The seawater controlled in the Baekgol Valley will not be added to or less than dewdrops, and the inclusion is not covered by the private nature of the border by the size of Yangui. Furthermore, since the Dead Sea is now a house, how can I save a small land as big as a mat? Should I be in trouble because the situation is urgent? In his opinion, the small country had long been under the emperor's rule and did not lose the courtesy of the subjugation state, so he was worried about the reduction of the strong soil, so he was told with earnest wishes, but as if he had been loyal to many generations, he was afraid to step on Yunhe's rule. In addition, the formation of the Yalu River drew the limits of Jejam to create a border, and the old castles of Buyeo still remain on various highlands that connected the river, and the high grace of King Taejo's words has been followed. When the border was adjusted by the court, the castle was set up on the east side of the river, the bridgehead was set up, military facilities gradually expanded, and the restoration of the old border was borrowed to wait for a new order. The act of Zhou Dai sang of In by saying, "Don't step on it," and the people of both provinces were not resentful if they hurt foreigners in the elementary school, but the only concern was that the people would lose their food for a year." That was the story. Although the tribute is insignificant, I swear that there is no place in the port, and the envoy is bent down and seems to see Yongan near. What he sincerely recommended to the Holy Land means that God should not be negligent for a moment, and even if there was no grace from his predecessors, how could he have wished for such a blessing from King Seongjo? Since the whole Nuri is unified into one, everyone is the king's land, the king's subjects, and there are not many sculpted lands, so it is my boundary and my own possession. Even if you give me a favor, I'm very sorry to risk the imperial throne like a thunderbolt because it's not shared by reason, but I'm jealous of the Holy Blue by posting a Nohju (a ticket with the opening). On your stomach, I pray that His Majesty will appeal to the past with a little sincerity, and show generosity by disrespecting the misery of all the people. In the past, many peaks were hardened like kyeona, so Mr. Yoo came to the world with peace, and he distributed them to Gunho Gyeruk, so King Taejo did not waste Korea and China. Give the old frontier to solidify your disease again, and comfort the distant people so that they can be soaked in yellow silver. I pray that the imperial edict is issued and declared to the righteous army, and the officials of Yanbian are also restrained so that Yeojin cannot invade across the border again. It is intended to build a hermitage on the border of God and protect it day and night, and in time, the castle and bridgehead will be collected and the national system will be established as a river. Turn around the old field of the pattern to caress the small country, and turn around the clumsy sleeves of the long-term to dance to the vocal cords. Together, we will bless you, and we will repay you with caution against Heavenly Son. I thought Kang Gam-chan won and didn't pay tribute to the Yo Empire.
2022년 4월 9일 토요일
After Columbus, the poor Indians became their foundation
After the 15th-century colombus, Westerners began conquering the world in the 16th-century... ...and in the East, they are still relentlessly digging into "weak areas" such as the Kaegang, Siberian New World, the Philippines, and Indonesia... ...and conquering Aztec Inca. African black slave trade is also a case in point. But instead, Europe began to see remarkable developments one by one... the "Scientific Revolution" that began in the 16th and 7th centuries, and we only focused on the Industrial Revolution, which began in the 19th century after the invention of James Watt's steam engine in the late 18th century, and is now in the 20th and 1st century. In the 18th century, scientists in England discovered the Andromeda Nebula and discovered the presence of oxygen air. Of course, you could say that you inherited ancient medieval Greece, Arab, Persia, India, China, but... ...it must have gotten even more serious and unleashed the Industrial Revolution jackpot. Personally, I wonder that Spain, which conquered the Americas and gave Europe silver, has been revitalized in other European countries such as Britain, France, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, and Italy. The Industrial Revolution broke out in Britain because all the other countries were divided into small pieces and only the big chunks of England and France. The imperialist school of England refers to this as "moving from a Latin Southern European idiot who doesn't know how to use American treasure to the right place" by pirating Spanish golden ships... ...and representing African black slave exports. Russia, which is relatively behind the development of Europe, which has received American treasure, desperately tries to contact Western Europe, defeats Sweden, Poland, Turkey in the early 18th century, and creates a new capital, Petersburg, and moves from Moscow. Pyotr the Great. The Ottoman Turks, the glory of Islam that made Europe tremble with terror, were also the targets of terror in the first Bijin Siege in the early 16th century, but were defeated by the Polish and German allies in the second Bijin Siege in the late 17th century. In 1699 the Treaty of Karlowitz gave Hungary away to Austria and established itself as a "patient third-rate power in Europe." Since then, Muslims have never surpassed Christians. As China and Japan know that Europe is too far away and that the economy of people's livelihoods is superior to that of Europe, but science and technology are inferior, Ming and Qing have partially opened Gwangju, the farthest Nagasaki, in the capital Tokyo. This preliminary stage of the 16th and 8th centuries called the "modern era" means that there is a modern era after the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century... of course, Japan was not immediately modernized after the Myeongchi Revolution in 1868, but continued cultural contact through Nagasaki from the 17th and 8th centuries. Of course, until the Napoleonic Wars of the early 19th century, the world's largest economy was the Qing Dynasty of China... ...that is, the Western scientific revolution was not immediately available. First agriculture, but then Britain defeated China in the Opium War in 1842 and industrialization of everything, even agriculture changed from China to the United States and Russia because mechanization, including the invention of tractors, affected agricultural production. At the beginning of all that, there were prepared Western scientists 300 years ago, sacrificed Indians and African blacks, and after the opening of the world, they entered the core of Asia in earnest. ============================================================== <Science Revolution> - The development of the background technology and transportation methods of the scientific revolution increased the market, increased production of goods, and strengthened the power of commerce and industry. This phenomenon led to the fall of the feudal system and served as an opportunity to establish absolute kingship. The Renaissance during this period contributed to the development of natural science, and the Reformation led to the decline of Scholar philosophy, which hindered the development of science, allowing scientists to freely conduct academic research. In the past, when we lived in different conceptual systems of nature, in the past, when we thought nature was always moving by new and new miracles, we began to wonder about the forms of these miracles and what hierarchies they could be identified in. -The significance of the scientific revolution The scientific revolution refers to the establishment of modern science centered on the 17th century and the resulting serious change in ideology, which has been frequently used recently. The direct reason for the general use of this concept stems from the book "The Origin of Modernity" by H. Butterfield, a professor of modern history at Cambridge University. There have been three great revolutions in history: the Urban Revolution, the Greek Revolution, and the Scientific Revolution, and among them, the most important and most groundbreaking is the Scientific Revolution. To briefly summarize the contents of the scientific revolution: 1. the collapse of Aristotle's view of nature 2. the establishment of scientific methods 3. the combination of science and technology 4. the triumph of mechanism 5. the establishment of science as an institution. After all, the core of the scientific revolution stems from the formation of a new method of exploration of nature, which combines the theoretical heritage of Greece and the unique form of technical practice since the late Middle Ages. The former sprouted in the theoretical heritage since Greece, and the latter was trained in the technical practice of modern craftsmen. The reason why science in the modern sense of Greece and the Middle Ages was not born was that this rational way of thinking and technical practice were separated from each other. In other words, in the Middle Ages, theory belonged to theologian's speculation, and technical practice was the exclusive property of artisans without culture. In the end, one big breakthrough that will unlock the secret of the scientific revolution was the combination and connection of theoretical heritage belonging to scholarly traditions and technical practice belonging to artisan traditions, and the state of their mutual penetration. Moreover, the prosperity of the capitalist system inevitably enabled the development of experimental science, which also played a major role in industrial and economic development. And as natural science went beyond certain limits, it firmly secured its position as a factor in society's productivity, and this transformation was much more significant than the political events of the time in any way. The significance of the scientific revolution is also here. - Copernicus' appearance Copernicus pointed out the problem with Ptolemy's space structure and thought the sun was at the center of the universe and the earth was spinning around it. This was a challenge to the entire medieval view of space, which had been believed that the Earth was the center of the universe. It challenged Aristotle and Ptolemy's view of the universe, which had been believed to be almost absolute truth until then. Copernicus appealed to fellow mathematicians for aesthetic judgment to explain his view of the universe. This is a complex concept, which is based on all intellectual progress since the scientific revolution, and is the same as the humanist concept. This is also seen in the act of rejecting the achievements of Scholar philosophers, that is, the lack of beauty and unification. Nature has one unity, if we find the laws right in nature, this unity is expressed in the simplicity of the laws themselves, the expression of unity, the definition of simplicity is aesthetic... ...science is both the beauty and truth of people who practice them, like art.…gives the humanist belief that it is the two sides of the whole. It is the belief that beauty is the truth. -Tico BraheTico Brahe was a genius at observation. Accurate observations helped revise astronomical records up to that time and the calendar. The discovery of a sacred star in the constellation of Cassiopeia in 1572, and in that year's paper, "About the Divinity," severely damaged Aristotle's view of the universe. Unlike Copernicus, Tico Brahe's space structure claimed that the Earth is stationary at the center of the universe, with the moon and the sun rotating around it, and other planets orbiting the sun. -Kepler Kepler was the first to think that the orbit of a planet represents an ellipse, not a circle. When I calculated the orbit of Mars according to Brahe's data, the full circle did not come out and it was distorted. Eventually, Kepler believes in Tico's observation and discovered the elliptical orbit by abandoning the preconception that the celestial body is complete, establishing the following laws. 1. Every planet rotates in its own elliptical orbit around the Sun. 2. When a planet moves on an orbit, its fan-shaped area is equal to two points in orbit at the same time. 2. The square of each planet's cycle is proportional to the cube of its average distance to the Sun. Thinking that astronomy cannot fully help navigation without accurate time measurement tools, Galilei finds that the pendulum and throbbing pulse keep exactly the same time using latitude measurement and monastic clock airway. The principle of the pendulum movement, the basis of the modern clock principle, was established. (In the laws of mechanics, Aristotle's heavy objects fall first...)The reason for not reversing the proposition was that there was no clock to measure the passage of time.) Galilei also built a telescope to make more detailed observations, which he used as evidence for Copernicus' space structure. Observations of the moon's surface, sunspots, Jupiter and Venus helped ordinary people understand Copernicus' space structure. However, Galilee's view of the universe was contrary to Christian doctrine because it denied the Earth's central theory. The church, which weakened after the 16th century religious reform, could not tolerate this claim and eventually face a religious trial.
As a result, Galileo's humiliation culminated in the scientific revolution and led to the decline of Italian astronomy, and Germany also began to be thwarted early due to Luther's contempt for Copernicus. However, after Galilee's death, the scientific revolution flourished in rebellion in England, and as a background, a genius named Isaac Newton was born. Galileo's ideas and influences 1. He laid the foundation for a mechanical worldview. 2. He has extended his senses. 3. He thought of the infinite universe mathematically. 4. The relationship between science and religion began to deteriorate after Galilean dynamics emerged. - Descartes and Mechanical Philosophy - If Hermesism and Neoplatonism assume spiritual power, spirits, mysticism, and magical power in nature, mechanical philosophy sees nature as only matter + movement and absolutely alien to mind and matter. - The process of establishing mechanical philosophy: When Aristotle was suspected at university and lost absolute authority, extreme skepticism called 'pyronism' emerged in crisis and transitional situations where new theories competed. This is a sensory and epistemological skepticism, and it is difficult to believe anything given by sensory perception, so no theory obtained through perception can be believed. In this "knowledge crisis", on the one hand, there was a position to avoid epistemological skepticism through practicality as an opposition to skepticism, and on the other hand, Descartes put forward "new dogma" as an opinion on skepticism. In the new dogma theory, he attempted a systematic suspicion that if he could not trust his senses, he would suspect everything he could. If it is not absolute knowledge, it is doubtful that all of them deny sensory knowledge, 외 deny external world, 자 deny their consciousness itself, and eventually, what remains is that they think "I exist because they think." Descartes's philosophy was to build new knowledge from the reliable knowledge of clearness through the neo-Germanism method. Descartes' mechanical philosophy: Descartes thought that natural science knowledge should also be systematically based on clearness, resulting in the mechanical philosophy of matter+movement. Descartes thought that existence had an extension, and that something occupying the space could be recognized when it entered his senses. In other words, the principle that matter occupies space arose here. Descartes thought that there should be movement in the substance and that God gave it. In other words, after the principle of matter and motion is given from God, nature continues to return. Matter is all made up of particles and change is made from motion. Descartes gave this motion and established the principle of inertia that a moving object continues its motion without external intervention. In conclusion, this philosophy can be called 'mechanical philosophy' because there is no room for supernatural ideas such as nature's divinity, mana, and spirits to intervene. By mechanical philosophy, nature is considered to be maintained as if it were a machine as its own principle of motion. This philosophy also has the position of reductionism that it can reveal its existence by retroactively reflecting on basic elements. Descartes introduces the 'vortex theory of particles' based on such reductionism, thereby completing the theory of planetary/light/gravity. → Descartes' mechanical philosophy expresses the idea that all phenomena of nature can be explained by causal mechanisms, and modern science and modern science can be seen as following this position. Note As we enter the 17th century, Europe enters the so-called "era of scientific revolution" that continues into modern and modern times, along with the development of philosophy, astronomy, and physics. In this century, brilliant discoveries and creativity that awaited the scientific revolution poured out one after another. Although Kepler, Napier, and Ferma have pioneered new fields such as Descartes, Pascal, Newton, and Leibniz. They were geniuses who studied physics, astronomy, and philosophy without exception, and in this respect, they are different from those of later mathematicians. This feature is also well illustrated in their research and creative discoveries. Descartes, the philosopher who wrote the Methodology Introduction, remains immortal as the founder of interpretive geometry. The algebraic method was discovered by combining geometry with algebra. It is believed that this is affecting Leibniz's discovery of calculus. Newton and Leibniz each independently founded calculus, opening the way for modern scholarship. Mathematics, which has not progressed for hundreds of years, has advanced rapidly and has also had a great impact on physics by leaping from the world of geometry and algebra to analytical science. Newton systematized calculus in 1671. He made brilliant achievements, including the discovery of the law of gravity in the universe and the theory of particles of light. "Philosophia e naturalis Principia mathematica" was published in 1687. Later, Leibniz and Newton had a lot of controversy over the creation of calculus, but it was eventually explained that the two achieved their achievements independently. Leibniz also made a great contribution to the symbolization of mathematics. The current symbols of calculus owe much to it. He also made great achievements in law and philosophy. -Newton and the Completion of Classical Physics Newton, who completed the modern scientific revolution and completed classical physics, was born on December 25, 1642 in a small farmhouse in England. It is the year of Galilee's death and the 100th anniversary of Copernicus' death. He entered Trinity College in Cambridge at the age of 19 and began to make connections with science. His research was extensive, including the production of reflective telescopes, optics, universal gravitation, and calculus. And his research career has come to an end with the publication of his books. - 3 Laws of Motion 1. Objects that do not exert force from outside shall remain stationary or constant. <Law of Inertia> 2. When a force acts on an object and the state of motion changes, the magnitude of the acceleration is proportional to the applied arbitrary size and inversely proportional to the mass. <Law of Acceleration> 3. When two objects act on each other, the force received by the second object from the first object is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force received from the first second object. In 1687 Newton published an extensive book, The Principia, the Bible of Science. the mathematical principles of natural philosophyIt is, usually called {Principia} In this book Newton solved a major historical task of modern scientific development 150 years after Copernicus. The content mainly unified Kepler's astronomy and Galilee's mechanics, and supplemented his views to a higher level.
the last path of a scholar
A well-versed and upright scholar "doesn't think of yumsa in his heart and say wealth with his mouth... The creed of Namsangol Sannim's "Click Foot" was the belief that he lost to the truth, but he had a small pride that he felt sorry for, and that he did not enjoy the side fire even if he froze to death. " Lee Chang-seop, a Chinese scholar who died at the age of 75 on the 16th (Among Lee Hee-seung's essay collection "Cold Heart"), was a scholar who lived the life of such a "clicky." The only formal education is the completion of Gyeongsangbuk-do High School, but the academic depth of the deceased, whose work is reading, is "Yu."He is well versed in Buddhism and Zen. He translated and introduced Lee Man-bu's "Dodongpyeon" and "Jihaengrok," which are considered to be Seongri Daejeon during the Joseon Dynasty, for the first time in Korea. He also deciphered 60 volumes of the Cheontae Three Great Divisions, the end of the Cheontaejong Dynasty, as well as numerous Buddhist books and Taoist books such as Chamdonggye and Ipyakgyeong. Monk Deoksan, chairman of the association Chun Tae-jong, said, "The deceased, who deciphered difficult Chinese characters and cursive writing, was a master of Chinese literature, although he did not receive institutional education," adding, "He revived the academic pulse of the ancestors." As if he were a Hyeonshin of Namsangol Sannim's Heo Saeng, the deceased devoted himself only to reading while building a wall with society. Both the professor's proposal and the position of the director of Dosanseowon Confucian Academy declined. But this poor life inevitably involved a painful cost. Housekeeping has always been for wives and children. In poverty, I had to watch my two sons and daughters turn their backs on the world after suffering from illness. The remaining five siblings naturally had no choice but to keep their "disgrace" with "respect" for the deceased. In particular, Lee Seong, his third son, who went to school with a high school while carrying a luggage bike in Cheonggyecheon with a hungry stomach, was said to have the biggest lump. My eldest daughter Kyung-rim (poet) recalled, "My father was reckless and was never doing anything he didn't want even if his family starved," adding, "But I was always proud that my father was an 'unstained scholar'." It was not until 1988 when his eldest son passed away that the deceased began to move the classics to Hangeul and escaped from seclusion. In other words, he tried to compromise for the first time in his life and sent a message of reconciliation to his children. The deceased began translating classics at the age of Yi Sun, but continued to work on 2,000 pages a month, translating as many as 260 books in more than a decade. Around the time of diplomatic relations between Korea and China, President Roh Tae-woo wrote a letter in Chinese instead. There is also an anecdote that Deng Xiaoping, who received the letter at the time, was impressed, saying, "Was there anyone in Korea who could write such a sentence?" The five siblings, who had a hard time with their father, gradually understood their father's life and efforts. In particular, Lee Sung, who grew up as the head of the city's municipal reform team, applied for the monthly Literature World Award in August last year to calmly describe the pain and reconciliation his family had to suffer because of his father's work. Through this article, he opened his closed mind wide, saying, "Now I want to ask for a handshake," but he could not come to his father's mortuary. "I want to give children armed with black and white logic to relax," he said, adding that he took a year off from school, a middle school student and an elementary school student, and went around the world on the 11th without hesitation. Instead, in the mortuary, literary figures from Confucian scholars and monks, and public officials in Seoul mourned the way to the "last scholar" of our time. Central 2002. July 18, 2002, "The death of the father of a public official on leave who traveled around the world." "I can't go today." I've been crying for hours. The faint hope that I had left wondering if I could see you again was ruined. My father died. " Lee Seong, who took a year off from work and traveled around the world with his family on the 11th.44) Former head of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's municipal reform department. After five days journey he heard the sad news. A sudden attack ten days ago to undergo major surgery, leaving his father ichangseop the last 16th (Hak Ja Han. 75, 李昌燮), he died. Confucian scholar who do not come to terms with the outside world as six siblings who because of his father, who had to take particularly poverty and suffering have passed my father's death because the 李 of documentary was out of the ordinary. Resentment over the usual father with a low blue flame I suffered tremendous hardships because no. 李, 10 days before, leaving the Ewha Womans Univ. Mok-dong Hospital's room and up all night. Father a difficult decision, pushing his son on the back and show love is deep inside. On the trip with two sons (15.16) and nephew but a leave of absence a year (10) his wife had tears in his seed is fully booked for transportation to 李 and to put body into a flight to Hong Kong on July 11. He "Are you alone to go home." high Wednesday, but worried about the safety of children couldn't make sense to family members stopped her. Travel on the bulletin board postings -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- the JoongAng Ilbo, in the past, scrap that, from reading the room when we started to put out. Lonely scholar away the memory of the articles. Oh, this people. ....... is imperative that learning about this on ...An article spent, respect and admiration yeosseumnida. At the time saved him again after several years, read to you, too, see each other again after new. But surfing the internet, posted on a travel agency which is the next day came the news about her son. In comparison, dugeul two showing the relationship, the father of a bygone age and as a scientist father and son of Japan's emperor, it is strange to cross. Before that, we are a father-son relationship in the age of easy, not a scholar, and naver not easy, too, the path of the resultant I'm sad and we think of a love-hate relationship. I'm not on a scholarly path either, but I console myself when I'm having a hard time thinking about itFor those who come to Oyeokgal, please refer to it as an opportunity to regroup their attitude toward work and learning. Three lines. 1. Read more! 2. Are you okay? Sequi! That's wonderful... 3. Pain follows the path of scholars. The stubborn devotion of the Chinese scholar Lee Chang-seop reminds us of the attitude toward learning.
Why Socialism Is Realized After Capitalism
1. As we know, Marx sees the core of historical development as the relationship of productivity and production. In other words, the process of developing history has a law The point is that in order for humans to advance their history to the next level, it is not possible only because of the will, but also because of the development of materials that enable the will. In other words, in order for the capital system to be overcome, the development of matter requires the formation of a subject that can overcome it It's a way of thinking that's not that different from structure and behavior in social science and the environment and human category in humanities. 2. The feudal system of the West could not be brought down by simple peasant rebellion, but by industrial capitalists who grew with industrial development and were more daring in "creating another world," and the grandfathers who owned small and medium-sized land were able to overcome the contradiction. 3. This has been criticized by many people, but I feel a little bit different from rigid social development. First, unlike the known scheme of primitive communism -> slavery -> feudalism -> capitalism -> socialism - Marx was constantly showing attempts to "typize" the economic structures of many countries in the history process. And typification is that the same feudal system shows different characteristics in different civilizations. By distinguishing Prussian feudalism from Asian production styles (India and Arab civilization) and Chinese production styles (Northeast Asia), we called for a richer interpretation of historical development. Secondly, by suggesting the "leap" of the history process, he acknowledged that unlike many people's misunderstanding, he could go straight from feudalism to socialism. In his letter to Russian theorist Jasurizzi, Marx mentions that the Russian people can go to the New World without having to suffer the suffering of the Western proletariat. 4. Third, Marx's theory of historical relics, although there are various possibilities for interpretation, does not just refer to the law of matter. The premise of historical development is matter, but the main component is superstructure (human will and thought). Again, theoretical work expresses as much interest in the social process of the 1800s French Revolution (not the Great Revolution) and the modern bureaucracy as in the analysis of the economic structure. His descendants theorize about the interest in modern superstructures. 5. His theory of historical development seems to be more appropriate to understand as a degree of tendency. In fact, he believed in the same Marxist theory during the liberation period, but Park Heon-young said the bourgeois revolution and Baek Nam-woon and Yeo Un-hyung said the New Democratic Revolution, which is a different view on how to interpret his theory. Personally, I think Baek Nam-woon and Yeo-woon were right.
Empress MyeongseongThe Weber report that revealed the truth of the murder.
In the early morning of October 8, 1895, the Japanese attacked Gyeongbokgung Palace and brutally killed Empress Myeongseong, the mother of Joseon. A so-called Weber report, written by the Russian government official Weber, was found at the Russian government's archives in Moscow. It was in October 2000. We know from history textbooks that Empress Myeongseong was brutally murdered by the swords of Japanese women who stormed the palace. How on earth was the crime plotted and how were the killers handled afterwards? The Weber report exposes Japan's unconventional atrocities. The volume alone amounts to more than 300 pages. The report was reviewed in detail by Russian Emperor Nikolai II. The scene of Empress Myeongseong's assassination is vividly recorded. When the queen fled to the hallway, she chased her down, trampled her chest and cut herself with a knife.' Webber plays a crucial role in informing the country's legation of witnesses at the time and revealing the truth of the incident along with other diplomatic envoys. At that time, King Gojong and Empress Myeongseong built a Western pavilion in the palace and let Americans, Russians, British, and French stay. The reason was that if there were foreigners in the palace, the Japanese would not rush into the palace recklessly, conscious of their eyes. Empress Myeongseong The murder case would have been hidden without the Russian Sabatin and other Westerners, who were on night duty that day. The Weber report contains evidence of that. The Japanese legation officials go to the Japanese legation to inquire about the truth of the incident, but they accuse the Japanese legation of having no idea. "The words of the Japanese people are more reliable than the words of the malicious Koreans spreading unreasonable rumors," Weber points out in Miura's words. "The witness is not a Korean, but a Westerner." Miura hurriedly ends talks with foreign construction companies, embarrassed by the words and saying, "We have to find out again." Perhaps if all the witnesses were Koreans, the Japanese legation would have stuck its feet out to the end. Based on testimony from witnesses at the scene, let's look back on the Doomsday Empress Myeongseong in a Weber report that vividly describes the situation at the time. Gunfire rings at Gwanghwamun, the main gate of the palace, and this was the signal of a Empress Myeongseong murder plot. The 10th Japanese Regiment, which was on standby, attacked Chuseomun Gate, northwest of the palace, and Chudongmun Gate, northeast of the palace. Protesters retreat after being unable to resist a sudden attack by Japanese troops. As a battle between the protesters and the Japanese military took place in Gwanghwamun and all the protesters, including Hong Gye-hoon, were killed, the Japanese military took over Gwanghwamun. It took only 45 minutes to get things done and get things done. Feeling threatened by Japan's murder, King Gojong and Empress Myeongseong stayed at Geoncheong Palace, the northernmost part of Gyeongbokgung Palace. Both doors leading to Okhoru were blocked by Japanese samurai. Here, the Russian Sabatin encounters the Empress Myeongseong killing squad. Uniformed Japanese military officers were in command of the soldiers and 40 Korean soldiers lined up in the yard. In this Okhoru, Empress Myeongseong is brutally murdered and taken to the body. The killers burn the body of the empress here to destroy evidence and bury it in the forest east of Geoncheonggung Palace. Dr Weber writes at the end of this report. "It is an ugly atrocity that mobilized troops to attack the palace and kill a country's national identity, not even a war." The inside and outside of Okhoru were filled with Japanese searching for Empress Myeongseong, and Empress Myeongseong was brutally murdered by the Japanese without any protection. However, it is strange that 40 Joseon soldiers were at the site of the murder. Why were they at the site of the murder? The Weber report identified the 40 Korean soldiers. The Korean soldiers were part of a training camp. The training camp is a Korean army created by Japanese coercion. Japanese military instructors were put into the training camp to make the Joseon army pro-Japanese. The training camp is a Korean unit controlled by the Japanese military.Japan, which aimed to rob Joseon, needed to secure power representing its interests and wanted to meet it through a training camp. By placing the Joseon army under the command of Japan, they tried to take control of the military power and adjust it at will according to their purpose. Gojong and Empress Myeongseong wanted to see through their purpose and disband the training camp. A day before the trial, King Gojong's order to disband the training camp is issued. Then, did the soldiers of the training camp who went to the Sihae site go to Okhoru because they were dissatisfied with the order of dissolution? The report records that they did not engage in combat. In other words, it can be said that the training team was mobilized to the site of the trial to pass on the responsibility for the murder of Empress Myeongseong to the training team. In addition, Heungseon Daewongun was kidnapped to Gangnyeongjeon Hall and imprisoned until the Japanese finished removing Empress Myeongseong. It was a Japanese tactic to frame Daewongun for the murder of Empress Myeongseong. Empress Myeongseong On that day, King Gojong, along with Crown Prince, was surrounded by the Japanese, kicked, and beaten with a knife. The Weber Report also contains King Gojong's testimony. In front of Guinean, the Japanese, Watanabe and former Joseon military advisers Suzuki and Okamoto came in with knives, and Okamoto and Suzuki caught the queen." Among the witnesses at the scene, King Gojong is the only one who names the killers. As the name suggests, it was all the Japanese who killed the empress. In addition to these, there were about 20 more action groups involved in the removal of Empress Myeongseong. They were civilians in plain clothes, not soldiers. They were Japanese wearing suits and kimonos and armed with knives and pistols. What are they? At the end of the Joseon Dynasty, there was a media organization established by the Japanese living in Joseon, so it is Hansung Shinbosa Temple. Since its foundation, Hansung Shinbo Corporation has been an institution where Japanese disguised as journalists came into Korea to collect information after paying all operating expenses at the legation. Among them, Kenzo Idachi, president of Hansung Shinbo, plays an active role as the leader of the Empress Myeongseong Shihai Incident. Shiba Shiro, the general manager of the action squad, is an elite who studied at Harvard University in the United States and majored in economics. In addition to these, the members of the action team in the Shihae Incident were intellectuals representing Japan's intelligence at that time. They were ultra-rightists who were determined to do anything to invade the continent by their own country, Japan. A report by the North China Herald newspaper dated October 31, 1895 accurately recognizes Japan's intention to cover up and reduce the Empress Myeongseong disaster. As public criticism of Japan and calls for punishment of criminals are rampant, the Japanese government summons 48 suspects identified as murderers to Tokyo. The case is handed over to the Hiroshima Court, and all criminals are released on the absurd grounds of insufficient evidence after going through formal procedures. After their release, the criminals were applauded by the Japanese people as heroes of the nation's salvation, and the king also sent a delegation to award medals to the criminals. The Japanese government had no intention of punishing the killers. This is because the Empress Myeongseong Sea Incident is a atrocity made in cooperation with the Japanese military, government, private, and government. Even though there are witnesses at the scene and evidence is scattered, the killers run high after being released due to insufficient evidence. Shiba Shiro, a key figure in the action group, has gained fame as a political novelist and is elected to the National Assembly several times. Kenzo Idachi, who was a campaigner for mobilizing women, became a member of the Japanese cabinet, and most of the killers were either placed in preposition or gained social wealth and honor in Japan. Miura, a Japanese construction worker in Korea, was the leader of the Empress Myeongseong murder plot. Russian Shibata's testimony, "They didn't listen to me and only asked who the queen was and where the queen was." Empress Myeongseong was King Gojong's political adviser. She says to stay close to the West, such as Russia, France and the United States, in order to escape the Japanese invasion plot. The Sino-Japanese War was fought by the Qing Dynasty and Japan to take over Joseon. Japan, which won the war, signed the Shimonoseki Treaty to pave the way for the invasion of Joseon. When Japan took control of the Liaodong Peninsula, Russia drew in France and Germany and put the brakes on it. Empress Myeongseong did not miss this international trend and joined hands with Russia to keep Japan in check. For Japan, which was thoroughly sacrificed in Joseon's diplomatic relations, Empress Myeongseong was like a thorn in its eye. When the news of Empress Myeongseong's murder became known, righteous army protests broke out across the country, and Japan was also embroiled in criticism internationally. In that sense, the removal of Empress Myeongseong was a tactical complete failure. On October 12, 1897, King Gojong established the Qing Dynasty and changed the national title to the Korean Empire. And on November 22, they held a grand funeral for Empress Myeongseong. During the ceremony to raise the posthumous title of Empress Myeongseong, King Gojong said, "The royal incident was so unpredictable that I had never been in my life. He has failed to avenge himself and has passed his discipline. But my grief is beyond control."I shed tears. More than a hundred years after the tragic Empress Myeongseong was assassinated by Japan, the case remains unsolved. Empress Myeongseong This is because there are only suspects in the murder case, and so far, no punishment for criminals has been identified. Shouldn't we get back to the bottom of the Empress Myeongseong Sea Incident now? For Japan, which hides the truth of history and distorts history, it is possible to face what the truth is and what their faults are.
Goguryeo's Gwanggaeto Hortai's War Against Foreign Expedition
King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae, who is like the sun in the history of our people and developed the giant kingdom Goguryeo into the greatest power in Northeast Asia in the 4th century, is a conquering monarch who expanded the largest territory based on political stability built by King So Soo-rim. King Tae's Hwi was Damdeok, and Myoho was born as the son of King So Soo-rim in 372 and the son of King Lee Ryeon, who ascended to the throne as the late King of the Kingdom in 384. He was crowned as a prince in 386 when he was 12 years old, and when his father died at the age of 17, he ascended the throne and designated Yeonho as Yeongrak in 391. King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae built nine temples in Pyongyang in 392 to inherit the policy of his uncle, King So Soo-rim, who recognized Buddhism as a national religion, and expanded and repaired the palace in 406 and moved six fortresses, including Doksan, in July 408. However, King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae's record of internal teeth is poorer than that of external teeth, which may be a relative phenomenon due to the fact that the achievements of the king's external teeth were so great. However, at the same time, what we need to know is that the basic internal rule of Goguryeo was already sufficient before King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae. Internal maintenance, such as the national recognition of Buddhism, the establishment of Taehak, and the distribution of Yulryeong, to enable Goguryeo to grow into a powerhouse in Northeast Asia, has already been sufficiently carried out during the reign of King Soosurim. It can be said that King Tae exerted his power to the outside world on this very foundation. Conventionally, the discussion on the external rule of King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae showed a conflicting pattern between the tendency to emphasize the northward territorial expansion and the tendency to emphasize the southward nature in terms of quality. The emphasis on the northward nature was made by nationalist historians as part of the anti-Japanese struggle during the Japanese colonial era period, which still has a significant impact today. On the other hand, there was also a study that examined Goguryeo's foreign policy in three dimensions and revealed that King Tae's outcry was mainly southward. Since then, King Gwanggaeto's cry has put considerable emphasis on the southward policy, judging from the nature of King Jangsu's foreign policy and Pyongyang's Cheondo. However, in order for the southward policy to be properly implemented, policies on the west and northeast, that is, China and the northern peoples, had to be preceded. Therefore, regarding the cry of King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae, the truth can be grasped correctly when understanding both of them instrumentally, and the achievements of the king will be evaluated without any distortion or bias accordingly. At the time of King Tae's ascension, the situation on the west side of Goguryeo was developing in a considerable advantage to the Goguryeo side. In the late 3rd and early 4th centuries, a power struggle broke out between the so-called kings, which eventually collapsed in 361 and later led to a period of confusion called the "5th 16th Kingdom" and the "North and South Dynasties" in Chinese history. This confusion continued for about 300 years. According to this situation, countries such as Jeonyeon (337-370), Jeonjin (350-394), Huyeon (384-470), and Bukyeon (407-436) occurred one after another from the 4th to the early 5th century in Goguryeo. In addition, Namyeon (398~410) Seoyeon (384~394), Jeonyang (317~376), Huyang (386~403), Namyang (397~414), Bukyang (401~414), and Seoyeon (400~421) were killed one after another. Records on the development of the west side of the king include the conquest of the Khotae people in the 5th year of Yeongrak (395) and the attack of the late 17th year of Yeongrak, and the conquest of the original year of reign in Samgukgi. Goguryeo's southern policy was actively promoted mainly against Baekje when King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae ascended the throne. Here, the Japanese and Silla are combined together to take on a quite complex pattern. As the records show, the main target of Goguryeo's southern policy seems to be Baekje. And here, Japanese and Silla are intertwined. Baekje had earlier threatened the southern frontier of Goguryeo. In particular, King Geunchogo attacked Pyongyang Castle with 30,000 elite soldiers in 371 and killed the late King Gogukwon. In Goguryeo's southern policy, the existence of Baekje was like an eye-catching thorn. In the inscription, Baekje is called Baekjan (()) and Japanese is expressed as Japanese pirates, which may be an expression of the consciousness to repay the humiliation suffered by Baekje in the past. Meanwhile, in addition to directly attacking Goguryeo, Baekje pressured Goguryeo with a bypass strategy of invading Silla in connection with the Japanese, and when Silla in trouble asked Goguryeo for salvation, the king sent 50,000 soldiers to repel the Japanese. Goguryeo, which advanced to the Han River basin with a massive military operation in 396 and took the lead in Baekje, expanded its influence over Silla and its surrounding areas with the salvation of Silla in 400 years, and greatly defeated Japanese pirates in 404 to lay the foundation for maritime power as well as the Korean Peninsula. It should be said that the power of the victory war in which King Gaero was killed by attacking Baekje during the reign of King Jangsu and the power to establish the Jungwon Goguryeo Monument was already established during King Gwanggaeto's reign. The articles of the Shinmyo Year in the conventional inscription were interpreted by Japanese scholars as if the Japanese had made Baekje and Silla as their subordinate countries. However, Queen Hotei recorded the strength of Goguryeo and the achievements of King Tae. This interpretation is not reasonable unless it is a public ratio of the Japanese. In the end, various debates over the Japanese style of the Sinmyo Year article should be reasonably understood within the large framework of the Goguryeo Southern Border Policy to establish its own line. As mentioned earlier for a while, it should be said that Goguryeo's southern policy was prepared very carefully from the time of King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae's ascension. It can be said that the seven provinces, the migration policy of Pyongyang residents, and the policy of popular support, which were built to prevent the invasion of Baekje, were all instrumentally connected and reflected in Goguryeo's southern policy. The unified war between Goguryeo and Buyeo, which had continued since the end of the 1st century BC, ended in Goguryeo's victory in 494, when King Buyeo brought his wife and son, surrendered the country, and King Gwanggaeto Hotei was the decisive factor in the victory. There was a conventional theory that this Buyeo was strict in the northeastern part of the Korean Peninsula, but it would be reasonable to find its existence in the northeastern part of Goguryeo, given the confirmation of the royal nature of Buyeo's biography according to the recent archaeological excavation. As a result, Goguryeo laid the groundwork for pioneering a large area of Buyeo. Although it is difficult to confirm the policy of King Gwanggaeto's northeast with this fragmentary record alone, it can be seen that Goguryeo has never neglected its interest in the northeast along with its expansion policy on the west and south sides. In short, it can be said that King Tae's foreign policy was efficiently promoted in all directions of the west, south, and northeast. King Gwanggaeto Hotei was a king who excelled in mercenary tactics in the war and in his methods of governing the conquered areas. According to the Military Law, when the general stands at the forefront and reaches a precarious place first, all soldiers become stronger, but King Tae was the master who put these military methods into practice. It is said that King Tae, who went to the battlefield with his soldiers, fought at the forefront of the battle by encouraging soldiers, defeating the recommendations of his subordinates to avoid even when he reached a precarious situation. On the other hand, he organized a death squad with a small number of elite troops and ran to the enemy's camp like an arrow to attack, but his appearance of a sudden war was said to have been a lightning bolt on top of the earth. He was a general who took the initiative and put the true practice of an extremely human commander who accompanied and suffered with the soldiers into practice. After the king conquered the surrounding countries and the marginal immigrants, the policies on the conquered areas were slightly different. After receiving an oath of obedience from Silla, the Silla system was recognized as it was. Therefore, Silla was not much different from before, except that it was reduced to a new kingdom of Goguryeo. In addition, Baekje generals from Baekje's Yoseobunguk and China's east coast division, and Yuju's photographs and 13 taesu of the former descendants recognized their previous positions and positions. This method has the advantage of being able to easily receive submission, but there was a problem that when Goguryeo's power weakened, they easily broke away from Goguryeo's sphere of influence. Baekje and Goguryeo alternately occupied Yoseo and China's east coast because former Baekje generals in Yoseo and China's east coast alternately subjugated to Baekje and Goguryeo. In July 392, the first year of his reign, King Tae attacked Baekje to the south and completely took control of the territory of the Han River basin, and in September of the same year, he conquered Khitan to prepare for the war with Later Yeon, and in 395, Sangjanggun Moru was sent to conquer Suksin. In 396, he destroyed 58 castles of Baekje through amphibious operations and surrendered to King Asin, leaving dozens of Baekje royals and their lieutenants as barren. In 398, when Bukwi won the war with Huyeon and moved southeast toward Yuju, a large army was dispatched to conquer Toyokhon and block the path of Bukwi from the west and east at the same time. In 399, when Baekje mobilized Japanese troops to attack Silla, King Tae went down to the south with 50,000 troops, defeated the Japanese, and conquered Gaya. After subjugating Silla, Baekje, Gaya, and Japan, King Taewang installed Imna Yeonjeong Pavilion on Daemado Island, the main point of maritime transportation, and controlled these four countries with naval forces.
In 400 years, Goguryeo took over the Yoseo region and Yuju by attributing the generals of Baekje's Yoseo Branch between Yuseong and Bukpyeong, and Yuju's photographs and 13th Army Taesu. In 402, the latter part of the territory between Colonel Dandan was taken from Bukjin and isolated, and in 407, the latter part was destroyed by attacking the latter part from all sides, and the latter part was destroyed by a coup, and the established Bukyeon was used as a satellite country. In 410, he finally conquered Dongbuyeo and successfully completed the foreign conquest war. King Tae, who completely conquered Manchuria and took control of the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese archipelago, died suddenly while preparing to attack the North to conquer the entire Jungwon continent, ending the Goguryeo conquest war here. King Gwanggaeto Ho Tae, who enjoyed the continent with his excellent resourcefulness and excellent governance! He was a greater ruler than Charles Magne of the Carolingian dynasty of the Frankish Kingdom, Alexander the Great of the ancient Macedonian Kingdom, and Traianus of the Roman Empire, and was a great hero to the great world of immortality.
Kwon Yul was not a great longevity.
In the 32nd year of King Seonjo's reign, when Leejo proposed the addition of Kwon Yul, the officer strongly criticized Kwon Yul. Kwon Yul, the son of Kwon Chul, was originally foolish and timid, so there was nothing to describe his ambition or resourcefulness. However, after winning a monk's boat once in a dishcloth, he suddenly received a lieutenant colonel and was ordained to Dowonsu. While confronting the enemy camp for a long time, he could not defeat the enemy by making even one plan, but he was afraid and always avoided far away even before he showed his enemy." It's not usually a harsh comment, but the criticism doesn't end with this, it leads to the Battle of the Turbulent Sea. The Battle of Cheolcheonliang was one of the most stupid battles of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, and Won-gyun, who became a commander of the Samdosugun when Yi Sun-shin was impeached and sent to Hanyang. However, Won-gyun shouted "no suppression", but Kwon Yul made Won-gyun go into battle. In other words, the cause of the Battle of Cheolcheonryang lies not with Won-gyun, but with Won-su (Kwon Yul), who ignored Won-gyun's invincible advance. No matter how much the order of mediation was made in the Battle of Jusa Jeong Yu-nyeon (the Battle of Cheolyang), we should have reported immediately the situation where it was difficult to confront the Japanese by checking the timing and considering the strength. And if he had ordered the chief to organize the army and told him not to look lightly at the enemy, he would not have been able to collide arbitrarily, although there were many enemies. However, Kwon Yul did not keep such a plan in mind, but acted rashly without thinking about it, and even formed Won Gyun, a controller, in a hurry. Thus, none of the hard-won injections for six years were left behind, and many of the walks were not preserved, causing the enemy to invade Honam and Hoseo as if they were in uninhabited. Despite his fear and weakness, the court considered it difficult to find a successor to him, so Kwon Yul entrusted him with the heavy duty of military power. At that time, he was unable to correct his past mistakes and encourage him to fight back and defeat the enemy." However, Kwon Yul will be appointed as the best contributor in five years. He won the Battle of Haengju, one of the three major battles of the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592, and he used the highly regarded Kwon Yul, but he used the tactic of running away rather than fighting the Japanese. Then, he was defeated in the Battle of Cheolcheonryang, which he tried to fight with great determination. Nevertheless, Kwon Yul is only known today as the hero of the Battle of Haengju.