Egyptian civilization is...

 1. Egyptian civilization.

Egyptian civilization took place on fertile land down the Nile River. Egypt has a closed geographical location, so its political and cultural colors are monotonous compared to Mesopotamian civilization. Egypt was surrounded by deserts and seas, allowing it to retain its own culture for 2000 years without external invasion.

Egypt was so influenced by the Nile that it was called a "gift from the Nile River," as Herodotus said. Egypt developed agriculture early on the basis of the Nile River and the surrounding fertile soil.

The flooding of the Nile River, which is experienced every year, carried fertile sediments upstream, so the Nile River was a rich land. The flood of the Nile River buried everything around it in the mud. However, these floods occurred regularly and could be predicted in advance. Therefore, the Egyptians were able to control the timing of farming. Due to this flooding of the Nile River, solar power, geometry, architecture, and astronomy were developed.

 

2. Society.

The king of Egypt was called Pharaoh, took absolute power as the god of the sun, and mobilized farmers and slaves for civil engineering projects. The nobles, as a small number of bureaucrats and officials, received a large amount of land from the king, and their power was powerful. Most of the commoners were rich-owned farmers and were obligated to pay and serve.

 

3. Religion.

Egypt, like any other country in Orient, believed in polytheism and had a very large number of gods. Among them, the sun god Ra, the Nile River, and the underworld god Osiris were most worshipped. Under the solar Silla, there were Shu, the god of air, and Tefnut, the god of moisture. These gods combined with each other to give birth to Geb, the god of earth, and Nut, the goddess of heaven. These gods also combined to give birth to "Set," "Neftis," "Ossiris," and "Isis." Osiris then married Isis and Settis, respectively. Thus, Osiris Horus was born, and Set was born Anubis. There is a fierce fight between Horus, son of Osiris, and Set, through which you can get a glimpse of the Egyptian's strong belief in the afterlife and thoughts on resurrection. In addition, unlike Mesopotamia, the Egyptians believed in the immortality of the soul and preserved the bodies by making mummies, and prepared for the judgment of the afterlife by recording the Book of the Lion.

 

4. Art.

The construction and decoration of paramids and temples became the mainstream of art. In particular, the style of Yeolju was excellent along with sculptures, paintings, and crafts.

 

5. Science and technology.

Astronomy and solar power were created to know when the Nile River flooded, and geometry developed in the need to measure the land after flooding. In addition, the principles of architecture, leverage, and pulley were used during the construction of the temple. In mathematics, decimal methods were used, and surgical science was developed in the process of mummy production.

 

6. Text message.

Hieroglyph-Hieroglyphs were used to partially reach the stage of phonetic characters. On paper made of papyrus, a pen made of reeds and black ink were used.