History of the ax~ From the past to the present~

 The thing that is always seen in modern times is the ax, which is now very important as a tool, and has been a weapon and living tool with humanity recognized for its ability on all battlefields from the past to modern times. The origin of this axe is from 8000-6000 BC, when it was hitting a pointed stone in its hand, turning into an object with a proper handle, and becoming an object with a pointed blade. At first, the ax functioned as a wood tool, and until humans began the war, it fully functioned as the only important tool. Finally, as humans began to conflict with each other at some point and created an army, the axe, which exerts excellent power on humans as a heavy weapon, was hired as a military weapon, and never missed its main position until the sword became commonplace. Finally, specially designed axes for combat are found, such as axes with EYE-shaped blades seen in ancient Orient Babylonian civilization and axes from ancient Egypt. Finally, copper appeared, and the steel bars developed from stone hammers and Battle Axes developed from stone axes strengthened their power and reached their heyday. However, the sustainability of the day was not much different from copper or stone, but with the advent of bronze later, the iron and Battleax had a stronger and sharper day. However, here, the withdrawal disappears for a while because due to the spread of bronze casting technology, armor became popular, and the power of the withdrawal, which is simply hitting, was halved, making its performance no longer reliable. However, for a number of reasons, axes occupied the position of the main weapon of the ancient army. First of all, the axe was in front of the center of gravity, so it was highly destructive and ran to the blade to severely destroy armor, and it was also because bronze, a material for weapons, was expensive and technical limitations were large, so it was impossible to produce long-bladed weapons. At this time, all ancient countries used axes as their main focus, and the most representative were the axes of Egypt and Orient civilizations, and the axes of China's Sang-Silver-State combat, and India's. Similar social conditions included Vikings and Franks as the main people who used axes.  -A combat axe in the silver country. -But at that time, spear had already appeared as a more effective weapon than axe, and ancient Middle Eastern countries such as Asyria adopted tactics of holding shields and spears, so axe types had already lost its effectiveness on the battlefield. Furthermore, when Sargon I established the tactic of shooting a bow in a tank, the position of the axe, which was only useful in close combat, was further removed.  In addition, with the activation of tram warfare in China, the ax became a design as the main weapon of photographing became the main weapon. In addition, with the advancement of technology, the type of axe, which was difficult to use due to heavy front, was forced to give the sword the position of emperor of close war. As the trend of tactics around the world is being carried out in tanks, or in dense formation of pantry and shields, the useless axe will play its role as a tool for a while. The ancient Greek-Roman people were very shallow about the axe as a weapon of barbarians and admired only spears and swords, which did not mean that the axe's position in the military had disappeared at all. When it comes to the Roman army, it was the world's first army with the ability of engineers, and the axe was an important tool that could not be left out in various tasks such as setting up a position and paving the way. The axe, which had been used for some time, is revived as the main force of the battlefield again as the Roman Empire collapsed and the barbarians they used to watch moved south on a large scale. In particular, it was the "Vikings," the famous conqueror of the sea, who brought the heyday of axes to Europe. Vikings are a race with typical backward civilizations, and even the national concept did not stand properly, so the production of metals important to weapons and low quenching technology, forcing them to use those with a small proportion of metal blades as weapons. For them, of course, the long sword was too expensive to have except for a king or chief, so it was deified and revered (in the epic "Beo Wolf"), but the ax was very close to the lives of Vikings as a tool, especially the Vikings freely wielding heavy axes with one hand. The Franks, the same Arian Germanic tribe, and later the Frankish Kingdom, which originated from Germany, Italy, and France, were also famous for their free use of axes other than windows during the Germanic Great Movement, especially after contact with the throwing axe "Francisca" and later reorganized into cavalry. In addition, a group of people from Vikings became the "Normans" by receiving and settling in Normandy, who also valued axes as descendants of Vikings, and soldiers preferred axes even though they became cavalry-oriented troops, and even in the British royal family, they were treated as exclusive weapons of the National Guard. However, through the spread of Christianity and the Crusades, knights preferred a long sword that looked roughly like a cross, and soon, like the Romans in the past, knights began to watch for weapons called axes. Also, as the soldiers gradually preferred the spear, the ax had no choice but to change its position from the main combat weapon to the tool. Meanwhile, in China and other Asian countries, light and cheerful axes, which are hard to use were spread, and as Asia's tactics changed to battle with long windows rather than orchids, long-range weapons such as bow, furnace (crossbow), box furnace (modern crossbow concept), and furnace (modern machine gun concept) were distributed in large numbers. However, as in the West, the Chinese army was very active in digging trenches and building camps, so the army carried a large amount of hammers and axes when moving, and lost the status of practical weapons as such axes were absolutely necessary when implementing tactics to break through or collapse walls during siege. Even though the importance of the military has not decreased. The reason why the axe, which has been downgraded to the status of tools, reappeared as a weapon was through massive invasion of China such as Seoha (Tangut), Yo (Guran), and Geum (Yeojin) unified by the Song Dynasty in the 11th century. These countries have a strong cavalry in common, especially in that all countries, Seoha, Yo, and Geum, focus on strong armored cavalry. Soon after, Songnara also wore powerful armor on soldiers to counter them, weighing 34kg, and became the era of armed with the heaviest gloves in Eastern history. As such powerful armor became commonplace, the existing sword, which was a white-and-white battle weapon, was not seeded by armor, so what appeared was hitting the enemy and overpowering them with a heavy shock. Things that were used in ancient times and disappeared with the appearance of swords reappeared through the heavy boots of armor. Iron-headed rods such as Chu (Iron Toe), Nangabong Peak, Garibong Peak, and Cheolyeonhyeopbong Peak reappeared, and as a new weapon, a frame connected to the head and handle appeared, and an axe weapon, which had been unable to escape from the tool, returned to the main force of the battlefield. In particular, what was afraid of the Song Dynasty was that it claimed to be a descendant of Goguryeo, destroyed Yo (Georan), and occupied all of the northern territory of the Song Dynasty, and their tactics were to deploy the Iron Armored Troops to Yangik and destroy them. In China, the legendary master "Akbi," which is respected more than Yi Sun-sin and always appears in Kim Yong's martial arts magazine. He devised a weapon that could deal a heavy blow to horses in powerful armor, a great axe "Godfather" with a blade length of 60 centimeters and a blade weight of 5 kilometers. By placing the soldiers with this in both sides, the Golden Iron Armored Troops were cut off and defeated by a heavy godfather's attack, and Akbi was on a roll and was able to advance to Gaebong, the capital of the Song Dynasty. During the war between the Song Dynasty and the Geum Dynasty, the axe had its heyday, but when the Geum Dynasty was beaten and overpowered by Genghis Khan, Song Dynasty, which was directly confronted by Mongolian troops, not heavy and dull armored soldiers, eventually became useless. As the Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Yuan Dynasty and the heavy armed forces disappeared, a weapon called Dokki, which existed to suppress soldiers in armor, naturally disappeared from the battlefield. However, in the West, since the 13th century, the prevalence of axes has continued to increase and various unique axes have begun to be manufactured and used in different countries due to various hands-on experiences.This was a Danish axe around 1000 AD, which was actually the very weapon of the Vikings, and is now housed in the British Museum.What the Viking used was something that could be hung on the boat, but the de facto main focus was such a wide axe with a good hit rate, and in Europe, where most of the axes were strongly influenced by it, such a wide axe was dominated by such a wide axe.  (Norman warrior with an axe on a broad day) However, as armor was strengthened, the axe, which had been revered, emerged as a new main force in the battlefield, and after the 13th century, the axe began to change into various forms. In Eastern Europe, the axe, which had only been stamped, was extended to the front, and the power to cut like a sword was added, which is often called a birdie shoe. This birdie shoe has two parts that are fixed to the bag, and the front goes into the form of a socket at the end of the bag, and the other one is embedded in the front of the bag. It looks like Eonwoldo Island, but it is classified as an ax in the West. The following picture is also an ax from Hungary, Eastern Europe, not a budish, but it is considered enough to know the "cutting axe" they pursued. (The blade of the front was extended by adding an axe and a stabbing function), but at the same time, the main weapon appeared. However, the fact that the ax's unique strong hitting power was combined to the day was a good means for agricultural infantry to effectively respond to the strengthened armor at the time. In the meantime, in the 15th century, the knight's armor was further strengthened and the axe's handle was extended to safely overpower the enemy from a longer distance, resulting in a unique pole axe in Western Europe. At that time, it became common for one weapon to be equipped with various offensive means, not just one striker, and the existing axe or pole axe soon had a shooting day or stabbing day, so (axes with various functions) were also introduced to complete all-around weapons. The attack method, which could overpower the knights wearing powerful plate armors at the time, was an indispensable factor in any complex weapon.   Like (Paulax above, Halbird below), traditional axes have turned into complex weapons with various performances in the West, allowing them to reach their heyday with the trend of armor. Of course, traditional axes continued to be used, and unique axes such as bodyshu never lost their position until the 18th century, especially in Eastern Europe.   In particular, the characteristic of axe's hitting power + blade was very attractive to knights fighting enemy cavalry with a short 50 centimeters iron fence, and soon the knights developed a small axe that can be used freely on horses, which emerged as an indispensable weapon in the battle between cavalry.  This was the same in India and other Junggeun-dong. (A cavalry axe, weight 1 kilo does not exceed 80 centimeters and is usually in the 50 centimeters range), but above all, it was the price that the ax could be used so much. Even in modern society, the price of a good sword is at least $300, whereas a good poleax is $99.99 enough. For the warriors who are poor, such cheap and high-performance weapons could only be perfect. But the end of the axe came surprisingly early.