Since the Japanese colonial era, independence has established itself as the national evaluation standard due to the development of national history in the private academic world. Therefore, since Silla is not justified in the issue of national independence, many argue that the tradition of Korean history from Gojoseon to Goguryeo should be inherited, and North Korean private academia, which considers independence the best evaluation as orthodox, accepts Balhae as an orthodox national history instead of Silla. However, Balhae had been completely excluded from our history until the middle of the Joseon Dynasty, and efforts to incorporate Balhae into the history of our people began to appear only in 1784 when Balhae High School was written by Yu Deuk-gong. However, as the military officer who accepts Silla as authentic has come down so far, Balhae is still neglected in our history, and there is little interest in it, so research and achievements are very little, and even false knowledge are widely known. Bonhae's strong argument is that one of them is the "two-way resident theory." As written in the national history textbook, Balhae's dual resident theory argues that only Goguryeo, a very small number of Balhae populations, were the ruling class, and the majority of Malgal were dual national countries with dual classes consisting of the ruling class. This dual resident theory of Balhae is believed in general academia that is not very interested in Balhae, and it is mentioned in national history textbooks that reflect its claims, so the whole nation has been educated on Balhae's dual resident theory for decades. However, Balhae's dual residential theory expresses the contradiction of not examining the front, rear, left, and right of the record. First of all, if you look at the people of Malgal, Malgal was a race that existed before the founding of Goguryeo, and lived on the outskirts of Buyeo with seven tribes: Sokmalbu, Baekdolbu, Anchagolbu, Bulyeolbu, Hosilbu, Heuksubu, and Baeksanbu. The seven tribes were not unified with each other to form a nation, and their power was very small, and King Memorial (Jumong) was the first people to establish and organize Goguryeo, and after that, they were the commoners of Goguryeo until Goguryeo collapsed. In the History of the Three Kingdoms, it is recorded that King Yeongyang invaded the Yoseo region of the Su Dynasty in the 9th year of King Yeongyang's reign (598), and in the 10th year of King Taejong's reign (636), it is recorded that the total number of troops in Malgal does not exceed 3,000. Therefore, it can be estimated that the total force of Malgal at the end of Goguryeo is about 3,000 to 10,000. Now, let's estimate Malgal's total population based on this total number of troops. At that time, Tang had a total population of 50 million and 600,000 standing troops, so the ratio of troops to population was about 1:80. In addition, Goguryeo is said to have 690,000 lakes at the time of its collapse, but considering that Baekje's lake was 760,000, its credibility is problematic, so the ratio of the total population was about 5 million and 300,000 troops to population was about 1:15. Goguryeo had a very high ratio of troops to prevent the invasion of China's Unified Imperial Party, and the party had a very large population, so the ratio of troops to population in East Asian countries at that time was about 1:30. Therefore, the total population of Malgal can be seen from as little as 90,000 to as much as 300,000. And the population of Goguryeo's collapse (668) is presumed to have been targeted only around the capital Pyongyang for the reasons mentioned above, and in fact, Goguryeo's total population, including slaves, is estimated to have exceeded at least 5 million. During the Battle of Ansi Castle during the reign of King Dangtaejong, the number of high-ranking soldiers supported by Yeon Gaesomun was 150,000. It was only recruited from the northern and southern regions. About 40% to 150,000 interceptors were organized, so simple arithmetic calculations show that the total number of Goguryeo's five units, namely, the interceptors and defenders, was more than 400,000 to 500,000, and the population of Malgal was as many as 300,000 and 28200 scattered by the war. And Balhae was founded exactly 30 years after the fall of Goguryeo, so it is safe to say that the population of Goguryeo and Malgal remaining in the old Goguryeo territory has hardly changed from above. At this time, the ratio of Malgal people to Goguryeo people was 1:15, and the number of Goguryeo people was overwhelmingly high. (Calculating the Goguryeo population as 690,000 units, or 3.5 million, it is 1:11), so the dual resident theory of Malgal Balhae, which was only 1/15 of Goguryeo remaining in the former Goguryeo territory where Balhae was established, cannot be logically established. Assuming that the above calculation is completely wrong and that the population of Malgal in the 7th century is almost equal to that of Goguryeo, there is plenty of room for doubt to present in the dual resident theory. Nearly 5 million Goguryeo people, to be precise, have all disappeared to where? No matter how anti-nomadic Goguryeo was, it was essentially an agricultural country, so even if the country collapsed, it is not easy to leave the settlement, which is your hometown. In addition, Goguryeo residents did not have a destination to leave, because about 100,000 Goguryeo people who migrated to the party were scattered into the wasteland on the side and almost reached Asa, which Goguryeo residents knew is very unlikely, and it is also very likely that they moved to Silla, an ally of the party. (In fact, Balhae, which was later founded by Goguryeo Yumin, was very hostile to Silla.) Therefore, Goguryeo Yumin could only be said to have remained almost in the old Goguryeo land, so the proportion of the population of Goguryeo and Malgal would have been almost the same. Therefore, the dualism that the Malgals accounted for most of the Balhae people is bound to be a complete contradiction. In addition, even if the dualism is correct, Goguryeo residents, who are the very few ruling groups, must have a special system to rule the Malgal people, like the "Inter-Korean One System" of the Khitan, and the fact that the Malgal people have survived for 229 years without such a special system is a great basis. If so, where on earth did the dual resident theory, which cannot be established logically or in common sense, originate and establish itself as the orthodox theory of the Gangdan historical world and even spread to textbooks? The dual resident theory is based on the outline of Volume 23 of the Balhae National Geography, Volume 2, written by Japanese monk Yeongchung, and the contents are as follows. "I supported and delivered the additional writings sent by Jaedanghakganseung Yeongchung and others. Balhaeguk took place in the old region of Goryeo (Goguryo), and King Go of Goguryeo was destroyed by the party in the 7th year of Cheonmyeong Individual Emperor, and then Daejoyeong founded Balhae in the 2nd year of Emperor Poongjo of Cheonjijinjong. It was established by the party in the 6th year of Hwadong. The country is 2,000-ri in all directions, and there are no state, prefecture, and government stations, and there are villages everywhere, all of which are Malgal villages. The people have a lot of horse grinding people, and the number of Toin (Goguryo people) is small. All the Toin became the chief, followed by Dodok in Daechon, and all the people below him call him the leader. The land is extremely cold, and there is no suitable paddy field with water. I know writing in the customs of Jamot." Based on the fourth line of the above record, Balhae's dual resident composition theory was created and has been accepted without any doubt. However, note the third line of the record above. It is written that the area of Balhae is only 2,000 ri in all directions, but it is recorded in [God.Gudangseo] that the area of Balhae in the future reaches 5,000 ri in all directions. What does this mean? Not long after Daejo-yeong led Goguryeo residents to escape from the party and founded Balhae, the territory was limited to Dongmosan Mountain, the capital, and the territory was only 2,000 ri in all directions. Daejoyeong founded Balhae in cooperation with the Malgal people near Dongmosan Mountain. Therefore, the area around 2,000-ri, centered on Dongmosan Mountain, must have been a residential area of the Malgal people, so it is clear that the proportion of the Malgal people was relatively higher than that of Goguryeo. For this reason, an article was written, "It is 2,000 ri everywhere, and the people have many horseshorses and few Toin (Koguryeo people)." Later, Balhae secured stability and national power after its foundation, and based on it, it grew into a great country with more than 5,000 ri, including Goguryeo's territory, and at the same time, it returned to the same population rate as the former Goguryeo. Therefore, academia needs to be interested in this and conduct more detailed and sincere research, and national history textbooks also need to be revised immediately. And with this opportunity, while incorporating Balhae into the history of national tradition, it is necessary to recognize Balhae, a powerhouse that has an international reputation as a "Haedongseongguk," as the root of our people and pay more attention.
댓글 없음:
댓글 쓰기