2022년 3월 28일 월요일

Jewish Kosher

I'm posting about Kosher, a Jewish food culture.

Halal and Kosher have many similarities.

Maybe it's because their living environment and cultural environment are similar.


Jews make a clear distinction between what to eat and what not to eat. Among them, the edible one is called Kosher, and the Hebrew word "cashurt," which means "appropriate and right," is the etymology. 


Kosher is not a form of food, but a method of selecting and handling ingredients. Therefore, if Chinese food is made according to Jewish law, it becomes Kosher, and if typical Jewish foods such as bagels are made without following Jewish law, it is not Kosher. There are hundreds of books about Kosher's standards and meanings that Jews talk about, but in short, they can be classified into seven main categories. 


1. Vegetable foods such as vegetables and fruits are not unconditionally Kosher or animal. In the case of meat, only the hoof splits and rumination is eaten. The cow, goat, deer, etc. have a back-to-back and split hoofs. Pigs are not Kosher because they do not ruminate, although they are curved. Fish need fins and scales to be Kosher. Salmon, sea bream, yellow corvina, etc. can be eaten because they have both fins and scales. Shark whale loach has fins but cannot be eaten without scales. Squid, octopus, octopus, etc. are not Kosher because they do not have scales as well as fins.The same goes for crabs, crayfish, shrimp, and oysters. In the case of birds, most poultry, such as chicken, turkey, and duck, are Koshers. However, wild birds and carnivorous birds are not Koshers. Eagle, falcon, owl, seagull, bat, etc. cannot be eaten. The eggs of the Kosher bird are Kosher, and the eggs of the non-Kosher bird are not Kosher. 


2. Even edible animals must slaughter meat and birds in accordance with Jewish law. The most important thing is to 'humanly' slaughter without pain. You have to stab your neck with a sharp knife in two seconds to kill it. 

Animals that died naturally or while fighting with other animals cannot eat. How important the slaughter method was can be seen from the fact that in small villages where not many Jews live, the priest Rabbi was mainly in charge of slaughtering livestock. 


3. Blood must be completely removed from any animal. 

Because they value life. In the Old Testament, the life of the body lies in the blood (Legis 17:11), so eating blood is considered an act of eating life. Not only meat but also bird eggs cannot be eaten if there is blood on them.


 No. 2 and No. 3 are almost the same as Halal.


4. Even permitted animals cannot eat a certain portion. They cannot eat the nervous system and blood vessels and do not eat the fat surrounding the body's organs. 


5. You cannot eat meat and milk together (which can be thought of as parents and children). It's because it's too cruel. 

Therefore, hamburgers or cheeseburgers that eat cheese and meat together are prohibited. You shouldn't drink milk right after eating meat.This is because it mixes in the stomach. 

German Jews ate meat for three hours,

Eastern European Jews wait six hours before drinking milk.


6. The tableware used when eating meat cannot be used as a bowl for milk. The same is true of the opposition. Therefore, Jewish families usually have two bowls, two forks and knives. Store in each cupboard and wash the dishes separately. 


7. You cannot drink wine that is not made by the Jews. The idea is that wine has been used for ancestral rites since ancient times. This is why Jews only drink Kosher wine. 


The Jews have maintained this 'Kosher' tradition for 3,300 years. Why? The first thing I can think of is health. In fact, there is no question that Kosher food is good for your health. The slaughter of livestock is so hygienic that the Jewish state of Puju is exempt from investigations by U.S. health authorities. But health is not the only reason. 

Kosher has many health-related provisions. 

Some point out environmental factors. 

For example, it is analyzed that camels were prevented from being eaten because they were used as a useful means of carrying luggage rather than food in desert areas. 

However, this is also inappropriate to cover the entire Kosher Act. 


Jewish scholars eventually conclude that "because it is written like that in the Torah." This is because it is written in the Bible, but there is no particular reason. 

In the end, protecting Kosher means protecting "sacredness and holiness." Judaism places great importance on the ability to distinguish and practice good from evil, good from bad, clean from unclean, and applies such distinction to food culture. 

From the most basic eating behavior in life to practicing "sacredness." 


Of course, not all Jews protect Kosher. 

Only about 30 percent of Jews are found to be very thoroughly protecting Kosher. However, more and more people are looking for Kosher food. 

This is because as Kosher's image of "health food" spreads, non-Jewish people are also increasingly looking for "Kosher." Regardless of the actual recession, Kosher food sales have increased by 12-15% annually, with the current market size reaching $150 billion in the United States alone, industry estimates.

Multinational food companies around the world, without exception, are 100% Kosher-certified for their products.


Thinking about Halal and Kosher, we think that the freedom to eat all foods without having to be picky is the best, while we only take this example for food, but I think we have lived without social moderation.

Of course, there are some inconveniences of controlling individual freedom, such as Kosher and Halal, but perhaps they had the notion that they could control their own desires.

If we think hard of ourselves, we don't know if we've all lived in the absence of such a controlling compulsion norm, such as a spoiled child who has never been scolded by his parents.

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