people secured large land from Balhae to Galseoksan Mountain in Yoseo region before the Goguryeo invasion. As such, Goguryeo was a giant kingdom that occupied more territory than we imagined. **The Sogu of Goguryeo was confused, so they were not polite, gathered groups in Balhae and Galseok Sushi, and encroached on the land of fluctuations and Yemaek. As the Han Dynasty and the Wei Dynasty repeated the conquest, the nest was disturbed for a while, and then the race huddled together and flourished like the beginning of a stream. "(Joongchak)-Yangje's record- *2. The image of Goguryeo, a rich economic power, comes to mind when it comes to the geographical location. Therefore, people think Goguryeo is a poor country with insufficient food. However, Goguryeo was not a poor country, but a rich economic power. Of course, at the time of the founding of Goguryeo, the surrounding area was a mountainous area, so they had to loot and feed on the surrounding villages and countries. However, after the constant expansion of Goguryeo and the foreign conquest of King Gwanggaeto Ho-tae, Goguryeo was no longer a poor country to loot and feed on the surroundings. After King Gwanggaetohotae's foreign conquest, Goguryeo became a rich country to the extent that it no longer suffered hunger by securing the plains of Liaodong, Yoseo, Pyeongan-do, Hwanghae-do, Hangang River, and Songhwagang River and Usuri River. Queen Hote recorded this situation as follows. Unlike the Joseon Dynasty, where the country was rich, the people were comfortable, and the five grains were ripe abundantly, Goguryeo greatly encouraged commerce. According to the History of the Three Kingdoms, there is a record that King Micheon of Goguryeo played a salt merchant when he was chased by King Bongsang. Salt is a country's resale and is prohibited from doing business by individuals and controlled by the state. However, in Goguryeo, salt sales were relatively free compared to other countries. Of course, the owners of salt farms that produce salt would have been aristocrats and countries, but the people who sell the salt would have been ordinary commoners such as Eulbul and Jaemo. The fact that individuals were able to sell salt shows that Goguryeo encouraged commerce. In addition, Goguryeo was interested in trade, such as installing bookcases in the border region with Han Dynasty at Gukcho to exchange supplies. In Goguryeo, where commerce was developed, there was a market. The existence of the market appears when you look at "Three Kingdoms History" and "Ondaljeon." From here, Ondal buys national horses sold in the country, and in Goguryeo, it can be seen that commerce was so popular that the state sold goods to the market. In Yuseong in the Daerungha basin, there was Goryeo Market, a large-scale international market. This is an international market where nomadic peoples, agricultural peoples, and hunter-gatherers from the north gather and trade on a large scale. However, according to the Suseo Yu Ungijeon, it is recorded that when the Sui Dynasty conquered Khitan, 20,000 soldiers disguised them as merchants going to the Goryeo market to reassure the rebellion and attack the rebellion to win. You can guess what the size of the Goryeo market was like so much that 20,000 disguised merchants were mistaken for trade groups by the Khitan people. Goguryeo, which recommended commerce, knew the importance of carts early and recommended transportation through carts. Carts are useful for moving loads in large quantities, which is a catalyst for the development of all social fields such as commercial development, urban development, and construction of huge buildings. The cart is the crystal of the scientific knowledge of the old people developed by today's cars and trains, and is also the same as the standard that characterizes civilization. Earlier, Park Ji-won mentioned the importance of carts in the History of the Year. If there is a means of transportation called carts, transportation develops, and supplies between regions also promote national wealth. Goguryeo encouraged carts, so it was possible to secure a nationwide distribution network, which helped strengthen its national power. With this commercial policy, Goguryeo was able to engage in tremendous trade with the Northern Wei, which is 200 geun of gold and 400 geun of white every year. 3. Not only did he like books, but he also installed large structures on all four streets, and he enjoyed archery while reading here day and night before his marriage. There were Ogyeong, Sagi, Hanseo, Bumyeop's Huhanseo, Samgukji, Jinchunchu, Okpyeon, Jatong, and Jarim. According to the records above "Gudangseo" and "Goguryojeon," Goguryeo people at that time were very academic that even ordinary people liked books. This shows that Goguryeo's education level was higher than that of any other country. When King Taejong sent a envoy to Goguryeo, he told Ju Ju Ju-sa, who was selected as a envoy, that the Goguryeo people had a very high academic level and valued their studies, and that the Goguryeo people's academic level was equal to that of Tang Dynasty people. This means that King Taejong recognized Goguryeo as a cultural powerhouse. In addition, many Han Chinese moved to Goguryeo to avoid the chaos of the Five Kingdoms Period, but many naturalized Han Chinese moved back to the midfield when the continent of Jungwon stabilized during the North-South Dynasties Period. However, as soon as they moved to the Middle East, they received high government posts. This shows that along with the breath of Goguryeo, they learned learning properly in Goguryeo and showed their advanced academic level without regret. In other words, it can be said that Goguryeo's academic level reached a considerable level at the time. High enthusiasm for learning... This can be said to be the driving force behind Goguryeo's maintenance of a powerful empire. Goguryeo's construction technique also had considerable skills. Unlike Chinese castles, Goguryeo castles were built using natural environments, and Chinese castles used bricks, while Goguryeo castles were built with stones, so they were able to defend firmly against enemy invasions. In addition, Goguryeo was built in a terraced manner when the castle was built to strengthen the castle. Goguryeo Castle is a defense facility, and representative facilities such as Chi and Ongseong were also installed. Among the walls surrounding the castle, Chi was advantageous when attacking enemies from all sides. Ongseong Fortress is a defense facility built by rolling the castle gate in a circle, and is a useful defense facility for trapping and annihilating enemy troops. Thanks to this construction technique, the Han Chinese evaluated Goguryeo as building a good castle and keeping it well. It can be said that the Sui and Tang kingdoms invaded Goguryeo earlier and failed to win because of the unique castle structure of Goguryeo. The murals of Goguryeo's ancient tombs show that Goguryeo is a civilized country with an outstanding cultural level. Usually, ancient murals are usually dewy due to the temperature difference from the outside of summer, and the walls are shiny and paint flows, so you cannot see their original appearance properly. In addition, lime painted on the wall often falls off and the painting itself disappears. However, many Goguryeo tomb murals, including the Tomb of Ohhoebun No. 4, maintain their original colors perfectly. This is impossible without scientific knowledge. Goguryeo tomb murals were painted using a fresco technique, and thanks to these techniques, Goguryeo tomb murals could remain to this day without losing their original color. This shows that Goguryeo people's mural processing technology possessed the world's best technology of the time. The mural, which is considered the most outstanding of Goguryeo's ancient murals, is definitely a Sashindo mural. The envoy is the guardian deity of the four directions of east, west, north, south, and west of Cheongryong in the east, and is a basalt in the north of Jujak in the south. The Sashindo Ancient Tombs are well-known for their excellent vitality and colorful colors, and their artistic value is very high. It's not just that. Goguryeo was a science powerhouse with excellent astronomical observation techniques. The Cheonsang Train Field Map depicting the sky of the Goguryeo period is said to be an astronomical map depicting the sky of a domestic castle around the 1st century AD. It is a record indicating that Goguryeo people possessed astronomical observation techniques that were so outstanding that they doubted whether such astronomical observation was possible at that time. It is said that there was an observatory in Goguryeo in "Pyongyangbu" in "Geography of the Annals of King Sejong." In addition, astronomical management related to heavenly observation existed as the date. The development of astronomy enabled Goguryeo people to sail offshore, travel long distances on grasslands or continents, greatly contributed to the development of agriculture and fishing, and also contributed to enriching the spiritual world of Goguryeo. Goguryeo's astronomy spread to Baekje, Silla, and Japan, and had a great influence on later generations. As such, Goguryeo was a great empire with an outstanding civilization that surpassed China.

Therefore, Dr. Kim Yong-man, a researcher in Goguryeo history, once described Goguryeo as a civilized nation. 4. Another Chinese and Heavenly Kingdom Goguryeo with its own view of the world! Goguryeo was almost the only country in our history with its own view of the world. (According to Handango, which is not recognized as an official librarian by the domestic Gangdan history community, Cheonja and Cheonson are Korean people, and Gina stole the concept of Cheonja.) Goguryeo's great conqueror Gwanggaeto Ho Taewang  It means that Goguryeo's affiliation is not a local government of the Jungwon Dynasty, but Chinese historians who are currently distorting Korea's ancient history by promoting Northeast Gongjeong ignore even basic common sense. If you look at the old records of Handango, it is written that Goguryeo used the name from Gukcho. When you look at the Queen Ho Tae, the son of King Gwanggaeto Ho-tae, who was founded after the death of King Jang Su-tae, the Yeonho of King Memorial, the Goguryeo people call themselves "Cheon-son," which means descendants of heaven, and is like the Chinese heavenly son. In addition, the founder, King Seong, is expressed as Cheonjeja and Ilwolja, literally referring to Cheonja, the son of God. The Goguryeo people believed that King Tae, the monarch of Goguryeo, ruled the world under the command of heaven. In addition, there is a part that the power of King Gwanggaetohotae was in the Dead Sea, where the Dead Sea can only be used by the Chinese Heaven, and Goguryeo's use of the expression Dead Sea means that Goguryeo is heaven. If you look at the name of Moduru Myoji, it can be said that Goguryeo shows Goguryeo's view of the world well by describing it as "the holiest place everywhere in the world. Looking at the Jungwon Goguryeo Monument, Goguryeo describes Silla as Dongi, which gives a glimpse of Goguryeo's central view of the world, which sees neighboring countries as orangkae centered on Goguryeo. According to the Joseon Sangosa written by Danjae Shin Chae-ho, it was recorded that Goguryeo is called Gauri in pure Korean, and Gauri means Jungang, Junggyeong, and China. Goguryeo's view of the world differs from that of China's view of the world, while China showed a narrow and closed appearance that only recognized its view of the world, Goguryeo had the idea of coexisting with that of other regions along with its own view of the world. Goguryeo viewed the entire East Asia, consisting of the first worldview, which is directly controlled by Goguryeo, the second worldview, including Goguryeo's subordinates, and several parallel worlds, as the third worldview. In other words, Goguryeo shows a pluralistic appearance that recognizes the view of the world in other regions while establishing their own view of the world. Therefore, Goguryeo, which has openness, not a closed Chinese view of the world, can be said to be a heavenly nation with a true view of the world. 5. Goguryeo, the largest military power in ancient East Asia. Goguryeo was not only the largest territory in our history, but also a military power with powerful military power. Goguryeo was a heavenly kingdom that dominated East Asia based on its strong military power. Goguryeo's founding place is today in Nammanju, where there were basically many mountains and insufficient plains. Therefore, Goguryeo looted the surrounding area early to supply food. This can be seen as similar to the flow rate of the ancient nomadic peoples. Goguryeo showed off its strong national power from the beginning of the country, and Han Dynasty, a neighboring country, was in a hurry to please Goguryeo by allowing trade in Bookguru. King Daemushin, the third king of Goguryeo, conquered Nakrangguk, the empire of Dangun Joseon, and Buyeo, a powerhouse that dominated the northern Manchuria area at the time, and attacked King Movon, the fifth king of Northeast Asia. According to the History of the Three Kingdoms, "In the spring of the second year of reign, the king mobilized the great army to attack Han's Bukpyeong, Eoyang, Sanggok, and Taewon. It is recorded that Liaodong Taesoo Chae-dong treated them with silver and good faith, so they became friends again." According to this record, it shows that Goguryeo was strong enough to attack Han at the time. However, these areas were very far from the Dongga River basin, the center of Goguryeo, and Goguryeo was able to raid and occupy this area, indicating that Goguryeo had a powerful equestrian corps (Gamamu Private) at that time. According to the History of the Three Kingdoms, it is recorded that during the 8th King, King Sindae, "Huhan led the great army and invaded, but Myeongnim Dapbu defeated Han's army in the left, so no one could survive." This record can be said to be a record that can gauge Goguryeo's national power at the time. The official name of King Gwanggaeto Hotae, who achieved the heyday of Goguryeo, is King Gwanggaeto Gyeongan Hotae, meaning "the great king who greatly expanded the territory of the country buried on the Gukgang River and made the people peaceful." Like King Gwanggaeto Ho-tae pioneered territory in all directions and occupied Siberia in the north, East Mongolia in the northwest, Maritime Province in the east, Hangang River in the south, and Yoseo and Yellow River basins in the west. His son, King Jangsu-tae, made Goguryeo stronger. King Jangsu-tae took advantage of the international situation at the time to develop Goguryeo's national power. Around the 5th century AD, Goguryeo's strong period, Jungwon was divided into the northern latitude in the north and the southern latitude in the south, and there is a record indicating that the northern latitude, which boasted a powerful national power, was stuck in Goguryeo. ① Goguryeo gave the genealogy of the northern royal family, and at the request of Goguryeo, the northern royal family gave the genealogy of the northern royal family to Goguryeo. In general, the genealogy of a country's royal family is the country's historical book, and the country that can dedicate the country's historical book is an act that only the country's upper country can do. During the Warring States Period, the reason why the Ju royal family was able to receive genealogy from various empires was because the country's upper kingdom, that is, the Zhou Dynasty, was the Heavenly Emperor of the Middle East. However, Goguryeo's demand to dedicate the genealogy of the northern royal family and the Northern Wei's offering of the royal genealogy suggest that Goguryeo's national power was stronger than that of the northern Wei at that time. ②When King Jangsu-tae died, Gojo of the Northern Wei wore a so-called white hat and four-seam and went to the eastern suburbs to express his condolences, and King Sejong of the Northern Wei built a shrine called Goryeomyo, where Goguryeo's founder was held in 508. When King Muyeol of Silla died, King Gojong of the Tang Dynasty held mourning, but even built a shrine and the king did not practice it himself. No country in the middle of the country wore mourning clothes because the king of another country died, and there was no case where the king directly organized the mourning ceremony and built a shrine where the founder of another country performed ancestral rites. Likewise, Goguryeo has never worn mourning clothes directly even if any king in the midfield died. How should we accept the fact that the Northern Wei, which was powerful in the North-North Dynasties period, provided Goguryeo with examples of a new kingdom? We didn't know the glorious fact. Through these fragmentary records, we can take a step closer to the true face of Goguryeo. Do you happen to know? If this record is true, Goguryeo is a tremendously powerful great empire and a kingdom of heaven that used the Jungwon Dynasty as a subordinate country......6. Goguryeo, the center of the world. It is the victory of Suyeo Daejeon and Dangyeo Daejeon that prove that Goguryeo, the Suyeo Daejeon and Dangyeo Daejeon, are the powers that will shine in the history of world war. The Su Dynasty, which unified the midfield, invaded Goguryeo with an unprecedented great army in history, but was rather defeated by Goguryeo's war of war, and the Tang Dynasty also invaded Goguryeo, but had to taste the bitterness of defeat several times. In particular, Su's expedition to Goguryeo caused the collapse of its own country, so in a way, it can be said that Goguryeo destroyed the Su Dynasty. The invasion of Goguryeo by the Su Dynasty was a phenomenal event. This is because as many as 4 million people were mobilized to hit the country called Goguryeo. With 4 million people, this number was about a tenth of the total population of the Jungwon at the time, indicating that the Su Dynasty at that time devoted all its efforts to attacking Goguryeo. However, the first battle of Suyeo Daejeon began with Goguryeo's invasion of Yoseo. The Suhwang issue, which unified the midfield, sent an arrogant national document saying that the Su Dynasty was incomparable to Goguryeo, so it should surrender quickly, and King Yeongyangtae, then king of Goguryeo, accepted General Kang Yi-sik's command and attacked 60,000 troops. We knew Goguryeo as a passive country that had always defended itself. However, this is due to wrong history education. In fact, Goguryeo was not a passive country only defending, but rather an active country with the ability to attack the enemy.(This can be seen from King Mobon's invasion of the Han Dynasty.) With 1.13 million soldiers, Emperor Yangje, who invaded Goguryeo, surrounded Yodongseong Fortress, a key point of Goguryeo. However, when Goguryeo's defense was excellent like an iron wall and could not be captured, Umunsul and Ujungmun were called in to give 300,000 stars to attack Pyongyang, the capital city of Goguryeo. In the Battle of Salsu, where Goguryeo defeated 300,000 troops from the Su Dynasty, there is one fact that we overlook. In fact, the brilliant victory of the Battle of Salsu was possible because there was a victory over the Paegang River (the Daedong River in academia, but considering various books, the Paegang River was not the Daedong River, but the Liaohe River tributary). What is the Battle of the Fallen River?

This battle is a battle in which Nae Ho-a, the naval governor of the Sui Dynasty, was defeated by Goguryeo naval forces led by Wang Je Geon-mu in the Paegang River. Due to this battle, the naval forces of the Su Dynasty fell into a state of inability to comeback and could not provide food to Byeoldongdae (300,000 troops) of the Su Dynasty led by Wu Mun-sul, which caused Byeoldongdae of the Su Dynasty to suffer from hunger. General Eulji Mundeok, who saw through the situation of the Su Dynasty's troops, engaged in seven battles and lured the Su Dynasty soldiers to the vicinity of Pyongyang Castle and attacked them at Salsu, and about 2,700 of the 300,000 troops died alive. This is the Battle of Salsu, which shines in Goguryeo's war history. We understand that General Eulji Mundeok's transmission of the Battle of Salsu is the one. Of course, the major of General Eulji Mundeok is so great that the Salsudaecheop would not have been achieved without General Eulji Mundeok. However, it is wrong to see the protagonist of the Salsudaecheop as a general Eulji Mundeok. In the Battle of Salsu, there was another hidden protagonist, which was the king Geonmu. Due to the defeat of Geonmu, a brilliant warrior called the Battle of Salsu was able to emerge. Danjae Shin Chae-ho commented on the victory of the Battle of Salsu as follows. "Goguryo already took the position to win at this time (the battle of defeat by Gunmu) that destroyed Naehoa's naval forces), so if it were to take the turn of the major, it would be said that the king Geonmu was ahead of Eulji Mundeok. Although King Geonmu's contribution has been so great, what kind of connection does it mean that people who read history often only know Eulji Mundeok? According to the Tonggamgoi of Samaongong, it is usually right that there would have been no defeat in the sprinkling of Umunsul if Hoa had not lost his aquaculture boat." As Danjae pointed out, the sprinkling battle is not the only major of General Eulji Mundeok. That doesn't mean that Geonmu's ball is all the more. The majors of the Salsudaecheop can be said to be the majors of General Eulji Mundeok, General Geonmu, and all Goguryeo people who wanted to protect the country. Without the Goguryeo people's love for the country, if Gunsin Gwan-min had not united, without General Eulji Mun-deok and General Geonmu, Goguryeo's brilliant victory would not have been achieved. The Su Dynasty was defeated in the repeated war against Goguryeo, and the morale of the people was reduced due to excessive Goguryeo expeditions, and to make matters worse, the Su Dynasty collapsed more than 30 years after its foundation and the warring era in Jungwon. If Goguryeo had not missed this opportunity, it would have been able to enter Jangan and become the loser of the midfield. Personally, it is regrettable that Goguryeo missed this opportunity. It was Gojo Lee Yeon, who founded the Tang Dynasty, who unified the midfield in the chaos of the Joseon Sangosa Temple by Shin Chae-ho Co., Ltd., who unified the confused midfield with the performance of his son Lee Se-min and opened the Tang Dynasty. At this time, King Goguryeo was crowned King Yeongryutae after King Yeongyangtae, the main character of the Battle of Paegangseungjeon. Unlike the spirit of defeating the Su Dynasty in the past, King Yeongryutae pursued a safe route against the Tang Dynasty. He tried to avoid conflicts with the Tang Dynasty as much as possible, paying attention to the restoration of the Liaodong region devastated by the war. The Tang Dynasty also did not pay attention to Goguryeo because it was in the early days of its founding, but they were aiming for Goguryeo, just like in the Sui Dynasty. King Yeongryutae, who does not know what the Tang Dynasty is thinking, conducted humiliating diplomacy as the Tang Dynasty wanted, drawing complaints from the warriors, and further gave up the policy of Namsubukjin, Goguryeo's traditional policy, and advanced to the north, protecting the north. It has been changed to a policy. King Yeongryutae's policy caused complaints from the non-class, and in particular, the opposition of Yeon Gaesomun (which comes out as the western great according to the records) was great. King Yeongryutae allowed Jin Daedeok, a spy dispatched from the party, to travel to the mountain stream of Goguryeo when he asked for permission to travel around the mountain stream of Goguryeo, which was tantamount to causing Jin Daedeok. In addition, at the request of the party, the landscape, a memorial tower for transmission, which was built after winning the war against the Sui Dynasty, was demolished. It was the act of trampling the pride of Goguryeo people that destroyed the landscape. King Yeongryutae lost trust in the people due to the police incident, and King Yeongryutae, who was afraid of criticism from the hard-line faction, appointed Yeon Gaesomun, the leader of the hard-line faction, as the head of the construction of Cheonrijangseong Fortress, but King Onryutae and King Yeonggeon. Yeon Gaesomun, who took power, turned the policy from the Daedanghwa Chinchaek to the Daedang Ganggyeongchaek, and Goguryeo and the party were engulfed in an atmosphere of war. In July 644, Taejong Lee Se-min, who abolished his father and killed his older brother and younger brother to ascend to the throne, carried out an expedition to Goguryeo despite opposition from many officials. In the name of the war, Lee Se-min said, "How can we tolerate Goguryeo Gaemun because he is killing the king and abusing the people?"Using Iranian Confucian logic as the justification, he revealed the cause of the invasion he caused. In 645, Danggun, led by King Taejong, invaded the Liaodong region of Goguryeo one after another. Several castles, including Yodongseong Fortress, Gaemoseong Fortress, and Baekamseong Fortress, have already been captured by Danggun, and Danggun has gathered in Ansiseong Fortress, a key point of Goguryeo and a mountainous area of iron. In order to save Ansi-seong, Yeon Gaesomun dispatched 150,000 troops led by Boulevard Go Jeong-ui, Northern Yoksal Go Yeon-su, and Southern Yoksal Go Hye-jin to Ansi-seong. Ko Yeon-soo and Ko Hye-jin attacked the party forces without listening to Jeong Eui-ui, fell into a trap and lost 3,6800 Goguryeo soldiers, and they became prisoners of the party. Fortunately, many Goguryeo troops, led by Go Jeong-ui, were almost wiped out by the Wadang. In general, it is understood that Goguryeo troops were defeated in the rest of the region except Ansi Province due to the invasion of the party, which is different from the fact. Of course, Goguryeo faced a crisis of falling major castles such as Liaodongseong Fortress, but Goguryeo was still dominant. In the victory of Geonanseong Fortress, the party was tired from guerrilla operations by Goguryeo troops everywhere. According to the eight-year history of the Three Kingdoms, he said, "The army combined with Goguryeo and Malgal reached 40 ri in the Battle of Jupilsan Mountain, and Lee Se-min was afraid that the army could hardly shake off and spy Lee Se-min was greatly surrounded." Although he said he escaped by himself, the danger is the same as mine, but he did not mention it in Shin and Gudangseo and Samagwang's Autonomous Tonggam, so it is recorded that this is to hide something shameful for his country. It can be seen that the Tang army was greatly damaged by the Goguryeo army in the Battle of Jupilsan Mountain. Panicked Taejong tried to attack Ansi Castle to overcome this situation, but let alone fall the castle due to persistent resistance from Ansi Seongju Yang Man-chun, he lost one eye due to Yang Man-chun's attack. Soon, winter came, and the Tang army, tired of Goguryeo's guerrilla war, began to retreat. However, it was not a Goguryeo army that would send the Tang soldiers safely. King Taejong, whose retreat to the Tang Dynasty was blocked by a group of Goguryeo forces that blocked the retreat, took the retreat as a fortress with swampy areas. The retreat to the Yotaek region, where mudflakes spread out everywhere, was too harsh for the Tang army. It was a hard march for Taejong himself to put logs on his horse's saddle and carry them himself. Nevertheless, the pursuit of Goguryeo troops was not delayed. Meanwhile, Goguryeo troops, led by Yeon Gaesomun, crossed the Great Wall and approached Sanhaegwan. The Joseon Commercial History records the situation at this time as follows.

"Yeon Gaesomun left the fluctuating fight to two people, Yang Man-chun and Jeong Sang-guk, and went out to Jeokbongjin to 30,000 Jeongbyeong, and went south again to announce Sanggok, the prince of the party, and stayed in Eoyang." King Taejong soon tried to return the military after learning that a rebellion had occurred in Imyugwan. Ogolseongju Estimation Bureau and Ansijeongju Yang Man-chun guessed that Yeongaemun Gate had already reached its destination and that King Taejong would escape in the future, so the estimated bureau rushed to the narrow valley southeast of Ansiseong Fortress and rushed to attack the party's military. Dang's soldiers trampled on each other and ran away." (중략) "It was not seen in the records that Yeongaesomun Gate broke through, but today, 7 Ridge's Hwangnyangdae, including Beijing Joyangmun Gate, was named Hwangnyangdae, which was built by King Taejong. As it is said to be one place, it is a relic of Yeon Gaesomun chasing Taejong to Beijing, and there is a place name for the two characters of Goryeo in Shandong and Jikye, and legend says that this is the highland occupied by Yeon Gaesomun, and the lowest one is Goryeojin and Haganhyeon in Heo 60ri, Bukbuk-ri." According to Handango, which has yet to be recognized as an official librarian in academia, it has been defeated since Tang soldiers invaded Goguryeo, and Go Yeon-su, who was obsessed with King Taejong of the Tang Dynasty recorded in Chinese librarians and Samguksagi, rather cheered Ansiseong from the east. What's surprising is that Goguryeo troops chased King Taejong, who was tired of chasing and his life was at stake, and Lee Se-min asked Yeon Gaesomun to surrender, and Yeon Gaesomun entered the party's capital Janganseong Fortress. Although Handang meat is currently causing pros and cons from the public, academia will ignore the dubious fact of King Taejong's invasion of Goguryeo (the loss of troops by King Taejong of Tang Dynasty, the party won all battles except for the Battle of Anshiseong). The fact that Suyeo Daejeon and Dangyeo Daejeon returned to Goguryeo's victory is of great significance not only for Goguryeo and Tang Dynasty, but also for the situation in East Asia at that time. With the defeat of the party, the party's plan to directly territorialize the Korean Peninsula was committed, which means that the plan to unite East Asia into a single culture was thwarted. The party tried to directly dominate the area by integrating the fallen Goguryeo Castle into the administrative district of the party, and also tried to carry out their view of the world by reorganizing all countries in East Asia into vertical tribute relations. However, the party's intention was frustrated by its defeat to Goguryeo. Tang Tae-jong, who tried to crush the world of another country to carry out their own world, was eventually completely defeated by another Chinese Goguryeo with another worldview. Rather, he died due to the aftereffects of the Goguryeo War. The victory of Suyeo Daejeon and Dangyeo Daejeon further strengthened Goguryeo's view of the world. The victory of Suyeo Daejeon and Dangyeo Daejeon proved with their skills that Goguryeo was the loser of the East with its own worldview as before. The victory of Suyeo Daejeon and Dangyeo Daejeon is not just Goguryeo's, but the victory of the entire Korean people. According to ☞ Handango, it is recorded that King Yeongryutae killed King Yeongryutae instead of Yeon Gaesomun killing King Yeongryutae. ☞ In fact, the justification for Taejong's invasion of Goguryeo is only an absurd theory. Tang Tae-jong is one of the most sinners in the world who killed his brother and younger brother to ascend to the throne, forcibly deposed his father, and insulted his younger brother's wife. How can he put forward Confucian logic to Yeon Gaesomun, who killed the king for his country? In order for the ☞ Tang Dynasty to defeat the 150,000 troops of Go Yeonsu, it is necessary to mobilize more soldiers than this, but only 30,000 troops were mobilized by the party. Also, on June 23rd, when Ko Yeon-soo surrendered, what did the Wanggunak unit, who died while taking the lead against Goguryeo forces, say? If Ko Yeon-soo's 150,000 troops surrendered, Wanggunak's troops do not have to fight Goguryeo's This suggests that the actual main force of the 150,000 troops of Ansi Province's support forces is the army led by Go Yeon-soo, not the unit led by Ko Yeon-soo. In other words, it can be said that the defeat of Wanggunak's army and the rescue of 30,000 Goguryeo troops led by Ko Yeon-soo were Goguryeo troops led by Jeong Jeong-ui.

"Gummojam" war...First

 I picked up the knife and cut the waist of the Danggun standing in front of my eyes. It is divided into a double-danggap (doggap, which was popular during the North and South Dynasties, a chestgap, which protects the front part of the body, and a tummygap, which protects the back. Did Danggun, who continued to move iron and covered his body with relatively free and excellent defense power), barely over 20 years old when he pretended to lift the knife above his head and suddenly turned the knife to the side and hit the empty side between the chest and abdomen? The acne marks on his sunken face and the skin, which still has a milky tone, told me that there were still more days left to live than the day he lived, but I didn't feel sorry for him or intend to show him warmth. From the open mouth, the energy of life was buried with dark red blood. At first, even in the eyes that swelled in surprise, black energy gradually ate his eyes like dark clouds covering the sky just before the rain. For a moment... After a brief atonement to the Buddha for the death of an unknown party in front of him, I lifted the knife again and lowered it. An unknown strange scream and crying came out of his mouth as he looked at the blade that went up, but I lowered the knife without hesitation. "Flop..." Like the sound of something breaking and scattering when a jar thrown on the floor broke, my knife tore his neck long. Along the path drawn by the blade that dug inside, his life escaped with red blood. Looking down at his incredibly pricked neck, he blinked and fell in front of my feet. The last recognition I gave him was to kick his knife, which was in front of the place where his face would fall, so that he could fall comfortably. Looking down at him, I fell in love with my upcoming last thoughts.I will die like this friend...I didn't intend to surrender alive at all.When Goguryeo collapsed and her loved one disappeared from the world, I also died. Until now, it was not to live, eat, and fight with a knife, but to find a place to die properly, and the moment I've been waiting for years will eventually come soon. Honestly, I'm scared. There were several times when he jumped into a group of enemies tens of times more, and he was stabbed to death, but he never tasted what death was like. Even the old elderly, who saw the weather and farming in the sky and knew nothing about it, the old monks who were bright about the reason and law of the world, and even my master and the owner of Goguryeo, Yeon Gaesomun, seemed to have known nothing about death. I wanted to run away.After the fall of Pyongyang Castle, the people of Goguryeo had abandoned everything was abandoned.Some were taken to the party along with the king who surrendered, and others killed the envoy of the party who demanded surrender and guarded the castle. In the castle next to it, there were people who abandoned the castle and fled to the mountains or islands. I couldn't believe everything, I was afraid. What was really scary was that there was no one who could tell me what to do and give me orders. After my father changed into a sword and became a servant of the old Yeontaejo, Dongbudae, my fate and thoughts were all held by the old man and his son, Yeon Gaesomun. If I was told to go and fight, I fought, and if I was told to kill someone, I went and killed him. There was no need to think or reason to hesitate, but after the death of Daemakji more than a decade ago, everything has changed completely. Having never ordered anyone, I somehow became a commander with tens of thousands of troops. Before that, it was a great success to have only 1,000 horsemen.I was the one who heard that I was successful in the subject of servant, and I thought that was my limit.It was even more embarrassing and sometimes unbelievable. After the death of Daemakji, I once wanted to abandon everything and live in a mountain where there was no one with her. If only she had said yes, I would have built a shabby house in the deep forest and lived with her by now.Goguryeo? It didn't matter anyway.I did my best, and didn't the owner free me just before I died? It's not too late.Should I surrender? Of course, I rebelled against them, managed the party, and killed a monk called the bill, but if I close my eyes and behave obnoxiously a few times, I may save them like a man's life.I could easily finish it if I came in at once, but when I saw them rushing in one by one, I thought they were trying to catch me alive.Then, as he sent me an envoy and said, if I surrendered, I would give me a high government post and a lot of wealth. Now that we're done, they have to fight Silla in earnest, and then they'll need someone to die instead of them, so wouldn't it be the best place for me to use it? Half of the blood flowing through my body is over there anyway... I, who was immersed in one thought or another, stepped back without realizing it, and my back touched the mast of the ship. The pine mast, which had been standing with its skin peeled off for a long time in the salty sea breeze, was cracked and crushed, making the shoulders that had been weakly cut with a knife endlessly painful. As I came to my senses, I blinked and looked around.The death feast on several ships floating on the blue and calm sea was almost over. The Danggun, who I killed earlier, was lying on the signboard for a long time. The blood from his mouth and wound was slowly seeping into the gap between the wooden planks on the sign. I lowered my head because I felt something strange touching my right foot. My son, who was dead with his eyes wide open, was leaning against the mast like me. The arrow from the back penetrated the back of the head and slightly escaped through the front forehead. Blood drops fell off the tip of the small skin with white brainwaters and red flesh pieces, wetting the blue silk embroidered with gold thread. Woongjin! My son! Tears poured out.I didn't take good care of my son, who was born as the master of forced marriage without affection, under the pretext of being busy. I didn't care for my son or embrace him because he seemed to revive old memories that he didn't want to erase and remember while talking, but he obeyed me and followed me well as his mother did.He probably followed my words silently to pretend to be on behalf of Prince Ahn Seung, who was running away this time. Of course, he also said that he could surrender in due course, but the son replied with a smile. "I will act like the son of Gummojam, the general of Goguryeo."" I clenched my teeth to close my mouth with sadness leaking out, but as when I was hit by an arrow one day, and when I killed a childhood friend myself, hard teeth pushed up and down, and small pieces of sadness crawled out of my mouth. "Gummojam..Now surrender!" My eyes moved on their own in an unfamiliar voice to find a place where the voice came out. At the head of the boat, there were a few archers who came up to where, and a person who appeared to be a compromise position (the commander of the compromise made up of thousand people) in between. "It's all over now."Ahn Seung died, and all your crowd died and you were the only one left.Now stop putting down your sword!" Listening to the stuttering Goguryeo words on the compromise, I laughed, forgetting all my situation. What kind of face would the author have if he knew I could speak or hear in Chinese? As the dowi, who had been talking for a while, took a step forward, the archers on both sides pulled back a lot of the bow demonstrations that had been hanging arrows. Spitting out the blood ball that was hovering in my mouth on the sign, I looked around for a moment. All of my men who survived until the end were either fallen or fell on the signboard. For me, who was scattering them one by one, the sound of the wind and the old days with them came up like waves and rushed to me. "If we bleed for Goguryeo and risk our lives to protect Goguryeo, we are the real Goguryeo people." No...My fight is not over! As long as I live and breathe, neither Goguryeo nor Daepakji died!" "My dear!" Don't cry."My sadness is added to the weight of your tears". What have I done so far? What have I left in the world for more than 50 years and how do people remember me? Brave Goguryeo longevity? Traitor? It was a small sandy beach on the coast where my eyes, which were shaking by the waves, stopped. Prince Anseung and several others who ran away in a small boat seemed to have just climbed onto the shore. A ship of Danggun, who belatedly noticed, turned its head around and caught up, but the big ship was wriggling slowly, and perhaps when their ship touched the land, the prince and his party could run away. Since Gapbigocha (now Ganghwado Island) has passed earlier, if you go down a little further, you will be able to reach Silla, and Prince Anseung will survive somehow. "What are you doing?" Go ahead and throw away your sword and kneel down!" shouted again the Dowi, who did not see a small smile on my mouth. I put my hand forward with the knife and threw it at the sign. When the tip of the knife is stuck in the tree on the sign. The knife shook sideways, perhaps because of the wind rushing from the side, perhaps because there was still strength left. The blade, about half wet with blood, was as dark as the face of the dead, and the blade without blood looked as pale as the face of the person who encountered death. In my sudden action, the party military looked at each other and made a face expression, "No way," and Do-wi showed his yellow teeth and smiled. Taking a few steps forward, I slowly knelt down, leaving my archers behind, and asceticism came to me. When I had about ten steps left, I got back up.

He looked embarrassed because he didn't know what was going on with me, but when I stretched my right hand back and pulled out a small dagger, he noticed the upcoming death and tried to turn to run away from it, but this time I was a little faster. The dagger, which remained until the end of the five dagger, left my hand and flew across the world toward his face. The moment I threw the knife, I shook my head a little bit, and I sent it to my right hand with all my attention, and as I learned in the temple when I was young, the flying dagger was stuck in Dowi's neck, who tried to turn to the right. Dando, who dug in with only the handle left, sucked blood and breathing from the body of the person who had been ripped off, and Do-wi, who had lost strength to the dagger, leaned back and fell back for a moment. I laughed. Is this the end of me that I've always dreamed of and wondered about? Still, I didn't think I lost that much because I was going with the helper.I used to be a horseman, too. Grabbing the knife, which was still shaken, I smiled silently at the party soldiers who didn't know what to do, and rushed toward them with the knife overhead. After hesitating for a while, when I narrowed the distance by screaming, they eventually fired an arrow at me. I threw out the shouts with strength in my lower abdomen to face the upcoming death, but strangely, the arrows that I should have reached before I could breathe moved very slowly. At the moment when the party soldiers who shot arrows almost stopped moving, my eyes and body floated and fell, and I went up far past the dead Dowi and the party's archers, and then began to fly to where I lived so far.My body and eyes, which were looking back on my life as if a fish that had grown up in the sea were going up the river to return to the stream where he was born, reached an unfamiliar sight that I had never seen before. Numerous people and horses were tangled in the river and could not be heard, but they seemed to scream with their mouths open, and other people around them were shooting arrows at those people and horses. The river, full of blood, death, fear, and pain, was just pushing away the body of the dead and the blood that escaped them, and the people in front of him and the dead all looked blurry and shaky, but instead he could recognize that it was the place where he always cried and talked when his father was drunk.It was a place that Goguryeo people were always proud of, and where Chinese people had to shake their teeth...……I sighed a little as I looked around my body, which began to crumble and scatter little by little…Now, as my friend said, I was tired and wanted to rest. Finally, as I looked up at the sky, I was scattered in all directions and disappeared. Just before disappearing from the world, I could barely mutter. My name was Gummojam.... The sky was infinitely high and blue, and the sunlight was warm like a cotton blanket. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1. Upon entering, Goguryeo, which had lived for about 700 years, was destroyed when the gate of Pyongyang Castle was opened on September 26, 668 AD due to the betrayal of insiders. Even now, well over a thousand years later, it brought regret to countless people, and it would have been unbelievable for Goguryeo people at that time. The Goguryeo people, who had to take off their coats of Goguryeo, now had to pioneer their own destiny. Some accepted fate and bowed their heads to the new owner, and some fled far from confusion. However, as always, there were people who refused or could not accept their new fate, and Goguryeo's records of the revival movement were twisted and distorted like other records of winners. However, Goguryeo did not enjoy even the luck it was able to enjoy because Baekje's revival movement against Silla. The following data can be said to be almost all of the data indicating Goguryeo people's struggle after the fall of Goguryeo. 【 In April of the summer of the first year of Hamhyeong's reign (670), Gummojam betrayed the Tang Dynasty to revive the country, and the king's maternal son Ahn Soon wrote Seung in Silla period.> was established as a king. King Gojong of the Tang Dynasty sent a general's guard and used him as the general of Dongju-do to conquer them by making them a military commander, and Ansoon killed Gummojam and fled to Silla.】 Among the records of Goguryeo's main records of the Three Kingdoms Sagi, in June, a large-scale mother of Goguryeo Suimseong Fortress gathered refugees and reached the south of the Paegang River from Gungmoseong Fortress, killing Tang Dynasty officials and monk Bubil to Silla. When he reached Sayado Island in the West Sea, he met Ahn Seung, the son of Yeonjeongto, instead of Goguryeo, and was greeted into Hanseong and accepted as a king. Small tea ceremony was sent to Silla to grieve as follows. "It's the right thing in the world to do to create a ruined country and continue the broken generation, so I only want it from the great world. Our country's ancestors were destroyed because they lost their morality, but now we have accepted them as kings in the face of the noble Ahn Seung of our home country. Hopefully, I will be a fence to protect the great nation and do my best forever." The king made them live in Geumma Island, west of the country. In the summer of the 10th year of King Munmu's reign (670), Hamhyeong (670), the first year of King Munmu's reign in Silla, the Goryeo chief Gummojam rebelled and established Goji-King An-soon, the only son of King Bojang-ui. Accordingly, General Jwagammun Gogan was used as the general of the Dongju-do march army to conquer the military, and Ansoon killed Gummojam and fled to Silla. During the self-governing ruling party, Gojonggi, the leader and mother-in-law led the group and revolted, making Ahn Soon, the only grandson of King Bojeong, the king. He used Gogan as the general of the march in Dongju-do and Lee Geun-haeng as the general of the march in Yeonsan-do to subdue them. Sapyeong Taesangbaek Yang Bang-soo was sent to accept the rest of the fleeing groups. Ansoon killed Gyeomojam and fled to Silla.】 Other records during the Goryeo War in Sindangseo include lists of castles who resisted or emptied the castle in the Liaodong area without surrender to the party – Professor Roh Tae-don estimates that the list was made not after 668, but before September 667, the 10th year of King Gwamunmu's reign (estimated as Ogolseong Fortress) in Okgol, Goguryeo. But was the resistance of the Goguryeo people only this much? The number of supplies and personnel brought in by Su and Tang to destroy Goguryeo reached astronomical figures and the casualties were enormous. After the fall of Goguryeo, the party reorganized Goguryeo's 5th division 176 castles and 690,000 units into 100 prefectures with 42 shares of 9 Dodokbu and sought control through Andong Protection Department established in Pyongyang. However, Andong Dohobu, which was established in Pyongyang, moved to a sacred castle in today's Musun area in spring February, the second year of Uibong (677), and converted it to indirect domination with King Bojeong as King of Joseon in Liaodong-do. This can be said to be clear evidence that the party gave up direct control and rule over Goguryeo. 2. As you can see from the above records, the people who refused fate know from the origin of Ahn Seung, but there are records that he is the son of Yeon Gaesomun's younger brother, Yeon Jeong-to. Although it is a different record, consensus can be found. If Yeon Gaesomun's younger brother, Yeon Jeong-to, married the daughter of King Bojeong and gave birth to Ahn Seung, Ahn Seung could be the only son of King Bojeong and the son of Yeon Jeong-to. Just as Boksin, who led Baekje's revival movement, brought Buyeo Pung from Japan and made it a symbol of the revival movement, Geommojang would have needed someone to unite the Goguryeo people. Except for Anseung, Gummojam is the only leader of Goguryeo's Buheung-gun, who was named as the envoy of the party. Like other Goguryeo people, Anseung's remaining records are all in front of him. However, there are some peculiarities about Gummojam. His coffin lantern, which can be confirmed by the remaining records, is only large. It is only a middle- and upper-class official who can be appointed to the horseman who can lead about 1,000 people (also known as Gundu). Considering that Ko Yeon-mu, the commander of Goguryeo's army who defeated the Malgal army in Gaedonyang, was Tae Dae-hyung, and that he actually led the Baekje revival movement was the black-capped land, which was believed to be royal and Dalsolgwan. In addition, Suimseong Fortress, which was his birthplace or place of work, is not even listed in the unknown place of the Three Kingdoms Sagi. The name Gummojam does not seem to be combined with family name and name, but only indicates the name. Why was Gummojam able to lead Goguryeo's revival movement, who was not from a noble hometown such as a large-scale government office? What force awakened his anger, and what anger could have caused him to go back to his fate? Unfortunately, there is nothing more to find out from the remaining records. I don't know if this record is too much for him, who has been branded as a loser in history.

Anti-Japanese War of Independence and General Ji Cheongcheon of Baeksan Mountain. 10. Liberation Army. (4)

 In order to create the Liberation Army, General Ji Cheong-cheon first wrote the "Korean Liberation Army Plan Daegang." This document was sent to the Chinese Military Committee through President Kim Gu, and the military strategy plan of Ji Cheongcheon in the early days of the establishment of the Liberation Army can be seen. Its contents are generally as follows. The mission of Liberation Army is to attract Korean armed forces in the enemy forces to the independence movement camp, carry out joint Korean-Chinese operations, and expand the military to become the driving force behind the mobilization of all Koreans. In addition, the military shall be governed by the General Command of the Liberation Army based on the Ilsa, and shall be led by the Chinese military commander as the General Commander of the ROK-China Allied Forces. The additional organization establishes the principle of initiating from the upper organization, and uses the method of recruiting Koreans from the Korean Independence Army in various regions by entering the northeast. As for the activity zones, Ki, Seom, Ye, Noh, Jin, and Northeast four provinces are the main activity zones. Regarding the armed battle of Koreans in the northeastern region, the Red Army along with the Joseon Revolution Army was incorporated to take a consistent action. For the attributes of the Liberation Army, military officers serving in each institution in the jurisdiction are convened.' Regardless of the ideology, the armed forces fighting against Japan in the northeastern region were incorporated into the Liberation Army to promote the unification of Korean armed forces for the anti-Japanese war to strengthen Manchuria-centered armed forces and unite the independence movement camp. When Ji Cheong-cheon was the commander-in-chief of the Korean Independence Army, he was disarmed by the behind-the-scenes maneuvering of the Chinese Communist Party leader Joo Bo-jung, but he planned to include Korean communists in the Liberation Army for the cause of independence. Of course, this idea was not realized by various factors, but it can be said that it has meaning as a national united front due to the acceleration of the anti-Japanese war. This document was sent to the Chinese authorities for review, and in September 1940, before the official approval of the Chinese Military Commission, the Liberation Army held a founding ceremony and began practical activities. As shown in the convenience plan, Gwangbok-gun established the organizational principle of forming a lower-level organization from the formation of an upper-level organization, so after the founding of the army, the task was to organize combat units and conduct military training. Accordingly, the military's security and equipment are covered by foreign aid, trained military officials in large quantities through short-term training, and dispatched all Korean soldiers to Manchuria and China to form at least three divisions. At a press conference to mark the second anniversary of the founding of Liberation Army, Ji Cheong-cheon said, "The center of Liberation Army's struggle is to launch a large-scale executive training and expand propaganda operations, and wait for Liberation Army to enter the northeast. In other words, the initial stage of military activities of the Liberation Army is to actively develop executive training and propaganda operations, and the latter stage is to unite with the Japanese in the northeast as a member of the Allied Forces and eventually make Korea independent. Recognizing this strategy, the General Command of the Liberation Army moved to the West Bank. Meanwhile, in December 1941, the Japanese imperialist forces mobilized air force to attack the naval base of the majesty of Jinju Bay, and the Pacific War broke out and eventually developed into a globalized war. Accordingly, the provisional government issued a statement against the Japanese War, officially declaring its position to participate in the anti-invasive joint front and counter the Japanese imperialism. However, there remained a solution to overcome the reality that the provisional government was a political organization that was not internationally approved. Ji Cheong-cheon explained that the meaning of the anti-Japanese war between the Liberation Army and the Chinese army is a war for independence of the motherland, a war for the establishment of peace in verbs, and a war for solving the problems of the world's weak people. Therefore, at a time when the war for national independence is bound to unfold as part of the world war, Ji Cheong-cheon pointed out, "One of our most desperate tasks at this stage is to gain international status." In other words, only when the temporary government gains international status and strengthens its revolutionary power can the Korean people's problem be solved by claiming the legitimate rights of the Korean people at international conferences if the war ends. This perception was based on the idea of securing official recognition of the Allies and participating in the war against Japan as a member of the Allies in order to solidify the international position of our people after the war. However, despite the efforts of temporary government factors, the temporary government was not officially approved externally, resulting in the need to return home as an individual after liberation. Meanwhile, in response to the rapidly changing internal and external situation, the need for the Liberation Army to rapidly reinforce was being reconsidered. Accordingly, Ji Cheong-cheon, along with Kim Won-bok and Lee Bok-won, submitted a "proposal on military policy" to the 35th meeting as members of the National Assembly. The standard for the amount of disease in the Liberation Army is set at 300,000, and in order to organize it, it is necessary to initiate the operation of each port as soon as possible. 1) It will be dispatched to Park Hyo-sam, the first district in the north of the Yellow River, reorganized, and give instructions on a unified craft route and policy. 2) A representative will be dispatched to the Korean Armed Forces in Hyunyu, Japan, to establish a desperate connection with it, provide as much assistance as possible, and to direct unified operational routes and operational policies. 3) It will push suitable agents in Korea, Manchuria, and Japan to focus on the people, especially students and the working class organization, to prepare for a crowd riot that will mix up future military actions with Cho Song, a candidate for military officials. 4) Military representatives will be dispatched to allies such as China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to conduct negotiations on the subject of arms and even militaryization. 5) The Korean-American delegation will be expanded and organized, but unified diplomacy will be developed, including influential actors from each faction, and negotiations such as military funds, militaryization, and various special military technologies will be made. 6) A government representative will be dispatched to Moscow to organize a delegation covering Koreans who are influential in the region to negotiate with the Korean army, especially various military special technology talents, and even military funds and military flowers. 7) In addition to the use of various military schools in allies for military officer training, a military officer training center in our own territory will be established. 8) A considerable amount of military and loans will be negotiated against the blind countries such as the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, and the United States. The proposal significantly increased the goal of the formation of the Liberation Army from three existing divisions to 300,000 and aims to strengthen armed forces in preparation for a full anti-Japanese war and unify the Korean armed forces by connecting them with armed groups in Matmanju, Joseon's mercenary. It is also noteworthy that it is proposing to expand military negotiations unique to China and engage in military aid negotiations with allied countries such as the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union, especially the United States and the Soviet Union. It included plans such as Korean organizations residing in the United States and the Soviet Union, military vice-minister of the United States and the Soviet Union, and training of military officers of the Liberation Army with the help of the United States Soviet Union. Therefore, this military policy was a strategy to predict the defeat of the Japanese military before the Cairo meeting, a meeting between the leaders of the world order building after the war, and to strengthen the liberation front of the motherland. Therefore, this proposal was unanimously passed as it was recognized as an appropriate judgment law for military facilities. Since then, joint operation activities with allied countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom have been specifically raised and implemented. Meanwhile, when it comes to military training of the Liberation Army, in addition to the joint training policy with the Allied Forces, in-house training was planned, which was embodied as the "Plan to Implement the Korean Liberation Army Executive Training Team". However, the Chinese Military Commission has notified that the plan should be revised to focus on education on three people, and the Provisional Government State Council and General Command rejected it and renegotiated it with Chinese authorities to send Korean officers to Chinese military schools for education. As a result, the Korean Liberation Army was able to defy the training of executives through its own training as a national liberation force. However, the plan was approved by the Chinese authorities in February 1945, but the establishment of a training team was suspended because military training between South Korea and the U.S. was actually in negotiations at the time. However, before the plan was officially approved, the 6th branch of Jingmo, which had actually achieved great results in the activities of the enemy's first mother, was able to train 70 army lieutenants by setting up a Korean Liberation Army executive training team at the Imcheon Branch of the Central Military Academy. Meanwhile, military cooperation with allied countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom was implemented based on military strategies such as Proposal on Military Policy and Plan for Military Affairs. Thus, the dispatch of the Liberation Army to the U.S. Embassy in China and the dispatch of personnel dispatches to British troops in India were put into practice. In addition, the 2nd and 3rd zones were jointly trained with the US Army's OSS Special Forces to operate on infiltration into the enemy's post-regions.

These joint operations and training are closely related to the war situation of the world war, especially the US military OSS, which was active in China, was seeking to cooperate with the Liberation Army, emphasizing the strategic value of the Korean Peninsula. Thus, military cooperation between South Korea and the United States was carried out, coupled with the interests of the U.S. military OSS special forces to use Koreans for enemy rear activities in the anti-Japanese war. Meanwhile, the international war phase was changing rapidly, the German totalitarian forces were on the verge of defeat, and Japan was also losing everywhere. In this rapidly changing international situation, the provisional government and the Liberation Army immediately reduced the need to operate with the allies and established strategies to respond to this situation from the beginning of 1945. This was related to the perception that the war should be rapidly vacuumed into the Northeast and Korea as a member of the Allied Forces at a time when it was nearing an end. Thus, Jicheongcheon came up with specific military strategies such as "military policy proposals," "Korean Provisional Government Military Progress Plan," and "Korean Liberation Army Construction and Operation Plan" along with joint negotiations with the U.S. military through the 2nd and 3rd zones. As the military strategy of the Liberation Army for joint operations with the Allied Forces was established, contact was also made between local working-level officials, and joint ventures between the 2nd, 3rd and US military OSSs proceeded smoothly. Lee Bum-seok and Kim Hak-gyu came to the Central Police Agency in early April 1945, and the Liberation Army's OSS training was conducted after official meetings between Kim Gu, Ji Cheong-cheon, Lee Bum-seok, and Kim Hak-kyu, the representative of the U.S. military OSS. On May 11, 1945, the second zone began OSS training around July 1945 with the support of the U.S. military. Thus, among the three strategies of anti-Japanese warfare, the foundation for the construction of underground forces in Korea was prepared. However, this training was not the whole of the military strategy of Gwangbuk-gun. In other words, the strategy of advancing to the northeast was continuously maintained within the Liberation Army at the time by concentrating military power, joining forces with the Chinese army, and conducting a full-scale anti-Japanese war. However, since it is difficult to advance to the northeast with hundreds of Liberation Army's active armed forces right now, it can be said that the strategy of infiltrating the Liberation Army personnel who have completed OSS training that can be used for guerrilla operations took precedence. Considering the military strategy of the Liberation Army, Jicheongcheon established the principle of top-down organization during the initial founding process to expand the period of units, and to promote the unification of military force in the northeast. And it can be said that the strategies of these two principles have been carried out until the time of liberation. Thus, from the founding to the early stages, the integrated movement of armed forces in the jurisdiction to secure key units, first-time activities, and diplomatic and propaganda activities for external approval of the Liberation Army were carried out. Based on these activities, a practical anti-Japanese war strategy was devised based on the expansion of Liberation Army agents, and it was a strategy to participate in the war against Japan through joint operations with allied forces based on the alliance's approval to secure international status after the war. The strategy consisted of three contents: the expansion of the main unit of the Liberation Army to the northeast and vacuumed into Korea across the Yalu River and Tuman River, the second to infiltrate training personnel into the enemy territory, and the third to land on the Korean Peninsula using the Korean Peninsula. These three strategies were scheduled to be implemented to drive out Japanese imperialist forces and make their homeland independent through full-scale battles in Korea, but strategies such as advancing to the northeast or landing in Korea through the Pacific could not be realized by the Japanese colonial rule. In addition, despite the end of some training, the domestic infiltration operation through joint ventures with special forces of the Majuk Army was not realized due to the Japanese surrender. Although the military strategy of the Liberation Army could not be implemented due to the early surrender of the Japanese colonial rule, its historical significance is greatly appreciated in that it made military efforts to achieve Korea's independence and enhance Korea's position within the postwar international order.

The 2nd episode of the Nazi Party's new rush - "Legal"? You like lawfulness!! "(1)

 The Nazi Party's great victory in the September general election threw considerable happiness and trouble for the Nazi Party. Compared to the previous year, in the last two months of 1930, 100,000 people joined the army, reaching 380,000 members. This is a good thing to think about in common sense, but it was not easy for the "orthodox bashsuits" to plant them watching (the Nazi Party pays the party's membership fees). Hitler personally hated large political parties in large quantities. It was like a person who was big collapsed at once even if he was heavier than a person trained in various sports. In other words, Hitler saw that only a small number of special parties armed with ideological fanatics existed to strengthen the party, and if ordinary citizens became members and claimed to be fascists, they would eventually be scattered like ants in a crisis. Goebbels, who later becomes an imperial propaganda minister as the Minister of Propaganda of the Nazi Party, especially despised them and called them "born in September." In short, a lot of opportunistic things came in. He even said, "I look back on those good days when we still had only a small division throughout the country with excellence and emotion, when the national socialism of the capital had only sixteen followers." But the increase in party members is good, taking advantage of this festive atmosphere shortly after its success, Hitler began to host events that convinced the party's victory, including the results of 25% of seats in the local council elections at the end of the year, the Bremen city council elections. This action allows us to look into Hitler's outstanding strategic insight, and the Nazi Party became influential not only in the central parliament but also in the local council.  "The follower is just getting better!"> The Central National Assembly opened on October 13. However, from the beginning, these Nazi members continued to act rebellious to various state powers, as if they had lost their dignity and dignity as lawmakers. From the beginning, he wore Nazi brown uniforms and went to his seat like an army under the leadership of member of the National Assembly Herman Göring, and Gregor Straser, a leftist of the Nazi Party, said in a speech to the National Assembly that "this criminal and shameless dirty state system" began. <The people are on our side.Meanwhile, the Communist and Nazi battles began to intensify, and the communist and Nazi battles took place in each province, ignoring Hitler's control from the beginning and acting like independent forces, launched their own Delusion of Revolution, and now the people are on our side, suggesting to collapse Weimar and destroy the Communist Party. However, Hitler ignored the charging force's proposal through strategic considerations in many ways. It was for his own strategy, the "legalization strategy," to gain safer power at numerous risks.