Yemaek people, which means people living in dirty, rough land

 On December 19, when the year ended with the Korean history of Manchuria 2 2. Bi-wave type bronze sword and Gojoseon = Korea, he visited the ruins of Jeonggaja in Shenyang, China with the Kyunghyang Newspaper's coverage team. Jeongga Jaja Village was named because a person with the surname Jeong lived there for a long time. If you look closely around, the word "bronze" stands out. The addresses of the houses are also xxx, Bronze Road. The shopping district along the main road of the village is a bronze shopping mall. As such, it can be found that the word "bronze" is used here and there in the Tishichu area of Shenyang-si, Liaoning Province. It is said that the reason why the word bronze is used a lot is because there is a cemetery where the bronze dagger was found. The museum is located where the bronze dagger was found. Although it is called a list price and a site of freedom, it is currently closed and access to outsiders is blocked. It can be confirmed that a dagger and a bronze mirror were found only by a picture drawn on the exterior of the building. Two large wooden tombs and 12 small tombs were excavated from the Jeonggaja site excavated in 1965. The tomb at the third branch of Jeonggaja Temple, called Tomb No. 6512, was a wooden coffin tomb (3m65cm long) dating from the 6th to 5th centuries BC, and many bronze and black earthenware, including a bi-wave bronze sword and bronze mirror, were excavated. Based on the size of the tomb and the excavated relics, it is presumed that the main character of the tomb was the supreme ruler of Gojoseon, who had jurisdiction over the Liaohe Plain area around Shenyang, or the ruling class of Yemaek political groups. The literature describes the forces that grew up in Liaodong at the time as "the Empress of Joseon," and records that they are "arrogant and fierce," such as growing up and calling the king. In particular, China must have felt a sense of crisis over Gojoseon's attempt to confront the Yeon Dynasty or his emergence as a powerhouse in partnership with the Huns. This fact can be seen as an expression of Gojoseon's establishment of quite strong control power to encompass the surrounding area based on the Bronze Age culture in Liaodong, Nammanju. - Presumption of the "Hanjok," a bronze relic of China's Shenyang. - However, it is highly likely that it was the early center of Gojoseon as a large number of relics, including a bi-wave bronze sword, were recovered from the Jeonggaaja ruins in the middle of Liaohe. Of course, more bi-wave bronze daggers are found in Liao. However, in addition to the Yemaek people, the Liao-si area during the Bronze Age was a place where many San-yong and Dong-ho were active, and it is still necessary to discuss further to say that Gojoseon residents lived. The people of Gojoseon lived throughout the northwest part of the Korean Peninsula, centering on Liaodong, south of Manchuria. This area is a place where agriculture developed early on. The residents here were mainly Yejok and Macjok, and the language and customs were similar to each other. Among them, other groups were conquered or unified around the dominant forces. Thus, by the 8th to 7th centuries BC, Gojoseon appeared in history. At first, Gojoseon ruled loosely in the Liaodong area of Manchuria and the Daedong River basin, but in the 4th to 3rd centuries BC, the power of the country grows to the extent that it competes with China's Yeon Dynasty. People in China deliberately called these Gojoseon people orangkai. It was also named "Yemaekjok," meaning people living in dirty and rough land. - Handwriting to the Yeon Dynasty in the 4th century B.C. - If you look closely at Bronze Age and Iron Age relics from the Korean Peninsula or South Manchuria, you can restore the place where Gojoseon people lived and their social image to some extent. At this time, the relationship between the non-waveform bronze sword culture and Gojoseon distributed in Nammanju is important. This is because the bronze dagger, the so-called non-wave type bronze sword, attracts the most attention among the relics excavated from tombs in Liaoning. It has been noted that it was used by our ancient residents from early on because it is different in form from the bronze sword used in China, and it is mainly found in the area of Nammanju. Table-type dolmens, which are mainly distributed from Liaodong in Manchuria to North Korea, are also drawing attention. And in the area where Gojoseon people lived, Misong-ri-type earthenware was popular. This bowl seems to have been used during the same period as the bi-wave bronze sword (7th to 4th centuries BC), and it is found evenly across the Daedong River from the east of the Liaohe River, where table-type dolmens are concentrated, making it the most popular earthenware in the early Gojoseon Dynasty. This suggests that Gojoseon grew around the Liaodong area of Manchuria during the Bronze Age culture stage. - Proof of the old land of the bi-wave type bronze sword. - Gojoseon was a country that was established in the Bronze Age and continued to exist until the stage when iron culture was spread. In the early days, the political bodies of each region were loose federations, but in the latter days, they developed into a society with a fairly strong governance system. It seems that the territory at this time covered part of the Liaodong area in Manchuria, and was mostly the northwestern part of the Korean Peninsula as its central area. Regarding the late Gojoseon society, the Sehyeongdonggeom is drawing attention. The three-shaped bronze daggers are long and pointed daggers and were mostly excavated from wooden tombs found on Tongil Street in the south of the Daedong River. In the process of excavating the Northwestern region, more than 80% of the Sehyeong Cave found so far is concentrated around Pyongyang, so it is highly likely that Pyongyang was the center of Gojoseon when the sword was used. However, the period of using the triangular bronze dagger does not go back to the 4th century BC. In addition, the area where the Sehyeong bronze dagger is found does not leave the south of the Cheongcheongang River. - The key to the restoration of the history of the ancient Joseon Dynasty. - In the Pyongyang area, the early cultural relics of Gojoseon, Misong-ri type pottery and the non-wave type bronze sword, are rarely found. In the case of the bi-waveform bronze dagger, only a few were found near Pyongyang, and most of them were excavated from Liaodong. Misong-ri type earthenware is also found more in the north than south of the Yalu River. There is a record in the Chinese literature, "The Yeon Dynasty sent troops to take 2,000 ri of Joseon's western territory and set its boundaries as a full-fledged Korean." In reverse interpretation, it can be seen that before the attack of the Yeon Dynasty's Jangsu Jingae, Gojoseon's territory extended not only near Pyongyang but also further to the west in the Nammanju area. Gojoseon is the first country to appear on our land. Therefore, restoring Gojoseon's history is very important for understanding what the starting stage of Korean national history looked like and how the history developed afterwards. Gojoseon later had an important influence on the creation and growth of various countries established by the Korean people, including Buyeo, Dongokjeo, and Samhan, Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje. Therefore, it is very important to accurately examine the history of Gojoseon in southern Manchuria, especially in Liaodong and western North Korea, for the work of systematically organizing our ancient history and even our entire history. "Professor Song Ho-jung / Department of History Education at Korea National University of Education" Where is the capital of Korea's first ancient state Gojoseon? Academics have mixed views. As for the location of the Gojoseon capital, the theory of re-Pyongyang, the theory of re-Liaoning, and the theory of movement have been raised. "Pyongyang theory" theorists value the record that "Pyongyangseong Fortress was the place where Dangun established Joseon and ran the capital" recorded in "The Three Kingdoms." There is no disagreement that this Pyongyang castle is now Pyongyang. In addition, these scholars interpret that Wanggeomseong, the capital city of Wiman Joseon seen in the "Sagi" Joseon Dynasty, is also Pyongyang and "Persu" is Daedonggang River. This view gained strength when Nakrang remains and relics were found near Pyongyang in Japanese colonial era. Since nationalist historian Shin Chae-ho raised the theory, the North Korean academic community insisted on it until the early 1990s. They view the defeat that Wiman had crossed as Daereungha in Liao City, and Yeolsu, which is said to have been close to Wanggeomseong Fortress, as Liaohe. Specifically, they have designated the capital of Gojoseon as near Kaiping, east of Liaohe. The fact that large numbers of non-wave-shaped bronze swords and burial mounds are being excavated in Manchuria also gives strength to the theory of Liaoning Province. As for the burial mound, there are river tombs and pavilion tombs in Dalian, Raoning Province. However, Pyongyang's theory does not properly interpret the archaeological excavation results in Manchuria, and Liaoning's theory denies the relics of the Nakdonggang River basin and commits a considerable number of crimes in literature. The North Korean academic community recently rejected the conventional Liaoning theory and turned to Pyongyang's capital. The theory of movement of the capital city is the argument of academia to overcome logical contradictions by compromising the two arguments. This theory focuses on the temporal difference between the non-waveform bronze and the triangular bronze. Gojoseon, which was first building a wide range of non-wave-type bronze dagger culture in Liaodong, was shrunk by the eastern advance of the Yeon Dynasty and moved its center to Pyongyang to build a Sehyeong bronze dagger culture. It is most convincing in that there is no leap or strain in the interpretation of literature records and archaeological artifacts.

Europe and Asia...If I were to pick a country that I look like...

 (Washington = Yonhap News) Correspondent Yoon Dong-young said, "Many U.S. journalists and congressional aides are holding their breath and cursing, but no one wants to speak publicly, but I should."" Dennis Halpin, an expert in Asia at the House International Relations Committee, drew attention after he harshly criticized Japan's history and its "insensitivity" to victims at a symposium hosted by the Korea-U.S. Institute at the House of Representatives Rayburn Building on the 19th (local time). As Halpin said, it is hard to hear public criticism from the U.S. administration and Congress as well as from private research institutes about Japan, the world's second-largest economy and the mainstay of the U.S. strategy in Asia. At a recent House hearing on the history dispute between Korea, Japan, China and Japan, a lawmaker from South Carolina expressed his sincere gratitude for Japanese companies' investment in their hometowns and earnestly requested more investment. "Some people in Washington want Japan to become the United Kingdom of Asia and become a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council and a partner in the U.S. strategy for Asia and world peace," Halpin said, criticizing Japan and its government. "There will be little room for Washington to help Japan achieve its diplomatic goals unless there is a great expression of regret, such as Germany's Billy Brandt kneeling at the Polish Nazi victims' memorial tower in 1971, and Japan must help itself first," he said. Regarding Japan's anniversary of Hirohito, he prepared, saying, "How can Germany think of making Emperor Wilhelm's anniversary?" and argued, "At least the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo and U.S. consulates across Japan should open on this day and do daily work." Regarding Japan's claim to end war liability compensation, he countered, "There is no international law or peace treaty that prevents it from apologizing," and pointed out, "If Yasukuni shrine becomes like Arlington National Cemetery, war criminals must be removed." In particular, Halpin reminded the U.S. administration, "We welcome the revision or repeal of Japan's 9th Peace Constitution, but many in Asia fear it will be the first step for Japan to re-enter the path of militarism." The U.S. government, which has put human trafficking at the top of its foreign policy over the past decade, should pay attention to the resolution of the issue, the biggest example of female trafficking in government organizations in the 20th century, he said. He also pointed out, "The Japanese people's concerns about their citizens kidnapped by North Korea, including a young girl, are of course right," and introduced the story of Lee Ok-sun, a grandmother from Japanese Military Sexual Slavery, saying, "But the kidnapping of a young girl who has become a grandmother should be the same." Halpin also talked about Lee Mi-han (17), a second-generation Korean-American who received praise from U.S. President George W. Bush for his essay criticizing the Japanese oppression of Hangeul and reminding the importance of freedom. Halpin's harsh criticism against Japan seems to have been influenced by his 87-year-old father and his brothers who fought or survived the Pacific War against Japan, and his experience staying in Korea for 11 years and 4 years in China due to diplomats. ydy@yna.co.kr Japan = The navy traditionally has a larger proportion than the army because it has lived for a long time without worrying about invading the mainland on British land. Ethnicity is arrogant and egotistical. There is a hard hierarchy that absolutely obeys the ruler. China = Russia has long been ruled by an emperor.Despite the large land mass, he was raped by various ethnic groups.have a strong continental dispositionIt belittles human life and kills many people without hesitation at the order of the emperor. Korea = France is in a hurry.They are very competitive and jealous of their neighbors.The fate of a country is easily changed by one hero.Because of their strong independence, revolutions and revolts tend to occur easily.The regional sentiment in the metropolitan area and the provinces is severe. Taiwan = German SMEs are highly competitive.People are cautious and tough on the outside.It looks quiet on the outside, but once touched, Johnnie is dangerous.We adopted gun control.be good at obeying the orders of the ruler = Vietnam has a military group that is good at guerrilla warfare in Spain.Lazy and doesn't like the sun.be surprisingly conservative

Sumerians are Korean

 Sumerians are Koreans. Professor Samuel Kremer, famous for his work History Begins at Sumer, said that the first 39 human cases, including the first creation story, education, and judicial systems, all began in Sumer. Mesopotamia, one of the four major birthplaces of human civilization learned from elementary school textbooks, literally means "meso-potamia" between the two rivers. Yanggang is a term for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Dilmundongsan Mountain, called the "Eden" Garden in the Bible, is also an area between the two rivers, and even this garden is said to have been ruined by the bombing. The countries that Bush called the "axis of evil," Iraq, Iran and North Korea, all have one thing in common in that they are the birthplaces of human ultra-high civilization. Now, North Korean scholars call it the Daedong River Civilization, and it is said that after the discovery of the Black Meoru site, there was a civilization older than the Mesopotamian civilization in the Daedong River basin. Bush is now targeting these three countries, calling them "axis of evil." Let's call it the American 'history complex. Around 3500 BC, a group of humans began to flock to Mesopotamia. And it starts to settle down there. This group of humans is called Sumerian, which means "black hair." However, the problem is that when they come to the Yanggang region, they have already brought high-quality culture such as text, school system, and legal system. Then where on earth did they move to Mesopotamia? The problem of the origin of these Sumerians, which has been left as an unresolved problem, is even called the Sumer Problem. Egypt's civilization in the Nile basin is 1,000 years older than Sumer's, and India's Indus Valley civilization is a similar later civilization. The civilization brought by the Sumerians is a high-level civilization beyond imagination, and at that time, the Hebrews of the present day were literally "Habiru," and the meaning of the word was "traveling" or "sandeul." When the Sumerians used the cuneiform script, the Hebrews had no text, and they even wore animal skins called clothing. However, the Sumerians discovered weaving techniques and had already dyed their clothes. The architecture was also advanced enough to build a two-story house. Now discovered and stolen from the war are almost economic transaction documents, which are contract documents left after the transaction. Kang Shin-taek, a South Korean professor, received his doctorate from Yale University and is recognized for his research in the field. Christianity was the most shocked place when Sumerian letters were first discovered in Iraq in the 1830s. This is because the earliest incident was believed to have occurred in the Palestinian region, and the original story of Genesis and flood stories were recorded in Sumerian soil where the Garden of Eden was believed to have occurred. There were men and women in the Garden of Eden, and taboos against picking the fruit of the Garden, and surprisingly similar records poured out in Schumer, saying that men, not women, pick first, and that floods made ships because there was a righteous man named Giashd. High-end culture Sumerian classifies Hebrew culture as low- Western civilization consists of two streams: Greek rational reason and Hebrew emotional faith. These two streams meet in ancient Sumerian civilization. When the Sumerian Nammu Kingdom collapsed around 2000 BC, the Schumer civilization was divided into two parts. There is no doubt that the archetype of the Greek temple of Olympus is that of the Dilmun Garden of Sumer, and the spiritual heritage of the Hebrews is still following that of Sumer. Now, isn't that how Iraq is collapsing, like the spiritual home of human civilization is being ravaged or wiped out? 4. Sumerians and Korea. Where did Sumerians come from? This is the topic of the Sumerian problem. There are clues to their origins. That's the text they left behind. If either language is of the same lineage, the characteristics of the language must first be the same, the grammatical structure must be the same, and similar languages, especially the same rhetoric. The reason why we say that Indian and European languages are the same is because English, German, French, and Indian Shanskrit are all the same in these three respects. Of course, there is no exception to the comparison with Sumerian. In my opinion, Korean is almost perfectly the same language in these three respects. First of all, the characteristic of language is Sumerian, which means the language called 'Eun, Eun, Yi, Ga' after the subject or object of Korean. This is a common phenomenon in the Ural Altai language. However, Chinese and Indian are not deadlocked languages. So it is not the same in its characteristics as Sumerian. Next, in the grammatical structure, Sumerian is 'subject+object+verb'. It is different from English or Chinese and has the same structure as Korean. Finally, it should be the same in terms of rhetoric, but in <Samguk Sagi>, the ancient Korean word rhetoric remains. I have compared the Sumerian investigation with our ancient investigation, and Professor Cho Chul-soo, who recently returned from Hebrew University after receiving a Ph.D. in Sumerian, made an in-depth study and published it. Let me give you an example here. The first 1 in Sumerian is called asas, which is consistent with the old Korean language of the Three Kingdoms. The first wash is called "Assi Laundry," and the morning is called "Asa," and this is where Asis, which means a sunrise morning, comes from. -Punju: 'Ah' means the beginning as seen in the morning child.An excavation by the British scholar Cramer revealed that the "Black Headed People East Asians" had brought in all civilizations and established the Sumerian civilization - "Zigurat" provides clues of Sumerian origin in addition to language. The ziggurat is an artificial tower built of bricks. Of course, it is the origin of the pyramids, and the predecessor of the Tower of Babel in the Old Testament is none other than the Ziggurat...Fortunately, archaeologists are now searching for Sumerian remains in Turkey and Mongolia. Around 3500 B.C., where was the region that had the brilliant high civilization? In addition, the similarities between Sumer and Korea remain the subject of research in terms of the burial system, the burial system, the 60-point method, and the phoenix of the supreme leader. Reporter Kim Sang-il (Hanshin University professor of philosophy) - Oh My News

Ziggurat = Pyramid Reference Photograph (part of the 'Delivery Civilization Pyramids' in Manchuria - taken by German archaeologist Hausdorf). I was chased by the Chinese authorities right after I sent the picture. These 'pyramids of Delivery Civilization' in Manchuria are usually found to be more than 5,000 to 6,000 years old - China Archaeological Research Institute - China's Xinhua News Agency revealed only a fraction of the above

http://www.china.org.cn/english/15802.htm <Original Text> 5,000-year-old "Pyramid" Found in Inner Mongolia   Chinese archaeologists has discovered a pyramid-shaped building, dating back more than 5,000 years ago, in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, in north China. The "pyramid", located on a mountain ridge one kilometer north of Sijiazi Township in the Aohan Banner (county), is a three-storied stone building, with the bottom layer being more than 30 meters long and 15 meters wide. The "pyramid" belongs to the Hongshan Culture period of 5,000 to 6,000 years ago, according to Guo Dashun, a famous Chinese archaeologist who works in Liaoning Archaeological Research Institute. Seven tombs and ruins of an altar were found on the top of the "pyramid." At the site of the altar there are many fragments of broken pottery carved with the Chinese character “mi" (rice). Archaeologists said that the character "mi" may have something to do with people's understanding of astrology in ancient times. In one of the tombs, archaeologists found a bone flute and a stone ring, and they unearthed a stone sculpture of a goddess the size of a human body in another tomb. Archaeologists were surprised to find a stone-carved linga on the wall of a tomb and a small stone statue of a goddess below the linga in the same tomb. Archaeologist Guo said that many of the relics were first-time discoveries and they are of great significance in studying the burial customs, religious and sacrifice rituals, and the social structure of the Hongshan Culture. He pointed out, the discovery of the "pyramid" is also of great significance in exploring the origin of the Chinese civilization. The Hongshan Culture, belonging to the Neolithic culture, is mainly distributed in the juncture area between Inner Mongolia, Liaoning and Hebei provinces. (Xinhua News Agency 07/09/2001)

Joseon's bowl is by no means a 'maksabal'

 The Joseon bowl is never a "bamboo bowl," said Seo Mi-hyun, a reporter for "Our Bowl Story" by Shin Han-kyun, a fraudster, "The Joseon bowl was made by potters just using and throwing away without any artistic consciousness. However, we Japanese have an intuition to see things, so we sublimated a grab bowl, which no one had ever seen in Joseon, into the noblest tea bowl. Therefore, the beauty of the Joseon bowl is the Japanese sense of beauty that was discovered."    ▲ <Our Bowl Story> 2002005 This is why the Joseon bowl, explained by the Japanese people of Gayanet, became Japan's national treasure. It is a claim that Japan has sublimated what was first made by Joseon but treated as a very ugly catch, into a specialty of the world. But so far, few have disputed Japan's ongoing catch theory. Rather, they accept the theory of catching and use the word "maksabal" naturally. Recently, there has been a person who has criticized this issue head-on. He is a fraud, neither a famous scholar nor a professional. This is the story of Shin Han-kyun, a fraudster who published "The Story of Our Bowl." By chance, he saw the Joseon bowl, which became Japan's national treasure, and was convinced that it was never a self-baked rice bowl. Since then, he has been obsessed with finding the roots of "Maksabal" by searching for old documents of Kyujanggak and meeting Japanese art museums and private collectors. Then, over a decade later, he finally discovered a secret. The "Maksabal" was not just made to use and throw away, but was a jegi made by a fraudulent plant. The evidence is the map seed and color of the bowl, narrow and high heels that are difficult to use practically, and the subtle rain-blue color created after careful calculation through a fireplace that requires keeping the kiln at more than 1,300 degrees. The Joseon bowl, which Japan downgraded to an accidentally created "aesthetics of failure" but supported as a national treasure, was a ritual used to hold ancestral rites at private houses near Jinju. "Koryo Dawan (Korean bowl), which Japan treats as a national treasure, is not a maksabal. Instead, it should be called Hwang Tae-ok's bowl, considering its color and decoration." He rejects the word 'mak-babal' itself. This is because Yanagi Muneyoshi, an aesthetist during the Japanese colonial period, translated the expression by disparaging the value of the Joseon bowl, and originated from the logic of colonial history. Instead, it was named "Hwang Tae-ok Bowl" in consideration of color and decoration. Shin Han-kyun is the eldest son of Shin Jeong-hee Ong, who first reproduced a Joseon bowl that moved to Japan in 1968. Although he majored in business administration and stood on the platform of a university, he grabbed dirt instead of a pen to continue his family business. Twenty years after living with the bowl, he made it his lifelong goal to restore the meaning of our misknown bowl and let people know it. Our Bowl Story is an extension of that. He didn't care about the sarcastic remarks from people around him, saying, "Why is a bowl maker sticking to the study of a bowl that went to Japan?" <Our Bowl Story> adds to the fun of reading the history of our bowl from the perspective of the scammer as well as the interesting backstory related to it. It also tells the story that the Joseon bowl became a treasure for the Japanese before the Japanese Invasion of Korea, and that the "Cha-Bal War" that Japan fought to take away the Joseon bowl, the world's best ceramic destination at the time, was the Imjin War. He also recreated Hoeryeong bowl, which is not well known to us. At the Dangjinso exhibition held in Japan in 1990, I felt that there was a deep relationship with us while looking at the cultural property pottery called "Ogoryo." Dangjin is a village of potters who crossed from Dangjin in Joseon under the name of Kyushu, Japan. And in the decade, Shin finds something interesting. It was revealed that "Ogoryo" belonged to the gold built by the Yeojin invading northern China, and that Hamgyeong was also made in the Hoeryong region. It was also found that the coolness of the Joseon Dynasty began here. The book also featured 400 photos of pottery manufacturing methods and Korean bowls that could only be talked about without a fraudulent plant. And Shin didn't forget what he said. Pottery is not an art of seeing, but an art of writing. "Pottery that is not in use has lost its meaning as a ceramic. The beauty of true ceramics is found in use." Pottery is the philosophy of Shin Han-kyun, a swindler of our bowls.

Large factors other than geopolitical factors among natural conditions affecting countries around the world

 Climate... weather, especially in the agricultural era. Now, of course, it's not that bad. However, in the 19th century and the early 20th century... Until recently, the cold regions of the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and Japan have developed more technology and are superior, and we tend to be buried secretly. a sense of superiority over the tropics Well, southern countries India, Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asia... ...even in Europe, Spain, Italy, etc. have racial and climatic inferiority and blah blah blah blah blah blah. This trend in the industrial era became surprising when India stood out in the computer software industry around the new century, BRICS giants such as India and Brazil emerged, and Spain and Italy emerged as Mediterranean economies. And our country, which was about to be buried by that, is, the older generation has a lot of these ideas, the Japanese colonial era and the Baktong period. the modern value of the United States, Britain, France, Germany, and Japan as the only civilized country and then us... I saw on TV before that some old man was Italian, and Italy was a backward country... and the host was like... However, this sense of superiority over the southern country is mainly a product of the 19th and 20th centuries. Four great civilizations: China, India, Iraq, Egypt... ...Greek and Rome. Until just before the Industrial Revolution, the biggest economies were China and India, which is, until the 17th and 8th centuries, living in cold places was a disaster, but the Japanese called the Northeast, and the Chinese called Manchuria a "ghumun." The Ghost Door... an entrance to hell In fact, Northern Europe and Sweden are the only major countries in the cold zone in the agricultural era, because Denmark is a warmer region, Iceland and Norway are Danish territory, and Finland is Swedish territory. To Russian territory after the Napoleonic Wars. But it's unique that there are traditional countries like Sweden and Russia in the Cold War. Russia has Ukraine, but it must have been after modern times that it was taken away from Turkey or nomadic peoples. Fertile before gun possession, but terrifying for Russians. a nomadic attack For your information, Norway was an independent country in the 1820s, and Finland was an independent country in 1919. in the industrial age Other examples include our Gojoseon, Goguryeo, and Balhae... ...the cold Manchurian region. Large-scale agriculture began in Manchuria in the 18th century when Han Chinese peasants migrated to China. So how did our three kingdoms... how did they move their capital to Pyongyang, which is smaller in population than Baekje? Even if the nomadic peoples of the North are strong, they constantly aim for China south of the Great Wall and donate their land to China to become like the Manchus. That's why... It's cold, it's dry, and Japan and China have been attacking Manchuria and North Sea since the Qing and Edo periods, but the 19th century is when Russia conquers Siberia in the 17th century, Alaska in the 18th century, England and France in the 18th century, and Canada in the 19th century. The slaughter and deportation of Indian Eskimos. This profit is the reason why it is possible to occupy wasteland in recent times and to develop it in earnest from the 19th century when science and technology developed. Alaska is a land of gold foundation after Russia sold it to the United States in the 1870s. Becoming famous for dog sledging... ...Canada was British territory and then independence after World War II. Even though Russian Siberia and Chinese Manchuria are still poor... ...the North Sea, Alaska, Canada, and Northern Europe are "arctic paradise." Double victory for industrialism and capitalism. Canada, along with the United States and Australia, is one of the world's top three exporters of food. a food warehouse for mankind Temperatures below the cold climate are the best places to live, with the world's top three temperate regions being Europe (UK, France, Germany), East Asia (China, Korea, Japan), and North America (United States as a whole...). countries with four distinct seasons In the past, tropical and temperate zones were the best in the agricultural era, but in the industrial era, temperate and cold zones were the best... But now we're coming back down to India and Brazil. Italy, Spain... well, Southern Europe naps, which were a derogatory element of laziness during the development dictatorship, are now introduced by Roh Moo Hyun Anyway, the only "systematic kingdoms of cold regions in the agricultural era" are Sweden, Russia, and our three kingdoms of Manchuria. Tibet and the Inca Empire can also be considered countries that have endured difficult climates in the alpine regions. Geopolitical factors + climate = the inevitable invisible conditions of history... ...but that's also an old saying.

Turtle Ship praised by world-renowned historian James Adams

 Originally developed in 1413 the kobukson, or 'turtle ship', began as an updated version of the kwason, or 'spear ship' (designed for ramming enemy vessels in combat). The turtle ship is probably the most famous class of vessel to exist in Korean naval history. However, the initial design of this craft only generally resembles that of those built later in the 16th century which culminated in the famous battleships of 1592.    As is typical of most famous weapons systems the turtle ship did not suddenly emerge but rather evolved from earlier and less refined designs. The immediate ancestor of the turtle ship was the p'anokson (pictured right) which functioned as the workhorse of the Korean navy both before and throughout the time of the turtle ship (normally outnumbering the turtle ships in combat). It's most noteworthy features are that it has two decks, an upper deck where troops would be stationed and an enclosed lower deck to protect the oarsmen in combat; a 'castle' situated centrally on the upper deck, used as a command and observation post by the captain; and high sides designed to repel boarders. This last point is significant as the Japanese, Korea's long-term and primary naval adversary, would typically attack an enemy ship by boarding it.        Illustration of a turtle ship of earlier design from the 15th century. Artist's impression of a late 16th century turtle ship - click to enlarge.      Following on from the p'anokson the original turtle ships featured high sides and two separate decks. However, they typically omitted the inclusion of a 'castle' and were originally designed with the emphasis of being able to be used to ram and damage an opponent's ship without suffering damage themselves. Because of this they were boxy and very solidly constructed, as has been historically typical of Korean warships, but even more so in this case. This design was taken to its ultimate conclusion in the 16th century by the legendary Korean naval figure, Admiral Yi. These improvements included a completely enclosed and overhung upper deck. This was shared by the gunners and oarsmen and was covered over by a sturdy, curved, roof. Armoured plates to which spikes had been attached would form an outer skin making this roof both tough and practically impossible to walk across. As a final touch these spikes would often be obscured by straw or mats to lure in unsuspecting boarders. On the sides of the upper deck gun ports were positioned, allowing the firing of cannon or for use by archers. There were also additional ports at the bow and stern of the ship. While the open decked p'anokson made an ideal platform for carrying out remote bombardment the advanced turtle ships of the 16th century were best suited to rapidly moving in to engage enemy vessels up close and break up enemy lines before quickly withdrawing. While turtle ships of this vintage were still occasionally used to ram enemy ships they were now generally seen as too valuable to risk in a collision with another ship. Also despite their power and their fame it was uncommon for more than five of these vessels to see action in any one battle.    Following the transmission of gunpowder technology from Ming dynasty China in 1373 the Koreans rapidly developed a highly advanced range of naval artillery. By 1410 it was common for their ships to be armed with a variety of cannon with records showing that at this time they possessed 160 ships of war with artillery on board. This marked a turning point where the Koreans began to favour an approach similar to that of the Chinese which emphasised the bombardment of enemy vessels rather than attacking by ramming or boarding them. These weapons included deck mounted mortars which fired the Korean version of Chinese 'thunder-crash' bombs - a hard-cased fragmentation projectile. They also used four classes of commonly used cannon, as distinguished by their size, which were typically mounted on mobile wooden carriages (as shown right). While these cannon would fire stone or iron balls the preferred projectile weapon used by the Koreans at this time was a giant arrow with an iron tip and iron or leather fins (shown top right). While these may look like rockets they were not self-propelled but rather fired from a cannon. The largest of these measured up to nine feet (around three metres) long. These projectiles possessed both a longer range and greater accuracy than ball shot but had equivalent destructive power. They also had the advantages that upon impact they would both damage the ship and often themselves shatter, spraying deadly splinters of wood among the crew of the ship they hit, as well as that they could be easily converted into fire arrows. Turtle ships would typically be armed with a full range of normal cannon, firing both ball and arrow projectiles, as well as being crewed by a number of archers.

Professor James Adams, the pride of our people, praised by renowned world historian James Adams of Harvard University in the U.S., praised the turtle ship as the best invention of mankind that is superior to airplane cars. In recognizing the greatness of our people in foreign countries, we ourselves seem to be so lost in defeatism that we neglect our superior traditions.

Hong Da-gu, a Korean who bullied the Goryeo people during the Mongol invasion

 After Goryeo actually surrendered to Mongolia, Kublai planned an expedition to Japan ... so he ordered Goryeo to build a warship ...And I send Hong Da-gu as Yuan official to oversee the construction of this warship... ...supervisor Hong Da-gu was not a Mongolian, but a Koryo who defected to Yuan... ...Hong Da-gu's father is the commander of the Uijou Guards of Goryeo When the Mongols invaded Goryeo, they voluntarily surrendered first and served as a guide to the Mongol army, which was dark in the Goryeo terrain, and made great contributions to the Mongol invasion of Goryeo... And for that, you also have a big government position in Yuan ...However, Koryo, angry at his betrayal, finds a way to retaliate. The Goryeo royal family, who were going to Yuan as hostages, has succeeded in killing Hong Da-gu's father with a huge bribe... who thought his father was unjustly killed by the Duke of Goryeo, when he was sent to Goryeo as a supervisor... considering the number of people who died in the process of building a warshipHe was very scary because he could not make excuses in front of Hong Da-gu, a Goryeo person who knows Goryeo better than anyone else, and there was no way to avoid the advent of Hong Da-gu.Compared to Hong Da-gu's atrocities, Mongolian atrocities are said to be a joke...When Hong Da-gu swept the interior of Goryeo to requisition materials for making warships, he plundered thoroughly enough to say that it was difficult to leave a grain of rice and a spoonful of rice... ...the first Japanese conquest failed and the Yuan Dynasty prepared for the second conquest...But Hong Da-gu was also appointed as the supervisor.Then the terrified Goryeo Dynasty starts with the king and unites together to launch an operation to prevent Hong Da-gu from coming to the supervisor...The king wrote a letter with tears to protest the death of Hong Da-gu to the Yuan emperor Kublai... ...and the Yuan court investigated itself and replaced him with another Mongolian instead of Hong Da-gu. After hearing about the replacement of Hong Da-gu, the Goryeo Dynasty even said, "Hurray!" You can see how Hong Da-gu squeezed Goryeo. In the old colony of Japanese Imperialism days, Korean criminal assistants were more vicious than Japanese detectives... I think this is why people who know them are more vicious...

Hong Da-gu's father is Hong Bok-won, the frontman during the Mongol invasion. I'd say it's a family of traitors who will sell their country.